Jay Leno Drives the 500-Mile Tesla Semi: The Death of Diesel? | Jay Leno's Garage
发布时间 2026-03-23 16:00:27 来源
This is the new Tesla Semi. This is the long range 500 mile model. Putting the driver in the middle of the cab so we could actually have grounder front face and narrower upper portion of the cab just so we could be slicker through the air. We cut about a thousand pounds out of the truck and this long range truck, the 500 mile version, is about on par and in par because it's got a two thousand pound weight exemption that electric vehicles have. This truck can charge at 1.2 megawatts so we can recover about 60% in 30 minutes. The economics are right, the parts is ready, we have the factory standing up but we have ample demand. On a per mile basis this truck is 50% cheaper to run here in California.
这是一辆新的特斯拉半挂卡车，这是长程500英里(约804公里)的型号。我们将驾驶员放在驾驶室的中央位置，这样可以使前脸更贴地，驾驶室的上半部分更窄，以减少空气阻力。我们减轻了卡车约1000磅（约454公斤）的重量，加上电动汽车有2000磅（约907公斤）的重量豁免，这款长程卡车在性能和参数上都表现优秀。这款卡车支持1.2兆瓦的充电速度，因此可以在30分钟内恢复约60%的电量。在经济性方面，这辆卡车的运行成本非常合理，零部件已经准备好，工厂也已开工生产，并且市场需求非常旺盛。在加州，每英里的运行成本比传统卡车便宜50%。
Well, now the episode of J-Lion's garage. We're outside my garage today because the vehicle we're going to be showing you is too big-definite. This is the new Tesla Semi. This is the long range 500 mile model. We have a small model with this too with us. Is Franz, you know, him, he's the director of styling at Tesla and Dan, the semi-director, right? The whole project. Come on in guys, how are you? Good to see you again. Great to see you. Yeah, very cool. I'm sorry about all the noise we're at the airport so we're going to hear some planes in the background.
好的，现在是J-Lion车库这一集。今天我们在我的车库外面，因为我们要展示的车辆太大了，绝对大。这是新款特斯拉半挂卡车，它是500英里长续航的型号。我们这次还有一个小模型。还有弗朗兹，他是特斯拉的造型总监，以及丹，整个项目的半挂车总监，对吗？快进来，各位，你们好吗？很高兴再次见到你们。是的，非常棒。对不起，噪音有点大，因为我们在机场，所以背景中会听到一些飞机的声音。
Well let's talk about design. As a designer you design everything in the whole Tesla range, the sports cars, the sedan and the semi as well. The idea that something looks aerodynamic is not really aerodynamic is it? Aerodynamics is a totally different thing than what people think. Well on something like this, it's really important to get aerodynamics and drag coefficient as low as possible. And we thought about that from the very beginning and made some really unique architectural design ideas like putting the driver in the middle of the cab so we could actually have a rounder front face and narrower upper portion of the cab just so we could be slicker through the air as we get back to the trailer and you know if you remember when we debuted this semi years back.
好的，让我们谈谈设计。作为一名设计师，你设计了特斯拉全系列的车型，包括跑车、轿车和卡车。形状看似流线型的东西，其实并不一定是流线型的，对吗？空气动力学与人们想象的完全不同。在这种情况下，尽量降低空气阻力和风阻系数是非常重要的。从一开始我们就考虑到这一点，并在设计中采用了一些独特的构思，比如将驾驶员放置在驾驶室中央，这样我们就可以设计一个更圆的前脸和更窄的上部驾驶室，以提高空气穿透性。你可能还记得，我们是在几年前首次推出这款卡车的。
All this trailer? Yeah. So you just keep going and you'll feel it going. Keep going. There we go. I'll give it a little throttle. I didn't feel like I'm pulling anything. Yeah. It's amazing. Yeah we're pushing a good load back there. 60, 70,000 pounds. Girls vehicle weight and you're not feeling it. Yeah, make Albuquerque by morning. We said the drag coefficient was lower than a Bugatti Varon. Right. And we've through those years we've actually improved on that and what is it now? From the last time we saw you it's a 7% improvement on the air efficiency from force. The CD is about 0.4. About 0.4. Because I remember when this sort of cab with the, I know what you call this top piece there.
所有这些拖车？是的。所以你只要继续前行，你会感觉到它在运转。继续前行。好了。我会稍微加点油门。我没有感觉到在拉什么东西。是的，这很神奇。我们后面推着一大堆货物，大概60,000到70,000磅吧。车的总重，但你感觉不到。是的，我们会在早上赶到阿尔伯克基。我们说过空气阻力系数比布加迪威龙还要低。对的。这些年来我们实际上在这方面有所提高，现在是什么情况？自从上次见你，总体空气效率提高了7%。CD大约是0.4。大约是0.4。因为我记得这种驾驶室的顶部部分叫什么来着。
When they put that on gas powered and diesel powered truck truckers thought it was ugly. They hated it. Yeah. But they realized they got like 20% improvement. Well, if you think about it, you're trying to move a big box through the air. And so the more bullet shape knows you can put on the front of that box. Well, it's funny because what we think of our dynamic like my Lamborghini Cooonshash people think it's a brick. It's worth some of Volkswagen. The only good thing is it's like an upside down wing, right? So at least it's got it. Yeah, but it's not aerodynamic at all. And what is aerodynamic is so much different. Prius. Right. For example, aerodynamic. And this is, it's really just pure aerodynamics, isn't it? The architecture of the truck is really designed around that.
当他们把这种设计应用在燃油和柴油动力卡车上时，卡车司机们觉得很丑。他们很不喜欢。但是，他们发现燃油效率提高了大约20%。如果你想想看，你是在试图让一个大箱子穿过空气。因此，如果你能在这个箱子前面加上一个更流线型的鼻子就会更好。有趣的是，我们认为像我的兰博基尼Countach那样的车型是有动态美感的，但实际上它被认为像块砖头，能比得上一些大众车。唯一的好处是它就像个倒立的机翼，但是它一点也不流线型。真正流线型的，比如说普锐斯。是的，这真的就是纯粹的空气动力学，卡车的设计实质上就是围绕这个原理展开的。
So if you think about a traditional truck has a big motor in the front, transmission down the middle, you have to sit on the side and therefore you end up being a really wide cabin, right? We didn't have any of that. You know, the batteries down low, it's underneath the floor. We could put the driver anywhere. So we thought, let's put him in the middle, really create a narrow cab that, you know, slowly winds out bullet shape back to the trailer and really maximize air efficiency. When if you kind of, if you were to go back and look at how can you put a more air efficient nose on the front of a box? Right. I mean, it's hard to get more air efficient than this truck.
所以，想象一下传统卡车，前面有个大引擎，中间是变速器，所以你必须坐在一边，因此驾驶室就变得很宽，对吧？而我们没有这些东西。我们的电池在下面，位于地板下方。所以我们可以把驾驶员放在任何地方。于是我们想，把司机放在中间，打造一个窄的驾驶舱，然后让车厢逐渐像子弹一样向后展开，以最大化空气效率。如果你回头看看，怎样才能在一个箱子的前部设计出更高效的空气动力形状，很难找到比这辆卡车更高效的设计了。
Well, Daniel, let me ask you the other director here, is your job to convince? I mean, there's no more old school than truckers. There's trucks have looked the same since 1918. The first different truck was the Corvette or the Corvette truck with the engine in the back. And that was just, well, I mean, people just rebelled. Even when they did the Ford F-1, just surviving, they had trucker door handles and, you know, manly things. And no touch screen, none of that. I mean, you're really trying to change a whole culture with this, aren't you?
好吧，丹尼尔，让我问一下这儿的另一位导演，你的工作是去说服别人吗？我的意思是，没有比卡车司机更传统的群体了。自1918年以来，卡车的外观几乎没有改变。第一个与众不同的卡车是把发动机放在后面的科尔维特卡车。当时，人们很难接受这种变革。即便是做了福特F-1，也只是勉强存活下来，上面依然保留了卡车司机熟悉的门把手等“爷们”的设计，没有触摸屏等现代配置。你这是在尝试改变一种根深蒂固的文化，不是吗？
Absolutely. And we spent a lot of time interviewing drivers listening to them, collecting feedback, both before we unveiled the original one. But then in the last few years, we've collected a lot of fleet feedback from all the drivers that have spent time in the truck. And they really appreciate the electric design because it's quiet, it's smooth. It's a really good place to work. They're spending half a day at a time in the truck. And so it's a really important work and office space, not just the thing they're moving down the road.
当然。我们花了大量时间采访司机，倾听他们的意见，并收集反馈，不仅是在我们第一次发布这款车之前，而且在过去的几年里，我们也从所有长期在这款卡车上工作的司机那里收集了大量车队的反馈。他们非常欣赏这款电动设计，因为它安静、平稳，是一个非常好的工作场所。他们每次在卡车里待半天，因此卡车不仅仅是道路上的运输工具，它还是一个非常重要的工作和办公空间。
And if we wanted to make it extremely comfortable, you have really good visibility. You're right that sometimes we get some skeptical drivers. But when they get behind it and they see all the benefits, they come around really quickly. And that's a theme that we continue to see over and over.
如果我们想让它变得极其舒适，你会有很好的视野。你说得对，有时我们确实会遇到一些持怀疑态度的司机。但当他们亲自体验之后，看到所有的优点时，他们很快就会改变看法。这种转变是我们经常看到的趋势。
Yeah, what's the most surprising thing you talked to some guys that you yoga on the road? You have truckers doing yoga, you know, but because it helps them in their job because they're sitting all day. I mean, was there feedback where you went, oh, we didn't we didn't expect this at all. Is it pretty much what you thought?
