Tesla vs Detroit | Appetite for Destruction | 4
发布时间 2022-04-27 07:01:00 来源
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嘿，Prime会员们，你们可以在亚马逊音乐上无广告收听《商业之战》。今天就下载这个应用吧。加入Wondery Plus、苹果播客或Wondery应用，早期无广告地收听《商业之战》。
A note to listeners, this episode contains adult content and language.
亲爱的听众们，这一集含有成人内容和用语，请注意。
This February 2015, a Tesla's corporate headquarters in Palo Alto, California. A Tesla Communications Manager looks up from his laptop to see a colleague get the door.
2015年2月，在加利福尼亚州帕洛阿尔托的特斯拉总部，一位通信经理正在电脑上工作，看到一位同事去开门。
Oh, hey, you want to order some lunch? I was thinking Chinese.
噢，嗨，你想订餐吗？我在考虑吃中餐。
I don't even think about Chinese food right now. You got to learn to separate food and business. Come on, have you seen the numbers? We're getting hammered by Chinese EVs and hybrids. We only sold 35-hundred cars there last year. Just way below what Elon projected, and on top of that, we lost woo.
现在我甚至没有想到中国食物。你必须学会分离饮食和业务。来吧，你见过数字吗？我们受到中国电动车和混合动力车的打击。去年我们在那里只卖了3500辆车。这远远低于埃隆预测的水平，而且我们还失去了Woo。
Tesla lured Veronica Woo away from Apple to lead Tesla's expansion. As company president in China, she wanted Tesla to partner with other car dealerships. Musk wasn't having it. After only nine months on the job, Woo left the company. That was a gut punch, but the buyers do love their Tesla's and are super active on social media.
特斯拉挖来了Veronica Woo离开苹果去领导特斯拉的扩张。作为中国公司总裁，她希望特斯拉与其他汽车经销商合作。马斯克不答应。Woo只在这份工作上任九个月就离开了公司。这给人很大的打击，但是买家们喜爱他们的特斯拉，并且在社交媒体上超级活跃。
That's what that loves going to disappear if they can't charge their electric cars. Nearly 75% of people in China's urban areas live in apartments where most can't charge their cars. And some owners say shared garage charging poses a fire hazard. Musk promised ten months ago that he would have a network of hundreds of high-speed supercharging stations soon. Right now there are only twenty-three, making potential customers nervous about buying.
如果他们无法给他们的电动汽车充电，那么这就是爱消失的原因。中国城市地区近75%的人居住在公寓中，大多数人无法充电他们的汽车。而一些车主表示，共享车库充电可能存在火灾危险。马斯克十个月前承诺他将很快建立数百个高速超级充电站的网络。但目前只有23个，这使潜在客户对购买感到不安。
And we have another problem. What's that? The Model S is pricey, which wealthy Chinese people love, but it's like a foot shorter than most luxury SUVs. You know, it's go big or go home in that market. The Model X will be in China next year, and it's tall, but just like the Model S, it's going to need a lot more supercharging stations. The Chinese government has a five-year plan to create charging stations for five million EVs by 2020. Musk has to make good on his promise of a free supercharger network. If he doesn't, he risks being left in the dust.
我们还有另一个问题。什么问题？Model S的价格很高，富裕的中国人喜欢，但它比大多数豪华SUV都矮一只脚。你知道，在这个市场上，就是要么大，要么回家。Model X明年将进入中国，它高大，但就像Model S一样，它需要更多的超级充电站。中国政府有一个为2020年为500万辆电动汽车建立充电站的五年计划。马斯克必须兑现他承诺的免费超级充电网络。如果他不这样做，就有被抛在后面的风险。
Hi, I'm Sarah Hagi, co-host of Wanderies Podcasts Scample Inswers. In our recent two-part series, Three Weddings and a Funeral, we dive into the story of a German con man who built an entire life on fake names, lies, and schemes, and the unlikely true-kind twist that brought this decades-long charade crashing down. Listen to Scample Inswers on Amazon Music or wherever you get your podcasts.
嗨，我是莎拉·哈吉，是《漫游·网络播客》中的《骗局揭秘》共同主持人。在我们最近的两集系列节目《三个婚礼和一场葬礼》中，我们深入探讨了一个德国骗子的故事，他通过虚假身份、谎言和阴谋建立了一整个人生，并且最后因为一个不太可能的转折而坍塌。您可以在亚马逊音乐或任何您获取播客的地方收听《骗局揭秘》。
From Wanderie, I'm David Brown and this is Business Wars. In our last episode, Tesla finessed a technological edge by partnering with Panasonic to make the gigafactory, a behemoth manufacturing facility that can produce millions of batteries to fill Tesla's mass production needs, a necessity if it's to dominate the threat from Motor City EVs. But now, as Tesla is poised to own the American EV market, new nightmares are on the horizon.
