Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick says new tariffs here to stay
发布时间 2025-04-06 17:31:51 来源
It is shaping up to be another turbulent week as President Trump's trade war with the world escalates. The global sell-off triggered by President Trump's tariff announcements wiped out more than $6 trillion of wealth from the U.S. stock market in just two days. In a social media post yesterday, the president urged the country to hang tough. All this, as tens of thousands of people took to the streets yesterday from Washington, DC to Minnesota and Columbus, Ohio, protesting many of Trump's policies, Elon Musk, and tariffs.
随着特朗普总统与全球的贸易战升级，这一周似乎又将是动荡不安的一周。特朗普总统宣布的关税政策引发了全球股市抛售，仅两天时间，美国股市市值就蒸发了超过6万亿美元。昨天，总统在社交媒体上呼吁全国民众坚守立场。同时，成千上万的人从华盛顿特区到明尼苏达州以及俄亥俄州的哥伦布走上街头，抗议特朗普的多项政策、埃隆·马斯克以及相关关税措施。
We begin this morning with Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnik, Mr. Secretary, welcome to face the nation. It's great to be here. We see about 60 percent of Americans have money in the stock market, which means that retirees could be just as concerned as hedge fund managers this morning. Could you expect this level of shock in the financial markets? Well, you've got to realize this is a national security issue. I mean, we don't make medicine in this country anymore. We don't make ships. We don't have enough steel and aluminum to fight a battle, right?
我们今天早上请到了商务部长霍华德·卢特尼克，部长先生，欢迎做客《面对国家》。很高兴来到这里。我们看到大约60%的美国人在股市中有投资，这意味着今早退休人员和对冲基金经理一样关心市场。您能预料到金融市场会有这样的震荡吗？这涉及到国家安全问题。我们的国家已经不再生产药品，也不再制造船只。我们甚至没有足够的钢铁和铝来打一场战争，对吧？
All our semiconductors are made overseas, so every button we press when we try to start our car or even use our microwave. These are all semiconductors. They're all made elsewhere. We've got to start to protect ourselves, and we've got to stop having all the countries of the world ripping us off. We have a $1.2 trillion trade deficit, and the rest of the world has a surplus with us. They're earning our money. They're taking our money.
我们所有的半导体都是在海外制造的，这意味着不论是像启动汽车这样的动作，还是使用微波炉，这些设备中用到的都是半导体，而且都不是在本地生产的。我们必须开始保护自己，不再让全世界的国家占我们的便宜。我们有1.2万亿美元的贸易逆差，而其他国家在和我们的贸易中赚得盆满钵满。他们在赚我们的钱，占我们的便宜。
Donald Trump has seen this, and he's going to stop it. So it is going to be a big change. Of course, it's going to be a big change, but the rest of the world has been ripping us off for all these many years. Donald Trump has seen it. He's spoken about it. I understand that. And he's just not going to take it anymore. That's his model.
唐纳德·特朗普已经注意到了这个问题，并准备加以制止。所以将会有一个巨大的变化。当然，这将是一个巨大的变化，因为多年来其他国家一直在占我们的便宜。唐纳德·特朗普已经看到了这一点，他也谈论过这个问题。我理解这一点。他就是不打算再忍受下去了。这就是他的态度。
And that was abundantly clear during the presidential campaign, how much the president truly believes in tariffs and putting him at the center of his economic policy. But you saw absolute panic in the global markets. Did you expect that or were you surprised? No, I think the point is you need to reset the power of the United States for America, and reset it against all our allies and our enemies alike.
在总统竞选期间，这一点非常清楚：总统非常相信关税政策，并将其置于经济政策的核心。但全球市场出现了明显的恐慌。你对此有预料，还是感到意外？我的观点是，我们需要重新设定美国的实力，无论是对盟友还是对敌人都一样。
The idea that all the countries of the world can run trade surpluses with America and buy our things with us. Remember, $1.2 trillion in 1980, we were a net investor, meaning we owned more of the rest of the world than they owned the vote. Yes, it's a different world. And now they own $18 trillion of us net. So that means the rest of the year, when we run a $1.2 trillion deficit, the rest of the world buys $1.2 trillion of America. And it goes up and up and up.