好的，你有没有和一些做瑜伽的卡车司机聊过最让你惊讶的事情？你知道，卡车司机也在做瑜伽，因为这对他们的工作有帮助，他们整天都在坐着。你有没有从他们的反馈中发现一些意想不到的东西？还是说一切都在你的预料之中？
They're two pieces to it. On the operational side, folks are really happy with the range and the performance of the truck. We're starting to get away from the misconceptions that electric is bad. And we've done that on a light duty side for years. But now, with the truck side, it's got the range. It has the power and the efficiency to do their job. So it enables their job and that's the bare minimum requirement. They're really satisfied with how that has gone.
这件事可以分为两个方面。在操作层面，人们对卡车的续航里程和性能非常满意。我们逐渐摆脱了“电动不好”的误解。多年来，我们已经在轻型车方面实现了这一点。现在，在卡车方面，电动卡车具备了足够的续航能力、动力和效率，能够胜任他们的工作。这是工作的最低要求，大家对这个结果感到非常满意。
And now it's about what's the experience. And the feedback there has been stellar. Again, it's quiet. They love the seat. It's really smooth. So just the power delivery and how easy it is to drive is another thing that has been a nice confirmation of the thesis we had at the start.
现在的重点在于体验如何。而在这方面的反馈非常出色。再次强调，这款车很安静，他们很喜欢座椅，驾驶起来非常平稳。因此，动力传输以及驾驶的便捷性也再次验证了我们起初的论点。
Is this a kind of vehicle an independent trucker could buy from self as just mostly fleet sales, you know, FedEx and that kind of thing? Because I think as an independent trucker, their big thing is fuel costs. Like now, they're going crazy because fuel is up 10 cents a gallon, 15 cents a gallon. That's the whole profit when you're using the 3000 gallons of fuel, you know, can an independent buy this and use it as an independent trucker?
这是一种独立卡车司机可以买的车辆吗？还是说它主要是卖给像联邦快递这样的车队？因为我认为作为一个独立卡车司机，他们最关心的是燃料成本。比如现在，燃料价格每加仑上涨10美分、15美分，他们已经很抓狂了，因为当你使用3000加仑燃料时，这就是全部的利润。那么，独立司机可以购买并用于他们的运输工作吗？
Yeah, absolutely. And we actually have seen a large surge in interest from smaller regional fleets along with independent owner operators. And that's because one, electric prices are more stable. They're less likely to have those fluctuations than diesel prices do. So it gives them some assurance.
是的，当然。而且我们确实看到来自小型区域车队和独立车主的兴趣大幅增加。这是因为，首先，电价相对更稳定，不像柴油价格那样容易波动。所以这给他们带来了一些保障。
Secondly, we've been really public about our intent to put charging out into the world. So we're launching a mega charging network for the semi so that there's charging beyond what might be where the truck is parked overnight. And also we have service to go along with that. We already have service centers and we have starting stations down here in the Los Angeles area.
其次，我们公开表示了我们要在全球范围内推广充电设施的意图。因此，我们正在为电动卡车推出一个大型充电网络，这样卡车在停放过夜的地方之外也能充电。此外，我们还提供相关的服务。目前我们已经在洛杉矶地区设立了服务中心和初始充电站。
So by putting those things out into the world, those independent drivers have confidence that they have the support they need to do their job. Yeah, I remember when Elon came in 2007 with the original roadster. Oh, we're going to build this electric car. I'm going to have charging stations all along the road like to San Francisco. I'm going to ride that. And you know, and really until recently, even major manufacturers built electric cars. Oh, you can charge any what? Well, no, you can't. You know, I mean, you guys, you're the only ones that were building the infrastructure as you were building the car, which I just thought was pretty amazing. I mean, it's hard enough to build a car. And while you're doing it, your convince is going to be so successfully stopped buying property. Yeah, I think that's great. Well, I think it also helps people feel convinced about the product, right?
通过将这些东西推向世界，那些独立的司机会有信心，因为他们有需要的支持来做好他们的工作。是的，我记得2007年埃隆带着最初的跑车来了。他说：“哦，我们要造这辆电动车。我会在去旧金山的路上建充电站。” 最近之前，甚至一些大厂商也在造电动车，但他们说：“哦，你可以随便充电。” 可事实并非如此。我是说，你们是唯一一边造车一边同时建立基础设施的人，我觉得这真是太了不起了。造车已经够难的了，而你们在此过程中还坚信会如此成功，以至于开始买地建立充电站。是的，我认为这真的很棒。我也觉得这有助于让人们对产品更有信心，对吧？
Knowing that there's a service center. If there's an issue, they can go somewhere that they can charge it. If they can't charge it at home, they can charge anywhere. They can go, you can go cross-country right at the beginning. So that ease of mind, like the ranging Zadi goes away, right? And now you can go anywhere just like. Yeah, the odd thing to me is that electricity has become political. I'd like one, but I'm a Republican one. I don't get why it's political. I don't get it. It's electricity. Yeah. And to me, I have gas and electric. I have both. And when I go to the airport, I have to take a long trip. I take the electric because sitting on the 405 and a 66-coronet with a hammy is not funny. It's not fun and it's a lot of money. Right. Let's talk about tires. If you all know these use ordinary truck tires, you have to buy special Tesla low-rolling resistance.
了解到有一个服务中心。如果出现问题，他们可以去一个可以充电的地方。如果他们不能在家里充电，他们可以随时随地充电。一开始他们就可以横跨全国旅行。这样的便利让人放心，就像消除了里程焦虑一样。奇怪的是，电力变成了政治话题。我想要一个，但我是共和党人。我不明白为什么这成了政治问题。电就是电。而对我来说，我既有汽油车也有电动车。当我去机场或长途旅行时，我会选择电动车，因为在405公路上开一辆装有重型发动机的66年克莱斯勒科罗纳并不好玩，而且费用很高。对了，让我们来说说轮胎。如果大家知道这些车辆使用普通卡车轮胎，那就得给特斯拉买专门的低滚动阻力轮胎。
Yeah, there's nothing special or unique that's for this truck. So we can use off-the-shelf tires. We have a recommended set that help you extend your range because the rolling resistance is a large piece of it, but you can put any set of tires on that work for your operation. Does this weigh more than the equivalent gasoline truck? Yeah, so since the last time we are here, we cut about a thousand pounds out of the truck. And this long-range truck, the 500-mile version, is about on par and in part because it's got a 2,000 pound weight exemption that electric vehicles have. So payload parity is very possible for most applications. What we hear from customers is they usually like to haul about a 45,000 pound payload. And we can definitely do that with this truck. It's out doing it every day. The standard range, which we'll see later, is even lighter and really has a good potential to slot into basically any weight, equivalent operation.
是的，这辆卡车没有什么特别或独特的地方。因此，我们可以使用标准的轮胎。我们有一套推荐的轮胎，可以帮助您延长续航里程，因为滚动阻力是一个重要因素，但您也可以根据业务需求选择适合的轮胎。这个电动车比同类汽油车重吗？自上次我们来这里以来，我们减少了卡车大约一千磅的重量。这款续航500英里的长续航卡车由于电动车有2000磅的重量豁免，所以整体重量基本相当。因此，对于大多数应用而言，货物载重能力相当是很有可能的。我们从客户那里了解到，他们通常希望运载大约45000磅的货物，而我们的卡车完全可以做到，并且每天都在这样运作。稍后我们会看到标准续航版，它甚至更轻，真的有很大的潜力适用于几乎任何相当的重量操作。
Well, thinking of me as me was the Cybertruck is two tons lighter than the Hummer. Yeah, electric. Yeah. I mean, two tons. Yeah. I assume they'd be about the same batteries or batteries, but they're not. You you're really making a low, the battery size in the Cybertruck is half that. Right. One in the Hummer. So you're. But the equivalent. Reduced. Yeah, equivalent energy at the end of the day. And touching back on the aerodynamics, part of why it's so important is that if we want to do a certain amount of range in the day, 500 miles in this case, we need a certain amount of energy to do it. If you make the truck more aerodynamic, that's less battery on board. Yeah. Lighter truck, more payload you can carry. There's a really great compounding effect there.
好吧，说到我自己，就像赛博卡车要比悍马轻两吨。是的，它们都是电动的。我是说，两吨啊。我本以为它们的电池会差不多一样重，但其实并不是。赛博卡车的电池大小只有悍马的一半。不过，最终它们是有等效能量的。这也涉及到空气动力学的重要性，如果我们想在一天内完成一定的行驶距离，比如500英里，就需要一定量的能量。如果让卡车的设计更符合空气动力学，就可以减少车上电池的数量。这样，车更轻，就可以运载更多的货物。这个方面会产生非常好的复合效果。
And this, this is regen also as it goes down the road. Yeah, that's right. So we've got full capability for regen to go down steep grades at highway speed and keep you in control. So whether that's like grapevine, what you've got here locally or some of the other big passes, you can descend those comfortably and never touch the brakes. Right. We've got ample power both to take you up the grade and down the grade and without ever changing from the speed limit. So you're never a dog in the right lane, everybody's flying by you and going down, you never have to touch the brakes. It's like a great, more modern version of engine braking, right? Yeah, yeah. Yeah, diesel trucks. Exactly, yeah. But much finer control and cruise control will keep you at that speed using that regen to do it.
这部分内容讲的是，当车辆行驶在道路上时，也具备再生制动功能。是的，没错。我们的再生制动系统在高速公路上行驶时，可以充分应对陡坡，确保车辆在驾驶过程中的可控性。所以无论是像这里的葡萄藤山路，还是其他一些大型的山路，你都可以在不用踩刹车的情况下，舒适地下降。我们有足够的动力让你上坡和下坡，并且不用超出限速。因此，你不会成为慢车道上的“慢车”，周围车辆飞速经过，而下坡时也不需要踩刹车。这就像是一个更现代版本的发动机制动，对吧？是的，是的。没错，就像柴油卡车一样，但能够提供更精细的控制，自动巡航系统会利用再生制动来保持您的速度。
Well, it's interesting because you guys you hit two years ago at this. And then that time, you've made about a couple thousand. We made a few hundred of them. A few hundred of them. But I just like it's just a quiet rollout just see how it goes. I mean, I've seen a few marineries. Why isn't it more publicity on this? But it's sort of just R&D, isn't it? The whole time. Well, it's also yeah, it's also about exposing it to our customers and getting them comfortable. And they've got a lot of feedback. And that's why now we feel as the time for scale, the economics are right. The price is ready. We have the factory standing up. But we have ample demand. And the fleet that's been out there now with a few hundred trucks has driven more than 13 and a half million miles. Our lead truck is at almost 440,000 that they're out running really hard every day doing good work. These aren't just demo show trucks. Right. And so there's a lot of confidence that they've built up.