大家好，我是David Brown，这里是Business Wars。在上一集节目中，特斯拉通过与松下合作建立了gigafactory，这是一座庞大的制造工厂，可以生产数百万电池，满足特斯拉的大规模生产需求。这是一个必要的步骤，如果特斯拉要在摩托城电动汽车威胁中占据主导地位，则需要优越的技术优势。但是现在，随着特斯拉准备占领美国电动汽车市场的时候，新的噩梦正在出现。
This episode is Episode 4. Apatite for Destruction.
这一集是第四集，名为“破坏的食欲”。
It's October 2015 in Detroit. Two auto industry reporters are grabbing lunch at the popular Chef Greg's Soul in the Wall.
现在是2015年十月，在底特律。两位汽车行业记者正在受欢迎的Chef Greg's Soul in the Wall餐厅用餐。
Hey, glad you could make it. I ordered you a Boogey Lou Wonderland burger.
嘿，很高兴见到你来了。我为你点了一份“布吉路仙境汉堡”。
Nice. Jesus' traffic's insane. I can hardly wait till someone gives the self-driving car together. Then Mary Barr is going to make you a happy man.
太棒了。耶稣的交通状况真是糟糕透了。我真的很期待有人能把自动驾驶汽车制造出来。那么玛丽·巴尔就能让你成为一个快乐的人了。
Next year, Cadillac is going to have autonomous driving. They're calling it super-cruise. I think they're already testing a self-driving bull.
明年，凯迪拉克将推出自动驾驶功能，并称之为超级巡航。我想他们已经在测试一辆自驾的公牛了。
General Motors CEO, Barra, has announced plans to make sure the aging company is seen as a player as interest in EVs and self-driving cars. Mounds. She's calling for zero crashes, zero emissions and zero congestion. Can you believe the CEO of GM is saying that? The company who's bread and butter is those gas sucking trucks the size of freaking tanks.
通用汽车的首席执行官巴拉宣布了计划，确保这家老牌公司在电动汽车和自动驾驶汽车的兴趣持续高涨中被视为一名实力派。她提出了零事故、零排放和零拥堵的口号。你能相信通用汽车的CEO这样说吗？这家公司靠那些吞油如饮的像坦克一样大的卡车输出主营业务啊。
Yeah, they're going to have their work cut out for them, especially going up against the rich geeks. Apple and Google and Uber are all working on self-driving EVs. Yeah, and Mercedes, Audi and BMW too. Everybody's got something in the works.
是的，他们将面临很大的挑战，特别是与那些富有的极客竞争。苹果、谷歌和优步都在研发自动驾驶电动汽车。是的，梅赛德斯、奥迪和宝马也在研制自动驾驶汽车。每个人都有自己的研发项目。
Yeah, if you ask me, Tesla has the edge. Big time. Musk's even blabbing about how owners can upgrade the autopilot software at home. While he's saying that in three years, Tesla's won't even have steering wheels.
是的，如果你问我的话，特斯拉有很大的优势。马斯克甚至在嘴上说，车主可以在家里升级自动驾驶软件。他还说，三年后，特斯拉甚至不需要方向盘了。
Tesla's latest software allows the driver to turn on various self-driving features, like lane changing and auto-steering, side collision avoidance and parking. Yeah, but state and federal regulators are saying people have to keep their hands on the wheel, even if they're not controlling anything. And who the hell is libel if there's an accident? The car maker or the driver, Musk is saying Tesla won't cover accidents.
特斯拉最新的软件允许驾驶员开启各种自动驾驶功能，如车道变更、自动转向、侧面碰撞避免和停车等。但是，州和联邦监管机构正在说，即使他们没有控制任何东西，人们也必须把手放在方向盘上。如果发生事故，到底是汽车制造商还是驾驶员有责任？马斯克说特斯拉不会承担事故责任。
A waiter slides two plates of burgers in front of the man. The reporter's pounce on him, quietly contemplating for a moment, a future of self-driving cars.
一个服务员在这个男人面前放了两盘汉堡。记者们跳上前，安静地思考着一个自动驾驶汽车的未来。
Late October of 2015, at the offices of Consumer Reports Magazine in Yonkers, New York, I don't know what's happening in Silicon Valley, but the Model S has taken a dive. It sure is, growing pains, I guess. And editor in an automotive reviewer mulling over an article.