世界上所有国家都可以与美国进行贸易顺差并购买我们的商品，这种想法似乎不太现实。回想一下，1980年时，我们的净投资额为1.2万亿美元，这意味着我们拥有的国外资产超过他们拥有的美国资产。如今，情况发生了变化，他们净持有美国资产达18万亿美元。这意味着，今年剩下的时间里，我们会有1.2万亿美元的贸易逆差，而这1.2万亿美元的美国商品会被其他国家购买。而这种趋势仍在持续增加。
And eventually, we're not going to own America. And we are going to be owned by the rest of the world. Imagine if we had a war and we can't build a ship, we can't fly a plane, we can't build our own planes, we don't have our own semiconductors. This is what the president is here to fix for America. It's in his hands and he wants to fix America. This is his chance to fix America. So we need him to fix it for our children and our grandchildren.
最终，我们将不再拥有美国，而是被世界其他国家掌控。想象一下，如果我们爆发战争，我们不能制造船只，不能制造飞机，无法生产自己的飞机，没有自己的半导体。这就是总统要为美国解决的问题。这一切都在他的掌控中，他希望修复美国。这是他修复美国的机会，所以我们需要他为我们的子孙后代解决这些问题。
OK, but for businesses to do what you're doing, because what I hear you laying out there is a plan to re-industrialize the United States and to bring companies back to America, for a CEO to choose to invest. Well said. Well said. But for a CEO to make those decisions, you know this. They need certainty. They need to know if it costs them more to say overseas or if it costs them more to move here.
好的，但对于企业来说，要做到你正在做的事情，因为我听到你所描述的是一个让美国再工业化并将公司带回美国的计划。对于一个首席执行官来说，要选择投资，确实说得好。首席执行官在做出这些决策时需要确定性。他们需要知道，把业务放在海外是否花费更多，还是搬回美国花费更多。
So can you give them clarity so that they don't just cut jobs because they're dealing with the cost of these tariffs? Can you tell them how long they're staying in place? Absolutely. The United States of America is going to protect the people who invest in America. Trillions and trillions of dollars, you heard the president speak about it, are coming to invest in America. This is the economy of the world. We are the consumer of the world and companies need to build it here and we will protect them for building it here.
可以给他们一些明确的信息，以避免因为关税成本问题而直接裁员吗？可以告诉他们这些关税会持续多久吗？当然可以。美国会保护那些在美国投资的人。正如总统所说，有数万亿美元正在流入美国进行投资。美国是世界经济的中心，我们是全球最大的消费者，各公司需要在这里发展，我们将保护他们在这里的发展。
OK, so help the American workers? Yes. The workers are more expensive, but they're better. We're going to protect all the factories that come to America and that's what's coming here. OK, is the 10% tariff permanent? Well, remember this is a national security issue. I got it. Is the 10% tariff our budget deficit? You know the laws of America, the laws of America, he would like it to be that we need to protect the companies that invest here and we are going to protect the companies that invest here that is the policy of the United States of America.
好的，所以要帮助美国工人吗？是的。虽然工人成本更高，但质量更优。我们将保护所有来美国的工厂，这就是将要发生的。好的，10%的关税是永久的吗？要记住，这是一个国家安全问题。我明白了。10%的关税和我们的预算赤字有关吗？你知道美国的法律，美国的法律，他希望我们保护在这里投资的公司，而我们也将保护那些在这里投资的公司，这就是美国的政策。
That's why trillions of dollars are coming here. The rip off of the United States of America is over. All these companies are going to come and invest here. That's what they're doing. That's why they've committed trillions of dollars. They know this is the economy. OK, Mr. Secretary, this is the place to go. Mr. Secretary, the campaign is over. You won. So I'm asking what the plan is.
这就是为什么数万亿美元会流向这里。美国被剥削的时代已经结束。所有这些公司都会来这里投资。这就是他们正在做的事情。这就是他们为什么承诺投入数万亿美元的原因。他们知道这是繁荣的经济体系。好的，部长先生，这里就是应该去的地方，竞选已经结束，您赢了。所以我想知道接下来的计划是什么。
So the Treasury Secretary said on another network, we're going to hold the course. It's not the kind of thing you can negotiate away in days or weeks. That makes it sound like the tariffs are staying in place at least four days or weeks. Is that correct or is the president considering postponing implementation to negotiate? There is no postponing. They are definitely going to stay in place for days and weeks. That is sort of obvious.
财政部长在另一个网络上表示，我们将保持当前的政策。这不是短时间内可以通过谈判解决的事情。听起来关税至少会保持数天或数周。是这样的吗？或者总统是否在考虑推迟实施以进行谈判？不会推迟。关税肯定会持续数天和数周。这是显而易见的。
The president needs to reset global trade. Everybody has a trade surplus and we have a trade deficit. We are paying away our future and our lives; the countries of the world are ripping us off. And it's got to end. The president has made it crystal clear. This is the policy we are going to protect. The factories that come build in America, we are going to protect them. They're going to be successful. That's why they're going to build in America. The greatest economy on earth.