好的，这很有趣，因为你们两年前就开始处理这件事。那时，你们只生产了几千台，我们则生产了几百台。但是我觉得这样安静地推出产品，看看效果如何还是挺好的。我看到了一些大规模的应用场景，为什么没有更多的宣传呢？不过这就像是研发阶段，对吧？其实，这也是为了让我们的客户开始接触并习惯这些产品。他们给了我们很多反馈，因此我们现在觉得是时候扩大规模了，经济条件已成熟，价格也合适。我们的工厂已经就绪，而且需求充足。现在已有几百辆卡车，行驶总里程超过1350万英里。我们的一辆主力卡车已运行了将近44万英里，每天都在全力工作，这些不仅仅是展示用的演示卡车。这就让我们对产品充满信心。
And your maintenance is no oil change jobs. There's no brake fluid, maybe? No, because these are air brakes. So your maintenance on them is really low. And the service team has been exceptional with our the fleet time is usually up 95% uptime. Almost 75 80% of breakdowns if you have one are returned back to the customer less than 24 hours. And it's actually almost half or back to a customer with an unhour. So we're right there with rapid response. And we've designed the truck to be easy to maintain because the truck makes you money. So even if you're a fleet or an owner operator, you've got to get that truck and that tool back on the road. And what is the most common breakdown? I mean electric motors don't really require any maintenance at all. Do they? No, the the drive train is extremely reliable.
你的维护工作不包括更换机油。也许也没有刹车油？对，因为这些是气刹车。所以你的维护成本实际上非常低。而且我们的服务团队表现出色，我们的车队通常有95%的正常运行时间。如果发生故障，大约有75-80%的车辆会在24小时内返还给客户，实际上几乎一半的车辆能在一小时内返还给客户。所以我们的响应速度非常快。我们设计卡车时考虑了易于维护，因为卡车可以为你赚钱。所以无论你是车队所有者还是个体运营者，都需要尽快让卡车和工具回到道路上运作。最常见的故障是什么呢？我意思是电动机几乎不需要任何维护，对吧？是的，动力传动系统极其可靠。
Whether it's the battery pack itself or the motors, those are the extremely reliable components. But trucks do a lot of different work and get a lot of stuff thrown at them. And so we do have the occasional wear out issue. You can get some lines rubbing, for example. And we've taken all those learnings and fed them back into the updated high volume design that we've got here today. And the level of engineering has really upped that and improved the reliability substantially. This can drive all night because there's no a driver that doesn't have to stop at 500 miles or get his wife to drive the other half. You know those teams that do it. So that's an advantage, isn't it if it's autonomous? Yeah. So we as a company really believe in autonomy. And autonomy has an opportunity to increase not just the convenience for the driver, but also a huge amount of safety. And that's really where we're coming with a lot of the features that we're introducing.
无论是电池组本身还是电机，这些都是非常可靠的部件。但是卡车执行的工作种类繁多，面临的挑战也很多，因此难免会有一些磨损问题出现。例如，有时可能会发生线路摩擦。我们已经从这些经验中学到了很多，并将其应用到现有的高产量设计中，工程水平因此得到了显著提升，可靠性也大幅提高。这个系统能够整夜行驶，因为不需要司机在500英里后停下来休息或者让他的妻子来开剩下的一半距离。你知道有这样的团队，所以如果是自主驾驶岂不是很有优势？是的，我们公司非常相信自动驾驶技术，它不仅能增加司机的便利性，还能大幅提高安全性。这正是我们在引入许多功能时的出发点。
And it's safety both for the driver that's operating at start, but also for everybody else on the road is we have a lot of sensors. We use the cameras on board to ensure the vehicle knows its surroundings. And then we use all the integrated software that Tesla has been developing to keep the vehicle in control. And it's really about safety is our primary goal there. Let's say you're going to saline the Kansas. You get your 500 miles. You pull into it. It's like an airplane coming in does the someone say a Tesla truck coming in for refuel or recharge? How does that work? I mean you could have an attendant that would plug it in for example, but we also see an opportunity for doing automated charging in the future as well. Oh I see. Yeah something we're working on with the cars. So. Oh it just pulls in automatically. I guess like a thing you drive over.
这段话的大意是：我们在车辆上装有许多传感器，保障了驾驶员和其他道路使用者的安全。车辆利用车载摄像头来了解周围环境，并使用特斯拉开发的集成软件确保车辆受控。安全是我们最重要的目标。举个例子，如果你要开到堪萨斯州的塞利纳，行程是500英里。当你想要为特斯拉卡车补充能量时，情形就像飞机降落加油或充电一样。虽然可以由工作人员来插入充电器，但我们也看到未来自动充电的机会。我们正在为汽车研发相关技术。因此，车辆可以自动驶入合适的位置，就像开过某种设备一样。
Drive over exactly. Well that's pretty cool. Yeah, conductive charge. Okay, how long does a 500 mile charge take? So this truck can charge at 1.2 megawatts. Right. And so we can recover about 60% in 30 minutes. Wow. 30 minutes. Yeah, so with the ideas there with a 500 mile charge driver can go out and do their day. Now for some areas 500 miles is ample for your entire operation. Right. But let's just say you need to stop and charge. You do that during your mandatory 30 minute break and you can recover up to 300 miles of additional range to extend your day. So it really covers a huge majority of the envelope of truck operations within a single driver's shift. And there's no penalty for charging. You're never stopping exclusively for charging. Right. Oh I see. Oh well that's yeah.
好的，翻译成中文：
"直接开车过去。嗯，这还挺酷的。对，导电充电。那么，充满500英里需要多久？这辆卡车可以以1.2兆瓦的功率充电。明白了，所以我们可以在30分钟内恢复大约60%的电量。哇，30分钟。是的，所以对于500英里充电的概念来说，司机可以出去完成他们一天的工作。现在，对于某些地区来说，500英里已经足够你整个运营了。但是如果需要停车充电的话，你可以在强制的30分钟休息时间充电，恢复额外300英里的续航来延长你的工作时间。所以这确实涵盖了绝大多数卡车在单班司机工作中的操作范围。而且充电没有任何惩罚，你从不需要专门停下来充电。明白了。哦，我懂了，这也太好了。"
Yeah that's pretty amazing. It's really impressive. And we talked a little bit about the architecture and still sticking with the center driver. Right. Dan talked about how the interior cabin is actually the office for the operator. And when you go inside you'll see you can actually stand up. You can have multiple people in that space that would be the same footprint as a normal truck where you only have the ability to sit in your seat. So a lot more flexible space on the inside.
是的，那真是太棒了。这真的让人印象深刻。我们刚才聊了一点关于设计的内容，并且仍然坚持使用中心驾驶位。对，Dan提到过车内的驾驶舱实际上就是驾驶员的办公室。而且当你进入车内时，你会发现你实际上可以站立起来。你可以在这个空间里容纳多个人，而这个空间的占地面积和普通卡车是一样的，但在普通卡车中，你只能坐在座位上。因此，车内的空间灵活性要大得多。
But in the front end of the truck we updated the graphics. We have a much more modern light bar now that we didn't have on the previous version. Similar to Cybertruck and Cybertcab. So really kind of pushing this new design direction. It feels more modern I think. And we've just like we touched on we've been working on the air dynamics of the truck and just improving improving improving. So there's a lot of the general shape of the truck looks the same. We made a lot of engineering improvements since the last time we were here.
在卡车的前部，我们更新了图形。现在我们有了比之前版本更现代的灯条，类似于Cybertruck和Cybertcab。因此，我们确实在推进这种新的设计方向。我觉得它看起来更现代。而且正如我们提到的，我们一直在努力改善卡车的空气动力性能，并不断提高。因此，卡车的大体形状看起来是一样的，但自从上次以来我们做了许多工程上的改进。
And it's been mostly in the name of moving towards high volume. So that's updated designs for high manufacturer ability and tooling. But also we've taken a lot of the engineering from other products and brought it into the semi. We've gone from a hydraulic steering system to hydraulic assist to now it's a fully electric assist. So it's still a connected system. It's not steer by wire. But we've brought over the Cybertruck actuators beefed them up a little bit because of the steering loads.
主要是为了实现大批量生产，因此我们更新了设计以提高可制造性和工装能力。同时，我们从其他产品中借鉴了大量的工程设计并将其应用到半挂卡车上。我们已经从液压转向系统过渡到液压助力，现在是完全电动助力。因此，它仍然是一个连接系统，而不是线控转向系统。我们还在此基础上增加了 Cybertruck 的执行器，以应对更高的转向负荷。
But we've brought that over. It's a 48 volt architecture now throughout the vehicle on low voltage. Yep. So we still do local down conversion for 12 volt accessories that a driver might need for example. But we've brought that next generation 48 volt architecture that Cybertruck debuted with because it's just more efficient and it's a lot less mass and wiring harnesses.
我们已经引入了这个技术。现在整个车辆的低电压系统都是48伏架构。是的，对于驾驶员可能需要的12伏附件，我们仍然会进行局部的降压转换。但是我们引入了由Cybertruck首次采用的下一代48伏架构，因为它更高效，并且减少了大量的质量和线束。
We've updated communications. There's been a huge uptick in the engineering to bring this truck really into the same portfolio that the rest of the products are that we have. And now these lithium ion batteries are even something more advanced than that. So this is lithium ion. And we're leveraging the same cell type that we use in the Cybertruck. It's arranged in a different array within the truck but it's all into modules and then packs that are low to the ground so it keeps center of gravity low.