在2015年十月下旬，在纽约州的杨克斯市，我在Consumer Reports杂志的办公室里听到了这个消息。我不知道在硅谷发生了什么，但Model S的情况不太好。我猜这只是成长的阵痛罢了。这是一位汽车评论家在思考关于一篇文章的事情。
The magazine's reviews are some of the most respected and influential in the world, and not just for the auto industry. When the Model S debuted in 2012, the magazine gave it the highest rating of any card had ever reviewed. The endorsement helped boost the fledgling Tesla tremendously, especially in its war with Detroit.
这本杂志的评论是世界上最受尊重和有影响力的，不仅仅是汽车行业。当Model S在2012年首次亮相时，该杂志给出了任何汽车历史上最高的评分。这个认可大大促进了刚起步的特斯拉，特别是在与底特律的竞争中。
"We're going to drop our recommendation. I don't see we have a choice. I mean, we surveyed 1,400 Model S owners, and people are complaining about everything from power and charging problems to door handles that don't work."
我们将放弃我们的建议。我觉得我们别无选择。我的意思是，我们调查了1,400位Model S车主，他们抱怨从动力和充电问题到门把手不能用的一切。
"Yeah, I guess it's no fun getting locked out of your $127,000 car. You know, if Tesla's going to be a player on the Detroit level, they can't have this kind of thing happening."
嗯，我猜被锁在你127,000美元的车里一定不好玩。你知道，如果特斯拉想要在底特律一级的领域占据一席之地，就不能发生这种事情。
"I'll say one thing. Tesla owners are loyal as hell, and are surveyed 97% of them said they'd buy the same Tesla again."
我要说一件事。特斯拉的车主忠诚度非常高，有97%的车主在调查中表示他们会再次购买同样的特斯拉。
"Yeah, I get it. I'm a Cubs fan. Anyway, most of these cars are still under warranty, trying to fix this stuff when the warranty expires. Psh. It won't be cheap."
是的，我明白了。我是芝加哥小熊队的粉丝。总之，大多数汽车仍在保修期内，在保修过期后修理这些问题。哼。这不会便宜的。
Tesla reports with draws its recommendation, and that hits Tesla hard. It's stock drops by 10%. And all that's chased by a nasty wave of bad publicity, and more complaints are coming from under its own roof.
特斯拉发布了撤回建议，这给特斯拉带来了沉重的打击。其股票下跌了10%。随之而来的是恶劣的舆情浪潮，更多的投诉从特斯拉内部涌来。
In January 2016 at the Tesla factory in Fremont, California, the assembly line is humming around the clock.
在2016年1月，位于加利福尼亚州弗里蒙特的特斯拉工厂生产线日夜轰鸣。
"Look, Elon, these people need a break. They're exhausted. It's not sustainable."
"看啊，埃隆，这些人需要休息。他们筋疲力尽了，这样下去是不可持续的。"
Elon Musk is walking the factory floor with his deputy head of manufacturing, Josh Ensign. Musk spins around and glairs at Ensign.
伊隆·马斯克正在与他的制造副总裁乔什·恩辛一起走在工厂的车间。马斯克突然转身，瞪了恩辛一眼。
"A break? Are you kidding? We need to work faster. If we don't deliver this quarter, our investors will be pissed. We need to be doing 1000 cars a week by June."
“休息？你开玩笑吗？我们需要更快地工作。如果我们这个季度没有交付，我们的投资者会很恼火。我们需要在六月之前每周生产1000辆车。”
Ensign looks at Musk in shock.
安信官（Ensign）惊讶地看着马斯克（Musk）。
"Everyone worked hard last quarter, and we were only able to make about 500 cars. Elon, you want to double that? You're killing the crew."
上个季度大家都很努力，但我们只生产了大约500辆汽车。埃隆，你想把这个数字翻倍吗？你会累垮我们的团队的。
Maybe not killing. But injuries are mounting. Manufacturing quality suffers. Hundreds of Model X SUVs fresh off the assembly lines are idling in the parking lot, with unfixed problems.
也许不是杀死，但伤害正在增加。生产质量受影响。数百辆刚刚从生产线下线的 Model X SUV 停在停车场，还存在未解决的问题。
Musk's nerves are shot. He's barely sleeping, working around the clock himself. He stalks the factory floor, micromanaging his people as they rush to assemble the EVs.