总统需要重新调整全球贸易。每个国家都有贸易顺差，而我们却有贸易逆差。我们正在为此付出未来和生活代价；世界各国都在占我们的便宜。这必须结束。总统已经对此表达得非常明确。这是我们将要保护的政策。在美国建设的工厂，我们将保护它们。它们将会成功。这就是为什么它们要在美国建设。因为美国是地球上最伟大的经济体。
All of these companies are going to come and build here. So when three of the president's other economic advisors who are on other networks today say that 50 different countries have been calling the White House to try to talk about the tariffs, what does that mean? Because that makes it sound like there is a negotiation, which is different from saying the tariffs are permanent. Well, what it shows is that all these countries know that they've been ripping us off and the day has come for that to end.
所有这些公司都会来这里建设。因此，当总统的其他三位经济顾问在其他频道上说，有50个不同国家一直在打电话给白宫试图讨论关税问题时，这意味着什么？因为这听起来像是在进行谈判，这与说关税是永久性的不同。那么，这表明所有这些国家都知道他们一直在占我们的便宜，而结束这一天已经到来了。
Now the problem is it's not just tariffs. Like I'll give you an example. Like Vietnam said they'd like to be zero zero. Remember, Vietnam sends us $120 billion worth of goods every year. And we send them about $12 billion. Wait, we send them $12 billion. So it's not the tariffs. It has nothing to do with tariffs. If they went to zero zero, they would go to $200 billion with us. We need to stop the ripoff and zero zero is the way to make our money.
现在的问题不仅仅是关税。我给你举个例子，比如越南说他们想要实现所谓的“双零关税”。要知道，越南每年向我们出口价值1200亿美元的商品，而我们仅向他们出口价值120亿美元的商品。等等，我们才向他们出口120亿美元。所以问题并不在于关税，这与关税无关。如果实行“双零关税”，他们对我们的出口额可能升至2000亿美元。我们需要停止被剥削，“双零关税”才是我们赚取收入的方法。
No, we don't have zero zero, sir. We don't have zero zero actually because when we saw the president standing in the rose garden holding up that chart that you helped make, that wasn't actually tariffs. That was actually confusing to investors because it was some kind of other formula and the countries themselves seemed kind of random. Like why are the herd and McDonald islands, which don't export to the United States and are quite literally inhabited by penguins? Why do they face a 10% tariff? Did you use AI to generate this?
不，我们没有零零，先生。实际上，我们没有所谓的“零零”，因为当我们看到总统站在玫瑰园里举着您帮助制作的那张图表时，那其实不是关税。这对投资者来说很困惑，因为那是某种其他公式，而且涉及的国家似乎也很随机。比如，赫德岛和麦克唐纳群岛，它们并不向美国出口产品，而且那里的居民实际上是企鹅，为什么它们要面临10%的关税呢？您是用人工智能生成这个的吗？
No, no, the idea, look, the idea is. Why are they on the list? Because the idea, what happens is if you leave anything off the list, the countries that try to basically arbitrage America go through those countries to us. Any country, like we had tariffs, the president put tariffs on China, right, in 2018, and then what China started doing is they started going through other countries to America. Right. They just built through other countries through America and so the president knows that he's tired of it and he's going to fix that.
不不，这个想法是这样的。为什么他们会出现在名单上？因为，如果你漏掉任何一个国家，那些试图通过其他国家来规避美国的国家，就会通过这些国家进入美国。比如说，2018年美国总统对中国施加了关税，然后中国就开始通过其他国家把货物运到美国。他们通过其他国家的途径把货物运往美国。所以总统已经厌倦了这种情况，他准备解决这个问题。
So basically he said, look, I can't let any part of the world be a place where China or other countries can ship through them. Through them. Through those loopholes, these ridiculous loopholes and now what he's trying to say is, I'm going to fix the trade deficit of the United States of America. It's a national security issue. We need to make medicine. We need to make semiconductors. We need to make ships. We need to have steel and aluminum. Come on, we need the greatness of America to actually be built in America and he's tired of getting ripped off by the rest of the world.
他基本上是在说，我不能允许任何地方成为中国或其他国家通过的途径，通过那些荒谬的漏洞。现在他想表达的是，我要解决美国的贸易逆差问题。这是一个国家安全问题。我们需要生产药品、半导体、船只，我们需要拥有钢铁和铝。我们需要让美国的伟大真正由美国自己打造，他厌倦了被世界其他国家占便宜。
Okay, but just to be clear, April 9th, the so-called retaliatory tariffs, the reciprocal tariffs, I should say. Are those coming or are they open to negotiation? The tariffs are coming. He announced that and he wasn't kidding. The tariffs are coming. Of course they are.