我们更新了交流方式。工程方面有了巨大提升，使这款卡车真正融入到我们其他产品的系列中。而现在这些锂离子电池甚至比以前更先进。这些电池是锂离子的，而且我们使用的是与Cybertruck相同的电池类型，只是这种卡车中它们的排列方式有所不同，但仍然是模块化设计，然后组合成放置得很低的电池组，这样可以保持低重心。
It's integrated really densely with the overall chassis to maximize structural performance and keep the weight down. So we're taking a lot of the same lessons from the car side including the cell itself into the battery design here. And how how rebuildable are these I mean lithium ion to the battery lasts the life of the vehicle or is it you know half a half a million miles that's that you need to do battery pack.
它与整体底盘高度整合，以最大化结构性能并保持重量低。我们从汽车领域汲取了许多相同的经验，包括电池单元本身，将其应用到电池设计中。关于电池的耐用性问题，我的意思是，锂电池的使用寿命能保持车辆的整个生命周期吗？还是说行驶了五十万英里后就需要更换电池组？
The battery is designed to last a million miles. You will see some degradation over time but we see that it can last in its original duty cycle a million miles. Well you know it's interesting I have that McLaren P1 and that has a hybrid system right and my battery is 12 years old and it's 92% still. Yeah because I keep it on a charger. I know other guys are on a third battery because you know they go to Europe for a month and they come back and things dead and they've got a shock impact user neglect.
这款电池的设计寿命是一百万英里。虽然随着时间推移电池会有一些老化，但我们认为它能够在原来的使用周期内达到一百万英里。这很有趣，我有一辆迈凯伦P1，它是一款混合动力系统的车，我的电池已经用了12年，现在依然保持在92%的状态。因为我一直把它连接在充电器上。我知道有些人已经换了第三块电池，因为他们去欧洲度假一个月，回来时发现电池已经没电了，这就是由于使用者的疏忽导致的冲击影响。
Yeah that's what that's what it is. So if you have a vehicle like this is it better to keep it on the charger all the time. Well the best thing to do is actually get it on the road all the time. Right. Because that's how it makes you money. So the cells and the battery is actually designed. We think about it it's a little bit more like one of our energy products like our mega pack or power wall on wheels.
是的，就是这么回事。所以，如果你有一辆这样的车，是不是一直连接在充电器上比较好呢？其实，最好的办法是让它一直在路上跑。因为这样才能给你赚钱。事实上，电池的设计有点像我们的一个能量产品，比如移动版的超级电池组或动力墙。
Right. It is doing a lot of discharges it does like one a day so it's up and down. It's not like a car where you might only be doing 10 or 20% a day. The benefit here is that you've got a cell and a battery that is designed for that throughput. You really want this on the road. The more energy throughput you are putting through the system. The greater fuel savings you have compared to if you were doing that work with diesel.
好的。这个系统每天进行大量的充放电，大约一天一次，所以状态会有些波动。不像汽车可能每天只用10%或20%的电量。这个系统的优势在于它的电池和电芯是专门为这种高频使用设计的。你确实需要把它投入路面使用，因为系统处理的能量越多，相比使用柴油完成这些工作，省下的燃料就越多。
So it's really about getting it on the road as much as you can. And the thing that amazed me was I wasn't wondering well how could they have a center driving position because you can't have it in the car because there's no way for the airbag. But trucks don't need airbags or any of that today. Yeah. The great regulations.
所以这实际上就是要尽可能多地让它上路。让我感到惊讶的是，我并没有想，他们怎么能有一个中间驾驶位置，因为在小汽车中你不能这样做，因为没有地方安装安全气囊。但卡车今天不需要安全气囊或任何类似的设备。是的，这真是太好了。
Yeah. I never knew that. I just assumed all vehicles produced the United States had to have an airbag. But trucks don't. Trucks do not. Yeah. There's actually very few overall safety regulations. Like brakes are highly regulated. Right. And testing for that. But there's no mandatory crash testing. There's no airbag requirement. Even the advanced safety features are far behind what is mandatory on the car side.
是啊，我真不知道这个。我一直以为所有在美国生产的车辆都必须配备安全气囊，但卡车没有。卡车确实没有。实际上，关于卡车的整体安全法规非常少。比如，刹车是有严格规定的，还有相关的测试。但没有强制性的碰撞测试，也没有安全气囊的要求。甚至在高级安全功能方面，卡车的要求也远远落后于轿车的强制性标准。
So we're really leaning into the safety side on this and trying to make it the safest truck on the road both for the occupant. Right. Also for everybody else around. Yeah. Well very cool. Now this is as you've mentioned the long-range truck. It's a little bit bigger. We have a small one over here. Right. And what's the range on that one? That one does about 325 miles of the same truck. So that mostly for running around the city part of LA. Right. Exactly. Yeah. Because it's so funny here in California. You know. I used to think Disneyland was 120 miles from there because it's just 2.5 miles. It's 38 miles. But when you go quickly it's 2.5 miles. Yeah. It's just 3 hours. I can't wait. I can't just assume it was 1.5 miles away. I went no. Okay. So that's that's one we're going to drive the smaller one. Yeah. Okay. Very cool. Well let's go let's go check it out. Let's go check it out. Let's go.
我们非常重视安全性这一方面，努力使这款卡车成为道路上最安全的车辆，不仅对乘客如此，对周围的其他人也是这样。非常酷。正如你所提到的，这是长续航版卡车，它稍微大一些。我们这边有一辆小一点的。那辆车的续航里程是多少？同样是这款卡车，它的续航里程大约是325英里，主要用于在洛杉矶市区跑。没错。确实很好笑，在加利福尼亚，我曾经以为迪士尼乐园离这有120英里，因为它只有2.5英里。实际上是38英里。不过，当你很快过去时，感觉好像只是2.5英里，但实际上花了3个小时。我真是迫不及待，我以前以为它只有1.5英里，我去了以后才发现不是。好吧，我们会驾驶那辆较小的卡车。好的，非常酷。我们去看看吧。走吧。
Okay. I'm in front of the shorter range model. I guess this panel is bigger on the other one this part here. It's a little different. And I guess there's no driver side either side. Yeah. I get in whatever size can be in it. The middle like you like the car and F1. Yeah. Exactly. Exactly. Now this. Yeah. So that's new. The last truck that we had had a single pane and it would tilt out and you'd have to you know pass clipboards through and go around. Yeah. And we found that that was really you know not really convenient. Right. So we worked on getting a drop glass. So now you can pass through. You can reach out to gates and have access. All right. Let's just make the experience in and out much better.
好的，我现在在短程型号的前面。我猜在另一个型号上这个面板要大一点，这部分有点不同。我想两侧都没有驾驶员。我坐在中间，像你喜欢的F1赛车。对，没错。这是新的。我们之前的卡车只有单块玻璃，会向外倾斜，所以你需要把文件递出去，然后绕过去。我们发现这样真的不太方便。所以我们致力于设计一个可下降的玻璃。现在可以直接传递东西，可以伸手到大门，方便多了。这样进出体验也会大大改善。
Now let me ask something. Let's say I'm I need to go to Minnesota. North Dakota. It's December. I mean electric cars are somewhat notorious in cold weather for mileage drops 20% 30% is that a problem with this or how is it different. We do a lot of extensive cold weather testing. Yeah. Actually right now we have several trucks up in Alaska doing that. And so we try to expose it to Defer cold temps as well as different types of snow and ice because it all builds up differently on the truck. But the truck performs exceptionally well whether that's because it has instant traction control from the benefit of electric motors. But also we've done a lot to incorporate a thermal system with our heat pump. It's really efficient. And so we can move thermal energy throughout the vehicle very quickly. We can scavenge it from the outside. We can bring it from the battery pack or the motors that are working hard put it in the cab. So we can move thermal energy all around the truck to keep it in the most optimal and efficient operating point. So the range drop isn't nearly as big as what is usually thought. You do have it because we can't fight the fact the air is denser. The tires don't roll as well. So you do see a degradation but you would see a similar effect on diesel trucks as well.
让我问一下。假设我需要去明尼苏达州或者北达科他州，而现在是十二月。众所周知，电动车在寒冷天气下的里程会下降20%到30%，这会是个问题吗？或者说这种车型有什么不同？我们做了大量的严寒天气测试。目前，我们有几辆卡车在阿拉斯加进行测试。因此，我们尝试在各种寒冷温度以及不同类型的雪和冰条件下进行测试，因为它们对卡车的影响是不同的。但我们的卡车性能非常出色，这得益于电动机能够提供瞬时牵引力控制。此外，我们在热泵的热能系统上下了很大功夫，使其非常高效。我们可以在车内快速转移热能，从外界获取热能，或者从电池和马力强劲的电机中获取能量并放入驾驶室内。这样，我们可以在卡车的各处移动热能，保持其在最佳和最有效的工作状态。因此，续航里程的下降没有通常认为的那么大。虽然还是会有下降，因为我们无法改变空气密度更高、轮胎滚动不畅的事实，但柴油卡车在这方面也会有类似的效果。
Okay so let's say I'm in normal Alaska. I go to a hotel. This truck is actually running all night right because the heat pump keeps it circulating all the time. No actually it does go idle and it's not running. But the battery pack actually retains a lot of mass in part because of its shape. So it's a cube is opposed to a pancake. So it stays warm pretty much overnight even in extremely cold temperatures. So it'll be ready for operation in the next day. Now I was though I was always ready to believe about 74 degrees Fahrenheit. It's about the optimal the best temperature for an electric battery. Is that if that's still true today or that? No. Just an old thing. From an efficiency standpoint. Yeah about that like 20, 30 c is about where we see peak efficiency. Right. But the battery pack is independently controlled in terms of temperature and it's much happier to actually run at a slightly warmer temperature. Right. You get better performance, greater efficiency of energy in and out of the battery pack. And that's where that thermal system does a really good job of keeping it at its optimal performance temperature.