马斯克的神经已经紧绷到了极限。他几乎没有睡觉，不停地工作。他在工厂里穿梭，对他的员工进行微观管理，指导他们赶着组装电动汽车。
Ensign is at Whitsend. He moves in close to Musk and locks eyes with him.
恩赛恩在怀特森德。他走近马斯克，目光锁定在他身上。
"Elon, we need to give people at least a weekend off or we're going to have a mutiny on our hands."
埃隆，如果我们不给员工们至少一周末休息，我们就会面临叛变。
Musk glairs at him.
Musk毫不客气地瞪着他。
"A weekend off, I could be on a private island with naked supermodels drinking my ties, but guess what? I'm not. I'm right here on the floor with everybody else busting my ass every day. So don't talk to me about people needing a freaking weekend off."
我有一个周末休息的机会，可以去一个私人岛屿，和一些裸体超模一起喝鸡尾酒，但是你猜怎么着？我没去。我和所有其他人一样，每天都在拼命地工作。所以别跟我说别人需要休个周末什么的。
Ensign watches the billionaire stalk off in a huff. He shakes his head thinking, the boss is lucky this isn't a union shop.
恩斯格尔看着这位亿万富翁愤怒地走开。他摇摇头想，老板很幸运这不是一个工会工厂。
In March, Musk announces via Twitter that Tesla is taking pre-orders for the Model 3. Buyers swamp Tesla stores armed with $1,000 deposits. Musk and the Tesla staff are blown away.
三月份，马斯克通过推特宣布特斯拉开始接受Model 3的预订。买家们带着1000美元的定金蜂拥而至特斯拉门店。马斯克和特斯拉员工都感到不可置信。
The Model S took months just to chalk up 3,000 pre-orders, but the Model 3 orders are already in the hundreds of thousands. The company's CFO predicts a gross revenue of $35 billion.
Model S花费了数月时间才获得了3,000个预定，但Model 3的订单已经达到了数十万份。公司的首席财务官预测总收入将达到350亿美元。
For the last decade, Musk has been telling anyone who listen. The Tesla will create a long range, truly affordable EV. Now, with the Model 3, he will make good on his promise for a mass-produced car for average consumers. It has a 200-mile range and a base model price tag of $35,000.
在过去的十年中，马斯克一直告诉任何愿意听的人，特斯拉将制造一款长续航、真正平价的电动汽车。现在，随着Model 3的推出，他将兑现他的承诺，为普通消费者生产大规模的汽车。它的续航里程为200英里，基本款售价为35,000美元。
Musk has been promising it will debut in 2017. But at the end of 2016, in Tesla's home state of California, General Motors beats Musk to the punch. Chevrolet's all-electric bolt goes on sale in the Golden State, and it begins selling nationally in early 2017. It has a 238-mile range on a single charge, and after incentives, costs about $30,000.
马斯克一直承诺在2017年面世。但在2016年末，特斯拉的总部所在地洛杉矶，通用汽车却胜过了马斯克。雪佛兰的全电动汽车Bolt在加利福尼亚州上市，并于2017年初开始在全国范围内销售。它一次充电可以行驶238英里，售价在政府补贴后约为30,000美元。
It's the culmination of the green vision of former GM executive Bob Lutz that began with a Chevy Volt, now carried on by CEO Mary Barra. The Bolt is Detroit's challenge to the Silicon Valley outfit.
这是前通用汽车高管鲍勃·卢茨的绿色愿景的巅峰之作，始于雪佛兰Volt，目前由CEO玛丽·巴拉继续推进。Bolt是底特律对硅谷机构的挑战。
Both the Bolt and Model S have a 200-mile range. The Bolt has more cargo space, but the Model S has more curb appeal.
“Bolt和Model S都能行驶200英里。Bolt有更多的货物空间，但Model S更有吸引力。”
But in October 2017, GM announces buyers will have dozens of options by 2023. In fact, the president of GM tells CBS that it's planning an all-electric future. It's not so much if it's just how fast. Mark Royce is president of General Motors. He says electric cars will no longer be a novelty for the rich. GM is now betting big on batteries, planning to launch 30 new electric vehicles across a wide range of price points in the next five years.
2017年10月，通用汽车宣布消费者在2023年将有数十个选择。事实上，通用汽车总裁告诉CBS，该公司计划实现全电动的未来。不再只是少数富人使用电动车，Mark Royce是通用汽车的总裁。他表示，通用汽车正在大力投资电池，计划在未来五年推出30款新的电动车，涵盖各种价格区间。
Shortly after GM's announcement, Ford says it'll spend nearly $4.5 billion to add 13 EVs to its green slate in the coming years.