好的，但为了明确说明，4月9日所谓的报复性关税，也就是互惠关税，我应该这么说。那些关税是否会实施还是可以谈判？关税会实施。他已经宣布了这件事，并且他不是开玩笑。关税会实施，当然会。
Okay. Is the administration considering any kind of offset, any kind of subsidy? You mentioned the first administration. There was some bailout to farmers to help them deal with the pain from Chinese retaliation. Are you looking at that now? I'm not that I have not participated in any meetings with respect to that. The country is focused on, you realize, trillions of dollars of factories are going to be built in America. That's huge GDP.
好的。政府是否在考虑任何形式的补偿或补贴？您提到过第一届政府曾对农民进行过一些纾困，以帮助他们应对中国的报复措施。你们现在有考虑类似措施吗？我并没有参与过相关的会议。国家目前的关注点是，你知道，美国将兴建价值数万亿美元的工厂。这将对GDP产生巨大影响。
The factories being built in America are huge. That takes years and you said that robots are going to fill those jobs. So those aren't union- No, it's really automated. It's automated factories, automated factories. That the key is who's going to build the factories, who's going to operate the factories, who's going to make them work great American workers. You know, we are going to replace the army of people. You said robots. Well, remember the army of millions and millions of human beings screwing in little screws to make iPhones.
在美国建造的工厂非常庞大。这需要数年时间，而你提到这些工作将由机器人来完成。所以这些工作并不是工会性质的——不，这些是自动化工厂，自动化工厂。关键在于谁来建设这些工厂，谁来运营这些工厂，谁来让它们运作得更好——就是伟大的美国工人。我们将替代成千上万的人力，你提到了机器人。想想那些数百万用螺丝刀拧紧小螺丝来组装iPhone的人。
That kind of thing is going to come to America. It's going to be automated and great Americans. The trade craft of America is going to fix them. It's going to work on them. They're going to be mechanics. They're going to be HVAC specialists. There's going to be electricians. The trade craft of America, our high school educated Americans, the core to our workforce, is going to have the greatest resurgence of jobs in the history of America to work on these high-tech factories, which are all coming to America.
这样的事情将会在美国实现。这将是自动化的，给美国人带来巨大的好处。美国的技术工人将会修理和维护这些设备。他们将成为技工、暖通空调专家和电工。美国的技术工人，高中教育水平的美国人，我们劳动力的核心，将在美国历史上迎来最大的就业复兴，工作在这些高科技工厂中，而这些工厂将悉数来到美国。
That's what's going to kill the next generation of America. Are you concerned in the time it will take for a company to move to America that it will benefit China in the immediate term that other markets will look to other suppliers instead of dealing with the United States? That is ridiculous. The problem is everyone in the world sells to us. Our economy is the consumer of the world. We are the only one with a trade deficit. The rest of the world has a trade surplus.
这就是将会扼杀美国下一代的原因。你是否担心，当一个公司迁往美国时，它会在短期内让中国受益，而其他市场可能会转向其他供应商，而不是与美国做生意？这种担心是荒谬的。问题在于世界各国都在向我们销售产品。我们的经济是世界的消费者。我们是唯一存在贸易逆差的国家，世界其他国家则都有贸易顺差。
Why does Europe have a trade surplus? Is there something about Europe that's special? Seriously, are they a different world than we are? Why are they selling 200 billion of these? Oh, Mr. Secretary. More to us. It's because it's not fair. The rules are made not fair, and President Trump is going to fix them, and he's doing it for America, and he's doing it for your children in mind and our grandchildren.
为什么欧洲有贸易顺差？欧洲有什么特别之处吗？真的，他们和我们是不同的世界吗？为什么他们能卖出2000亿这样的商品？哦，阁下。更多是因为对我们不公平。规则制定得不公平，特朗普总统会解决这些问题，他是为美国、为你们的孩子和我们未来的子孙着想而这样做的。
This is the moment that the United States of America takes hold of itself, and Donald Trump has been talking about this as hold life. This is Donald Trump's agenda, and we are all here to help him execute it. And we will take him at his word quite literally. Thank you, Mr. Secretary, for your time this morning.
现在是美利坚合众国掌握自己命运的时刻，唐纳德·特朗普称之为“掌握人生”。这是特朗普的议程，我们都在这里帮助他实施它。我们将毫不保留地相信他的承诺。感谢部长先生今天早上的时间。