好的，我们来假设一下，我现在在阿拉斯加的某个地方，住进了一家酒店。这辆卡车实际上整夜都在运转，因为热泵一直让它循环工作。其实不完全是这样，卡车在某些时候会处于空闲状态，并不运转。然而，由于电池组的形状部分原因，它能够保持大量的热量。它是立方体形状，而不是扁平的饼状，这样即使在极寒天气下，电池过夜也能保持温暖。因此，它在第二天可以随时准备运行。过去我一直认为大约74华氏度（约23摄氏度）是电池的最佳温度。如今，这个说法是否依然正确？从效率的角度来看，20到30摄氏度是电池效率最高的温度范围。不过，电池组在温度方面是独立控制的，它在稍微高一点的温度运行会更好。这样可以获得更好的性能，更高效的能量进出电池组，这也是温控系统在保持电池最佳性能温度方面做得很好的原因。
So it like a diesel truck it's a liquid cool battery system. Yeah that's right. So we've brought out over a lot of the same componentry that we have from our passenger car side. So same compressor, same pumps, a lot of the same valves also that we have high volume and high reliability. But it's actually a really elegant solution for moving this liquid. It's just a standard automotive coolant throughout the system. But non water, it's like a what do you call it? It's like a glycoil water-based solution. Yeah. What is water? Oh it is water-based. Yeah it's a mix. Okay. That's interesting. Okay. Well very cool. How often do you change that every half a million miles or like never? I guess you never do huh? No it's okay. I mean it is serviceable and so if you end up swapping a component that has coolant in it you might need to top it off. But it's designed to have a system that you don't need to do any service or maintenance.
所以这就像一辆柴油卡车，它是一个液体冷却电池系统。对，没错。我们从乘用车那边引入了很多相同的组件。比如同样的压缩机、泵，以及许多相同的阀门，这些都是高容量和高可靠性的。但是，我们为液体循环设计了一个非常巧妙的解决方案。整个系统使用的只是标准的汽车冷却剂，但不是水，它更像是一种乙二醇水基溶液。哦，是水性基底的，对，是混合的。很有趣。非常酷。那么，多久更换一次呢？每五十万英里更换一次，还是根本不用更换？我想您可能从来不需要更换吧？不，其实可以的。就是说，如果你换带有冷却液的部件，可能需要加一些。但它的设计初衷是一个不需要任何维护或保养的系统。
So it's life for the car. Coolant pretty much. Yeah. Very very good. And let me ask about you see a lot of the big food trucks and you had transporting beef across the country. It's got to be frozen. It plugs into the electrical system and the diesel. Same thing here. Yeah so on a traditional trailer they have an independent refrigerated unit that has its own diesel pony motor on it to keep the refrigeration at the right temperature in the trailer. Okay. But for us it just it felt wrong. Like why do we have an electric truck that is then also pulling a diesel engine on the back of it? Right. It doesn't make sense. And also they're really noisy. They're actually consume a lot of fuel. They're not very efficient. And so we said let's see if we can power that off of the truck itself.
这就像汽车的生命之源。主要是冷却液。是的，非常好。我想问一下，你见过很多大型餐车吗？它们运送牛肉穿越全国，这些牛肉必须保持冷冻状态。这些冷冻设备连接电力系统和柴油机，和这个情况类似。在传统拖车上，会有一个独立的冷藏单元，它有自己的柴油机以便在拖车内维持合适的冷藏温度。但是对我们来说，这感觉不太对。为什么我们要用电动卡车却还要拖着一个柴油发动机呢？这不太合理。而且这些柴油发动机非常吵，耗油量大，效率也不高。所以我们决定看看能否直接利用卡车本身的电力来驱动冷藏单元。
So we're actually using the same power electronics that we use from the cyber truck that can power a home for example. Right. We've reconfigured those to power a refrigerated trailer unit. And so now the whole combination can be electric. And it doesn't just have to be refrigerated units. It could be other electrical high power accessories. So if you had a production truck for example for the entertainment industry that could power it. It's meant to be a universal interface that folks can use as an electric power takeoff rather than powering accessories off of an independent generator or what they usually do which is like a hydraulic system off. Do I lose any of my 500 mile range with that electric? It is an additional energy draw.
我们实际上在使用与赛博卡车相同的电力电子设备，例如可以为一个家庭供电。我们重新配置了这些设备以为冷藏拖车提供电力。现在，这整套设备可以全部电动化。不仅限于冷藏装置，也可以用于其他需要高功率的电气设备。例如，如果你有一辆专为娱乐行业设计的生产卡车，这套设备也可以为其供电。它是一个通用接口，用户可以将其用作电动取力装置，而不是使用独立发电机或通常使用的液压系统。那么，这对我的500英里续航里程有影响吗？是的，这会额外消耗一些能量。
Right. Just goes into the modeling and understanding what is your operation. How does it work for you? But we find that that additional energy again is a fuel savings payback because those small generators and engines are really inefficient. Right. Okay. All right. Very cool. Let's take a first spin. Yeah, let's do it. Now for us I know you've got to go finish designing my. Your register. Yes. I'm avoiding my Tesla roadster. And the anticipation it seems to keep you getting more exciting. It's got all kinds of trick stuff on. We won't disappoint. You'll enjoy your ride. All right. You're in good hands. Now what goes? I can get ahead of me to the side. All right. You still got to come around this side.
好的。我们需要了解和分析你的运营模式，看看如何适合你。但我们发现，额外的能量实际上可以通过节约燃料来回本，因为那些小型发电机和引擎效率很低。好的，明白了。非常棒，让我们先试一下吧。是的，开始吧。我知道你得去完成我的设计。你的登记。是的，我正在避免我的特斯拉跑车。而这种期待似乎让你越来越兴奋。它上面有很多巧妙的东西。我们不会让你失望的。你会享受这次驾驶。好的，你处于好的状态。接下来呢？我可以走到我前面旁边。好的，你还是得绕到这一边来。
Yep. That's it. I think this would be the definition of commanding vehicle of the road. Yes. And I guess you just use your iPhone for music or entertainment. Yeah, you can. We also have brought over a lot of the infotainment from the car side. So we have the same built-in apps. But a lot of drivers do stream from their phone as well. Yeah. Yeah. You were actually the first non-testless person to be operating with you. Oh, is that right? Well, that's an honor. Well, thanks. I appreciate it. Yeah. Well, I'm a big fan of it. You know, anything that gives you all try to do what you have is good because you know, I mean, you look at this war going on in Iran now. I mean, so you need all the turn-in forms of transportation.
是的，就是这样。我认为这可以说是对道路上指挥车辆的定义。是的，我猜你只是用你的iPhone来听音乐或进行娱乐活动吧。是的，你可以这样做。我们还从汽车方面引入了很多信息娱乐系统，所以我们有相同的内置应用程序。但很多司机也确实会从手机上播放音乐。是的。实际上，你是第一个非试用人员在操作这个系统。哦，是吗？那真荣幸，谢谢。我很感激。是的，我是它的忠实粉丝。你知道，任何尝试提升体验的东西都很好，因为现在你看看伊朗的战争，你确实需要所有能够转变的交通方式。
More we have the better. Yeah. And thankfully, electric really does insulate you from a lot of those fluctuations. And you can be entirely self-generating if you want between solar and then storage and putting charging on your site. You can be really an energy independent on your own. You guys investigate fusion at all? For the last 50 years fusion is we're going to be the big one at some point. Yeah. I just wondered when it would get here. And it might get there. We like to say though that we do have a giant very reliable fusion reactor in the sky. That is the sun. Right. And we want to use solar to capture that energy.
人们拥有的越多越好。而且，值得庆幸的是，电力确实可以将你从许多波动中隔离出来。如果你愿意，你可以通过太阳能、储能和现场充电实现完全的自给自足。你可以真正实现自己的能源独立。你们有没有研究过核聚变？在过去的50年里，核聚变被认为终会成为一种重要能源。我只是想知道它什么时候会实现。而且它可能会实现。我们常说，其实我们头顶上有一个非常可靠的巨大核聚变反应堆，那就是太阳。我们希望利用太阳能来捕获这种能量。
Right. And that's going to continue to shine every day. So well, that's harness that first. Yeah. Right. Like I said, true. Yeah, when that stops shining, you get bigger problems. Exactly. Yeah. Plus there's a psychological effect. Like with the hydrogen cars, the Hindenburg did not blow up. There's no hydrogen. It would sell you those paint. But people get it in their mind. You know, it's funny how rumors. You know, last night I drove my car there. These one guy said to me, these blow up, right? No, they don't blow them blow up. It's air-cooled. It's not going to blow up. It's certainly easy enough to drive. Especially without a trailer. It basically drives like one of our cars. Right. It's a big car. Very easy to great experience. No shifting. A lot of the aspects that are great about electrification. It's a torque response. Right. You just make a truck drive experience that much better.
好的，太阳会每天都照耀着我们。所以，我们首先要利用好它。对，正如我所说，这是真的。当太阳不再照耀时，你会遇到更大的问题。没错。此外，还有一种心理效应。比如关于氢动力汽车，人们总是提到兴登堡飞艇事件，其实它并不是因为氢气爆炸的。但这些事情会在人们的心中留下印象。这就像谣言的传播。昨晚我开车出去，有个人对我说，这些车会爆炸，对吧？其实不会的。它们是空气冷却的，不会爆炸。而且这些车很容易驾驶，尤其是没有拖车的时候。开起来就像我们的普通汽车一样。这是一辆大车，但体验非常好，没有换挡，许多电气化优点，像是加速响应很快。这样可以让卡车的驾驶体验更好。
Does it make any difference to an electric motor or how fast it's spinning? For example, if you put a two-speed rear end in this. Yeah. And you get up above 60 and then the RPM cuts in half. Do you save more electricity or no? Yeah, that's an excellent question. And motors operate a little differently in terms of their torque and power curve than an engine. Right. And they solve a lot of the needs of what they have to do by gearing. We've chosen a different strategy. So there is no shifting. We could do a two-speed, but that's a lot of intricate mechanicals and it represents potential reliability issue. So we've taken a different approach. So we have two axles. We have the torque axle on the front and that's geared for acceleration for hill climb. Those big power maneuvers. And then we have a separate axle that is geared for efficiency.
这段话翻译成中文并保持易读性可以是：
"电动机的转速对其运作有没有任何影响呢？比如，如果你在后端安装了一个双速齿轮箱。当速度达到60以上，转速减少一半时，是否能省电？这是个很好的问题。电动机在扭矩和功率曲线方面的运作与发动机有所不同。它们通过齿轮解决许多需求。我们选择了不同的策略，所以没有换挡。我们可以使用双速设计，但那涉及复杂的机械结构，可能带来可靠性问题。所以，我们采取了不同的方法。我们有两个轴：前轴是扭矩轴，用于加速和爬坡等大功率操作；而另一个轴则专为效率而设计。"
So when you get to highway speed, the torque axle actually completely disengages. The wheels are still on the ground, but there's nothing spinning internal that could be drag that would have an efficiency penalty. So we try to give you really smooth torque delivery throughout the entire band, all the power you need, but then also get to maximum efficiency when you're out on the highway. Yeah, it's interesting. I have a white steam car. 19-0, 19, well, I got a bunch of 19-10, 19-7. And they have a two-speed rear end. And the idea being that you well, your evolution is totally different. A gas car trying to get the heat out, steam car trying to keep the heat in. But the two-speed rear end works, it's the only steam car that's developed with the two-speed rear end because with a thousand foot pounds of torque from zero, you don't really need it, but it just drops the revs and the amount of vibration and everything.
所以当你达到高速公路的速度时，扭矩轴实际上会完全脱离。车轮仍在地面上，但内部没有任何旋转的部分会造成阻力，从而影响效率。因此，我们努力在整个过程中为您提供非常平滑的扭矩输出，提供所需的所有动力，并确保在高速行驶时达到最高效率。这确实很有趣。我有一辆古老的蒸汽车，大概是1900年代的，有几辆是1910年和1907年的。这些车有一个两速后轴。其设计理念是，你会发现其演变过程完全不同。汽油车试图把热量排出，而蒸汽车则努力保持热量。但两速后轴确实有效，这是唯一一款配置了两速后轴的蒸汽车，因为从零开始就有一千磅英尺的扭矩，实际上不太需要它，但它却能降低车速、振动和其他方面。
I mean, it's a fascinating, you would get a kick out of the white steam car. Yeah, it is truly an Edwardian scientific instrument. It has a thing called the flow motor. It all works on temperature and pressure. It's all mechanical, no electric. It's really the ultimate steam pump kind of vehicle. That's the, and real steam pump, not the phone-e-steam pump. I mean, it's pretty cool. The original Roadster actually had a two-speed. I know, I broke it. He brought it to the garage and I shifted and by the time I get back, it was in trouble. It couldn't take the tremendous amount of torque. Yeah, and now, we eventually biased towards a single-speed for all of our cars, but then with the advent of the plaid powertrain, we've taken a similar approach over here on semi of being able to increase the motor RPM, decrease the gap between the rotor and the stator.
这段话的意思是说，白色蒸汽汽车非常有趣，你一定会喜欢。它真的是一件爱德华时代的科学仪器。汽车上有一个叫做流量马达的装置，整个运作基于温度和压力，完全是机械操作，没有电子元件，是真正的蒸汽朋克风格的车辆，不是那种“假”蒸汽朋克。我觉得这很酷。原始的Roadster真的有两个挡位。我曾经弄坏过一个，当时他把车开到车库，我试着换挡，结果一回来车子就出问题了，承受不了巨大的扭力。后来，我们逐渐转向为所有的车只配备一个速度档，但随着Plaid动力系统的出现，我们在半挂车上采取了类似的方法，提高了电机的转速，缩小了转子与定子之间的间隙。
We've really been able to get a much flatter torque curve so that you don't get that power degradation as the RPM's getting near their top end. And so we have to really eliminate the need for that two-speed, but we've solved it here by doing just two different axle gear ratios entirely. Oh, that's interesting. Yeah. Well, I got something you'd also get a kick out of my Chrysler turbine car. Yeah. You know the story and that? I got it about 15 years ago. I only know of it. I don't know the story. Oh, the engine melted down on it. I mean, literally, and there's no parts. So we found 60 guys from the original team all over the age of 80. And they said, we'll build you a new motor, you just pay for parts.
我们确实已经能够实现一个更平坦的扭矩曲线，这样当转速接近最高点时，就不会出现功率下降的问题。因此，我们真的不再需要使用两速变速器，而是通过完全采用两种不同的车轴齿轮比来解决了这个问题。哦，这很有趣。是的，我还有件事你可能会感兴趣，我有一辆克莱斯勒的涡轮车。是吗？这故事你知道吗？我大约15年前买的。我只知道它，不知道具体的故事。哦，发动机彻底坏了，我是说它真的是融化掉了，而且完全找不到零件。所以我们找到了60个原团队成员，他们都已经超过80岁了。他们说，他们可以为我重建一个引擎，只要我支付零件费用。
So Williams' turbines and the Troy, his father worked on the original turbine car, right? He gives the clean room. And these guys had brought out all their engineering plans from 1962, all the ideas that they never got to incorporate, and they built a brand new turbine. I mean, it's fascinating. I'll show it to you. It's pretty amazing. Yeah, that type of engineering and innovation and willing to just try new things is it resulted in a lot of really cool stuff in the automotive space over the years. Oh, yeah. It's really, it is cool. Because even in 1906, a third was electric, a third was steam, and a third was in terms of combustion, and they didn't know which one was going to win. Yeah. You know, so it's interesting.
所以，威廉斯的涡轮机，以及特洛伊，他的父亲曾参与最初的涡轮车项目，对吧？他提供了无尘室。这些人带来了他们1962年的所有工程设计图纸和未曾实现的各种想法，并且他们建造了一台全新的涡轮机。我的意思是，这很吸引人。我会给你看看，确实很惊人。是的，这种工程和创新，以及敢于尝试新事物的精神，在多年来汽车领域带来了很多很酷的东西。哦，是的，真的很酷。因为即便在1906年，那时三分之一的汽车是电动的，三分之一是蒸汽的，还有三分之一是内燃机的，他们当时根本不知道哪一种会胜出。所以这很有趣。
Yeah, and now in the heavy trucks phase, while it's been dominated by diesel, we're really making a play to switch it to electric. And it's not just because from a sustainability point, it's great. It's really about economics. Right. On a per mile basis, this truck is from an energy standpoint, 50% cheaper to run here in California. When we talk about across the US, we're about, we're nearly 20% cheaper on a per mile basis, and that's inclusive of everything, not just energy, whether it's reduced maintenance, and just fuel as well. So we're really talking about total cost of ownership, being substantially less, which will really get a lot of people to adopt it.
是的，目前在重型卡车阶段，虽然柴油一直占主导地位，但我们正在努力推动向电动转变。这不仅仅是因为电动卡车在可持续发展方面的优势，更重要的是经济因素。对吧？就每英里的成本而言，在加州，这种电动卡车从能源角度来看运行成本要便宜50%。放眼全美，我们的每英里成本几乎便宜20%，这包括了所有的费用，不仅是能源，还有降低的维护成本和燃料成本。因此，我们真正强调的是总体拥有成本大幅降低，这将促使更多人接受这种新模式。
You know, I used to love the Chevy Volt with the paddles here. Rather than use the brake, it squeezed the paddles to increase the amount of regen. Yeah. And I just like that there, like I watch it. Oh, I can't do much. Oh, yeah. Yeah, we've really moved towards just controlling that throttle, including regen with your foot. And Ford cancels their electric lightning, the F-150. Yeah. I'm hopeful that they're making new investments into a new platform that will allow them to go to electric at scale and profitably, because we want more players in this space. Whether it's on the light duty side or on the heavy duty side, we can't go this alone.
你知道吗，我曾经很喜欢雪佛兰Volt的换挡拨片。与其使用刹车，它通过拨片来增加再生制动的力度。是的，我很喜欢这一点，我就这样看着它。哦，我不能做太多事情。哦，是的。现在我们真的转向只用脚来控制油门，包括再生制动。而福特取消了他们的电动Lightning F-150车型。是的。我希望他们正在对一个新平台进行投资，以便在大规模生产电动车时实现盈利，因为我们希望这个领域有更多的参与者。无论是轻型车还是重型车，我们不能单独行动。
I really need everybody all in. I thought the lightning was a great vehicle. It was a nice transition. I had all the truck, you know, switched gear and everything. I drove for a while and then I saved a fortune again. Yeah. I mean, it's so incredibly easy to drive. You get a commanding view of the road. It's way as pretty good. Yeah. And that's the feedback we consistently get from drivers. And we do a lot of demos with our customers. So, and we'll work with small or big fleets, and they can demo the truck for several weeks, put it in their operations, and make sure it's going to work for them.
我真的需要大家全力以赴。我觉得那辆Lightning车非常出色，这是一个不错的过渡选择。我把所有的卡车装备和东西都换了。开了一段时间之后，我又省了一大笔钱。是的，我的意思是，这辆车开起来非常简单，你可以轻松掌握路面情况。这个车重也很不错。对，这是司机们持续反馈给我们的意见。我们也经常给客户做演示，无论是小型还是大型车队，他们都可以试驾卡车几个星期，把它投入他们的业务中，以确保它对他们有用。
And the consistent feedback that they give us is the worst part of the demo is we have to give the truck back. Right. Right. So, we've been really proud of what we've been able to showcase, and now we've got a lot of a long list of interesting customers. We get at the question a lot, why did we get into the heavy truck space? And the reason is that the medium space, as opposed to doing a delivery van or, you know, some type of walk-in van, that space is a little tough because you're not actually consuming that much fuel.
他们一直给我们的反馈是，演示中最糟糕的部分就是他们必须把卡车还回来。我们对能展示的成果感到非常自豪，现在有了很多有趣的客户。常常有人问我们，为什么要进入重型卡车领域？原因是，与其做送货车或者其他类型的小型货车，不如进入中型领域，因为那一块的油耗其实并不大。
You're going low speeds, short distance throughout the day. And so, especially early on when you're trying to bring electric vehicles to scale, and there's price premium, it's really difficult to pay back that investment. Well, to me, it's kind of like the restaurant industry. You're going to make money at the high end. Yeah. Or make money at the low end. So, when you open a denny's or a sit-down restaurant with a waitress in a tip, that's where you that's where you suffer. Yeah. You go to a regular restaurant with your friend, it's 60 bucks. What do we have? Right.
你全天都在以低速行驶且行驶距离较短。因此，尤其是在早期想要将电动车大规模推向市场的时候，因为价格偏高，收回投资成本真的很困难。在我看来，这有点像餐饮业。你可能在高端赚到钱，也可能在低端赚钱。但如果你开了一家类似Denny's这样的家庭餐厅，或者有服务员和小费的坐式餐厅，这样的经营就会比较辛苦。你和朋友去普通餐厅，可能花了60美元，但却不知道自己吃了些什么。
And so, here in the heavy truck space, on the high end of the vehicle classes, you have that fuel consumption, that energy throughput that allows you to make a return on your investment of buying a new truck. So, that's been the thesis the entire time. Right. We went from light duty side all the way up to the class eight trucks and skipped the middle. Yeah, one of the things that we did, I saw you looking to make that do her, is we've updated the mirror, made it a little longer to give you from, if you're hauling a trailer without ever moving the mirror, you can see all the way from the top of the trailer down to your drive tires, you're on the tractor.
在重型卡车领域，高级别车辆的燃料消耗和能量流通允许你通过购买新卡车来获得投资回报。这一直是我们的基本理念。我们从轻型车辆直接跳到了八级卡车，中间的忽略了。是的，我们所做的其中一项改进，就是我看到你想做的是，我们更新了后视镜，使其稍微加长了一点，这样即使拖着挂车不移动后视镜，你也可以从挂车的顶部一直看到驱动轮胎的位置。
And that just gives you really good visibility of what's going on next to you. Does this have adjustable suspension? Yeah, so it does. So, it has an air suspension. Yeah. And it's really valuable when trying to pick out the trailer, for example, because you want to duck underneath it and then lift it up. So, having that ride height adjustability is really critical. And then at low speed, you can run a higher ride height if you need to clear an obstacle, for example.
这可以让你很好地看到你周围发生的事情。这个设备有可调节的悬挂系统吗？是的，有的。它配备了空气悬挂系统。这在例如挂接拖车时非常有用，因为你需要降低车辆高度以便进入拖车底部，然后再将车辆抬高。因此，能够调节驾驶高度非常关键。此外，在低速行驶时，如果需要避开障碍物，你可以增加车身高度。
Yeah, it's the last time that we drove J, you were driving the 500 mile range truck, our long range. Right. And this is the 325-erge in our standard range. Same power, basically. Most of the vehicle is the same. It's the same drive train to the back. The whole, the cab is the same, the front axle is the same. It's really the middle. Essentially, on the long range truck, we have three batteries in parallel. Right. And on the standard range truck, what we do is we remove that battery and shrink the wheelbase accordingly.
是的，上次我们开车的时候，你开的那辆是续航500英里的长续航卡车。对吧。而这次是我们的标准续航车，续航325英里。动力基本相同。大部分车辆配置也一样。驱动系统还是相同的，驾驶舱和前桥也是一样的。主要区别在中间部分。长续航卡车上有三个并联的电池。而标准续航卡车上，我们去掉了一个电池，同时相应地缩短了轴距。
So, you end up with a lighter, less expensive, more maneuverable tractor. Right. So, if you don't need the big energy that the long range provides, this is a great truck, especially for those urban routes going to the port, doing deliveries. And you can pull exactly the same load, right? Same load. Yeah, zero compromise in K-9 L8. Yeah, acceleration is very good. Yeah. It helps, especially, when you're coming off a stoplight, for example. If you're other drivers around, you're no longer have to worry about getting stuck behind that slow truck. And you want to zoom past or try to duck in. So, you know, that experience has been welcomed by the drivers that have had a chance to operate this.
所以，你最终得到的是一台更轻巧、更便宜、更灵活的拖拉机。对。如果你不需要长距离运输所需的大功率，这就是一款很棒的卡车，特别适合那些去港口或送货的城市路线。而且你可以拖载完全相同的货物，对吧？是的，载重量完全没有妥协。而且加速性能也非常好，特别是在红绿灯起步的时候。如果周围有其他车辆，你再也不用担心被慢车挡住，想超车或者迅速并线。驾驶过这种车的司机都非常欢迎这种驾驶体验。
Yeah, we're really excited to bring this vehicle to high volume production this year. We're opening our factory outside of Reno Nevada right next to our Giga Factory. We do batteries and motors for our other cars. So, you just build these. No sedans or. That's right. It's a ground-up, new factory exclusively for the semi. That's great. Yeah, it's awesome that we're going to get to reinvest in that same area. And by going to high volume, a factory that could do 50,000 units a year, we're really able to drive down costs and make this economically viable throughout the U.S.
是的，我们非常高兴今年能够将这款车辆实现大量生产。我们正在内华达州里诺市外建设一座新工厂，就在我们的超级工厂旁边。我们为其他汽车生产电池和电动机。 所以，这次你们只制造这些（半挂车）？没错，这是一个全新的工厂，专门为半挂车而建。这太棒了。是的，很高兴我们能在同一个地区再次投资。通过实现高产量，一个每年能生产5万台的工厂，我们确实能够降低成本，使这种产品在整个美国具有经济可行性。
And then we also plan to take this design and bring the truck to Europe as well. And no airbrake? No, this truck does have airbrakes. Oh, that's not. Yeah, so standard air friction brakes, it is unique. And you might occasionally hear some valve clicking and that is this is a brake by wire system in that you're commanding some valves to move. So, it's still pneumatically actuated. Yeah. But it is electronically controlled. So, it gives you a really high degree of oxygen and we're excited to be bringing that system to a market here in the U.S. Because the other thing is all the trailers out there have airbrakes. So, we need to be able to interface with. Right.
然后我们还计划将这个设计引入欧洲市场。没有空气刹车吗？不是的，这辆卡车确实有空气刹车。哦，那就好。是的，它是标准的空气摩擦刹车，这有些特别。你可能偶尔会听到一些阀门的咔嗒声，那是因为这是一种线控刹车系统，你是在命令一些阀门移动。因此，它依然是通过气动来驱动的，但控制是电子的。这让你可以实现很高的精度，我们很高兴将这一系统引入美国市场。另一个原因是，因为市场上的所有挂车都使用空气刹车，所以我们需要能够与其配合使用。没错。
Yeah, of course that makes it. And not need a custom trailer. Yeah, so we have a lot of the same user interface components that we do on the car side. We also bring in some truck flare to it for the additional controls the driver needs. But then we will do a similar routing. So, if you ask the truck where you want it to go, it will route you accordingly using only valid truck routes. Right. And then in addition, it will. If you need to route to one of our public charging stations for semi-trucks. So, one of our mega-chargers that will do that exact same behavior that you might have in your car where it preps the car for charging, it tells you what the station availability is.
好的，当然这样就更好了。而且不需要定制的挂车。是的，所以我们有很多在小轿车上使用的相同用户界面组件。我们还为卡车增加了一些特殊功能，以满足司机的额外控制需求。不过，我们会进行类似的导航。如果你告诉卡车你想去哪里，它会使用符合卡车通行条件的路线为你导航。对的，此外，它还会在你需要时，为你导航到我们的公共半挂车充电站。这样我们的超级充电器会像你在车中那样运行：为充电预备车辆，并告诉你充电站的空闲状态。
So, we really want to bring that seamless charging experience over to the truck. So, Jay, what do you think of the seat? Seat's right comfortable. Yeah, so the seat is actually a fully in-house Tesla design. Is that right? Yeah. We know that drivers really like to have a comfortable seat and so we wanted to put a high premium on that. And does it recline as well? It does, yeah, it will be on your left side there. Yep. And we're doing a couple different things that are neat there. One is that so your recline position for example, that's stored to memory, so your driver profile.
所以，我们非常希望将这种无缝的充电体验带到卡车上。那么，Jay，你觉得座椅怎么样？座椅非常舒适。是的，这个座椅完全是特斯拉自主设计的。是吗？没错。我们知道司机们非常喜欢一个舒适的座椅，因此我们非常注重这一点。座椅可以倾斜吗？可以的，它就在你左边。对了，我们在这里做了一些有趣的设计，比如你的座椅倾斜位置可以存储到记忆里，作为你的驾驶员个人设置的一部分。
So, any driver that gets into any one of our trucks, their seat position and their settings come with them. No, I see. So, that way if you're in a fleet, it always feels like it's your truck. Very good. And then also we've brought over an electric retractor and allows it to really sense seat belt usage, but also in the event of an incident, we can cinch down and really keep the driver well secured during an accident. Nice turning radius. Yeah, the turning radius. That's pretty amazing. Yeah, the turning radius and our trucks are really good, but in the standard range in particular, it's about the same as our model for your model walk.
好的，这样的话，任何驾驶员上我们的卡车时，他们的座椅位置和设置都会随之调整。明白了，这样即使在车队中，也总能感觉像是在自己的卡车里。非常好。另外，我们还引入了一个电动收紧装置，可以感应安全带的使用情况，并在发生事故时收紧安全带，以确保驾驶员在事故中得到更好的保护。转弯半径很出色。是的，转弯半径确实很惊人。我们的卡车，尤其是标准车型的转弯半径，非常棒，和我们的某一款车型差不多。
Yeah, that's pretty amazing. Yeah, the independent front suspension enabled a high degree of wheel cut. And it goes a little bit back to what Franz was talking about with rethinking the shape of everything. It gives us that high wheel cut for greater maneuverability. You never have any overheating issues with electric motor, do you? Do you or do you? It's impossible. I mean, you can. Yeah, it's possible, but we've designed the truck that you can pretty much take on any highway grade, which is usually where the motors are getting stressed.
是啊，这真的很了不起。是的，独立前悬挂系统实现了很大的车轮转向角度。这有点回到了Franz所说的重新思考一切的形状。它给了我们更大的车轮转向角度，从而提高了机动性。你从来没有遇到过电动机过热的问题，对吧？有没有可能会过热？其实是可能的，但我们设计的卡车几乎可以在任何高速公路坡度上行驶，而这通常是电动机压力最大的时候。
Right. The hardest. You can take on any highway grade, and before you run into a thermal limit, you actually run out of grade because the hills are only so long. And so we've really optimized to give you performance consistent across regardless of what road type you run into. And what wear is an electric motor? I mean, in the old days, it would be the brushes. Yeah, you had the carbon brushes, then you had brushless motors. So what would wear out after a million miles? I mean, there's not much to wear out. Maybe some bearings, but that's about it. There's not much there.
好的，这是最难的部分。你可以应对任何道路坡度，在你碰到热极限之前，实际上坡度已经结束了，因为山坡的长度是有限的。因此，我们已经进行了优化以确保不管你驶上哪种类型的道路，性能都能保持一致。电动机的磨损是什么呢？在过去，磨损部件可能是刷子。是的，以前是碳刷，然后有了无刷电机。那么行驶一百万英里后，什么会磨损呢？其实没有多少东西会磨损。可能是一些轴承，但仅此而已，没有太多其他的东西。
And we're really confident in the design of the powertrain, right, to last that entire time. And even if you did have an issue, we're really, again, we're trying to bring over the reliability from our other platform. So the motor, actually, we share the same stator and we share the same inverter of what we do on Cybertruck. So it's a mass manufactured, high reliability, really well understood component. And if you do have an issue, we have service centers that we're putting around, but also we do a lot of service using mobile service. So we send technicians out in cars to come to where the truck is to help you, including roadside assistance. Because we know that if truck is down, you want to get it off the road as quickly as you can and back on the road. So we've really set up a service network accordingly to do that.
我们对动力系统的设计非常有信心，确保其能够长时间使用。即使出现问题，我们也正在努力将其他平台上的可靠性带过来。比如，电机的定子和逆变器与我们在Cybertruck上使用的相同，这些都是高可靠性且大量生产的组件，具有极高的成熟度。如果遇到问题，我们不仅在各地设有服务中心，还提供移动服务。我们会派技师驾车到达卡车所在地点为您提供帮助，包括路边援助。因为我们知道，一旦卡车出现问题，您希望尽快解决并让车辆重新上路。因此，我们专门建立了相应的服务网络来实现这一点。
Have you got a price on what one of these trucks is just yet? Or now? Yeah, we haven't disclosed pricing, but again, for most applications, pay back is in the first few years of operation and the bearings are running a diesel. One of the areas, Jay, that has changed since the last truck is the steering. So it's fully electric assist now. Oh, you mentioned that. Yeah, no more hydraulic. Yeah, and we think it's the first time that somebody's done it on electric, or a heavy duty platform. And it's a neat system. We've got two different power actuators. They're independently fed from power as well as communications. So they're very redundant. So that's really important when we talk about safety as well as any eventually autonomous.
你知道现在这些卡车的价格是多少吗？我们还没有公布具体价格。不过，对于大多数应用场景来说，成本可以在头几年就回本，尤其是在柴油车的基础上。杰，自从我们上次推出卡车以来，有一个变化就是转向系统。现在是全电动辅助的。哦，你提到过。对，现在没有液压系统了。我们认为这是首次在电动或重型平台上实现这样的设计。这个系统非常巧妙。我们有两个不同的动力执行器，并且它们的电力和通讯是相互独立的，所以非常有冗余性。在谈到安全性和未来的自动驾驶时，这是非常重要的。
There's no mechanical connection between the steering wheel and the front wheels. That correct? No, there is. So this is? Yeah, this is not steer by wire. It's an electric assist steering. Oh, that's interesting. Yeah. So they're still shafted by rather than doing the assist by hydraulic, which is a waste because it's just energy conversion. Right. We get to do it with pure electric. Now, is that mandated by law that you must have a mechanical connection? No, it's not. And the Cybertruck, for example, is full steer by wire. Yeah, that's what I thought. Yeah, that's what I thought. I thought, oh, I thought maybe with heavy duty trucks, you must, you know, case of the failure, you must have a manual. No, no, it's interesting.
方向盘和前轮之间没有机械连接。是这样吗？不，不对，是有机械连接的。那么这是？对，这不是线控转向，这是电动助力转向。哦，那很有趣。是的，他们仍然是通过轴连接，但不再用液压助力，因为那样只是能量转换的浪费。现在我们可以用纯电动的方式进行助力。有没有法律规定必须要有机械连接？不是，没有。例如，Cybertruck就是全线控转向。哦，我明白了，我还以为重型卡车必须要有手动备份，以防故障呢。不，没有这样的规定。这很有趣。
And everything's still moved by truck, doesn't it? It's like when the trucks took away from the railroad, you know? Yeah, I mean, it's not in a world yet where they're transporting something other than trucks. Trucks are still the main thing, isn't it? That's right. Yeah, it's about 65-ish percent of the United States are moved by truck and about 75 percent of the goods by value. Yeah. So, you know, trucking, there's a phrase, if you bought it, a truck brought it. Right. Right. Right. And, you know, they really run and they connect all the other forms of transportation. But it's amazing. They're only heavy trucks. They're only about 1% of vehicles on the road. Right. But they account for 18-18% of fuel consumed because they're heavy, they're running fast, sure. All the time, and they're out for a long stretch of the day. So, you know, you're putting 100,000 plus miles on a heavy truck in a year.
所有东西仍然靠卡车运输，不是吗？就像当初卡车取代了铁路一样，对吧？是的，我的意思是，目前还没有一个世界是用其他东西来运输的。卡车仍然是主要的运输工具，不是吗？没错。在美国，大约65%的货物是通过卡车运输的，按价值计算大概有75%的货物是由卡车运送的。对，所以有句俗语说，如果你买到了某样东西，那是卡车带来的。对，对。你知道，它们确实运行良好，并且连接了所有其他形式的运输方式。令人惊讶的是，重型卡车只占道路车辆的约1%。但是，它们占了大约18%的燃料消耗，因为它们重，速度快，一直在运行，而且每天跑很长时间。所以，一辆重型卡车一年可能跑超过10万英里。
But very good. Thanks for making me the first one, allowing me to the first one to drive it. It's very impressive. I've been a Tesla fan since the beginning because I just, you know, to me, the great thing about electric vehicles is they allow me to enjoy my internal combustion vehicles. And they set a safe, the gasoline for me, if that makes sense, you know what I mean? I mean, to me, the internal combustion stuff, hot rods, mustn'ts, like snowmobiles. You use them on weekends, recreation, you go to car shows, you do track days. When you do day-to-day transportation, going to the airport, running errands, electric just seems like the way to do it. And I think it's really smart to always have another form of propulsion in your back pocket, another form of energy in case war or something else gets in the way.
但是非常好。感谢让我成为第一个体验的人，成为第一个驾驶它的人。令人印象深刻。我从一开始就是特斯拉的粉丝，因为对我来说，电动车的一大优点就是让我还能享受内燃机的车辆。它们为我节省了汽油，如果这样说通的话，你懂我的意思吧？对我来说，内燃机的东西，比如改装车、肌肉车、像雪地摩托，你会在周末使用它们，娱乐时用，参加车展，或者赛道日的时候用。而日常的交通，比如去机场、办事，电动车似乎是更好的选择。我认为，随时准备另一种推进方式或能源，以防战争或其他事情带来影响，是非常聪明的做法。
So, Dan, thank you very much, my friends. Thank you so much. Yeah, the improvements in just a two years since your hair last is pretty amazing. And I like this kind of slow rollout. Let's not get it out there until it's ready. And this is the air it's ready, isn't it? It's ready. We're going to high volume this year and we're looking forward to getting into the hands of any driver that wants it. There you go. So, we'll see you on the road. And I hope you enjoyed this little bit of new technology. I certainly did. It's really exciting. It's great fun to see. Thanks guys. They're preaching it in France. Thank you very much. Hey, and finish my roadster. Will you please? Thank you very much. All right. See you guys next week.
所以，丹，非常感谢你，我的朋友。非常感谢。是的，仅仅两年间的进步实在令人惊叹。我喜欢这种缓慢的推出方式，不到成熟时刻绝不发布。而现在，时候到了，对吧？已经准备好了。今年我们将大规模生产，并期待着让任何想要的司机都能使用。就这样了，我们路上见。我希望你喜欢这项新技术，我自己确实很享受。这真是令人兴奋，看着它真是乐趣无穷。谢谢大家。他们在法国推广这个。非常感谢。还有，能不能完成我的跑车？谢谢啦。好的，下周见。