GM宣布不久之后，福特表示未来几年将投入近45亿美元，以在其绿色车型中增加13个电动车型。
Despite all the hype, EVs and hybrids make up only about 1% of car sales in the US. But it's clear the iconic car makers are taking the once-disruptive EV movement seriously. And maybe hoping to beat Tesla at its own game. And now the war between Tesla and pretty much every other car maker has another battle front. Hands-free, autonomous driving. And that means it's not just going green that has people concerned. People's lives are at stake.
尽管有很多炒作，电动车和混合动力车在美国的汽车销售中只占约1%。但很明显，标志性的汽车制造商正认真对待这个曾经的颠覆性的电动汽车运动。也许希望在特斯拉的领域中打败他们。现在，特斯拉和几乎所有其他汽车制造商之间的战争又有了另一个战场。无人驾驶。这意味着人们关注的不仅仅是绿色环保，还关乎人们的生命安全。
Bad dates. We've all had them. Everyone can relate to them. And now it's time to celebrate them. I'm Drameter Jamil and each week I welcome my favorite comedian, celebrities and funny friends to share the romantic misfires that they based on the road to love, to shocking, or both. We'll have guests like Roy Wood Jr. She has a place to live, I don't. So I'm on my hobo sexual shit and I'm over there. I'm not sexual. Nikki Glazer. I dated this guy and I really liked him. One date he said, cool beans, seriously. And I quit not. And Conan fucking O'Brien. Let's just watch the swearing, okay? Don't worry for that F-bomb. This whole thing would be suitable for children. So come join us for bad date stories that will make you laugh a lot, cry a little, and cringe just enough. Follow bad dates wherever you get your podcasts. You can listen early and ad-free on the Amazon Music or Wondering app.
糟糕的约会，我们都经历过。每个人都能理解这种经历。现在，是时候庆祝这些经历了。我是Drameter Jamil，每周我都会邀请我最喜欢的喜剧演员、名人和有趣的朋友分享他们在爱的道路上或者在“震惊”的时刻所面临的浪漫“错误”。我们的客人包括Roy Wood Jr.，她有地方住，而我没有。所以我就变成了一个流浪人，去找她。我不是性感的。还有Nikki Glazer，我和这个家伙约会过，我真的很喜欢他。有一次约会他说，很酷，非常认真。我就没再联系他了。还有柯南·奥布莱恩。“让我们控制好语言，好吗？别担心那个“F-bomb”。这整个节目都适合孩子们观看。”所以，加入我们，听听糟糕的约会故事，让你捧腹大笑、有些泪目，还有一点尴尬。你可以在亚马逊音乐或Wondering应用上提早并免费收听“Bad Dates”系列播客。
It's early 2017 at the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration offices in Washington, DC. All right, so let's go over the basic facts again. Now 40-year-old man is driving a Tesla Model S at 74 miles an hour on a two-lane highway in Florida on a Saturday afternoon around 430. Good visibility, right? Right. That's when the semi-trailer crosses the highway. Two investigators are reviewing a tragic crash that occurred in May, a probe that they're about to close. So the truck didn't yield the right of way. So the Tesla driver goes under the trailer. It's the top of the car off. The vehicle hits a utility pole and ends up in someone's front yard. Drivers DOA. The Tesla was equipped with autopilot, the semi-autonomous cruise control feature. It's the first deadly incident involving a partly self-driving car. So I didn't the guy stop. A autopilot alerted him to keep his hands on the wheel seven times over a 37-minute drive. The software and braking system functioned as they were supposed to. Well, the conclusion we've come to is the truck was white. It blended in with the bright sky. Neither the driver or the autopilot sensor registered it, so the brakes didn't engage.
在2017年初的时候，在华盛顿特区的国家公路交通安全管理局办公室中进行调查。没错，我们再次回顾一下基本的事实。现在一位40岁的男子在佛罗里达的一条两车道高速公路上开着一辆特斯拉Model S车，时速74英里，这是在一个周六下午4点半左右。天气晴朗，能见度很好，对吧？对的。这时半挂车穿过公路。两名调查人员正在审查一场发生在五月份的悲剧事故，他们即将结束这项调查。所以卡车没有让路。所以特斯拉司机开上了半挂车。车顶被切断了。车撞上了公用事业杆，最后停在了某人的前院里。司机当场死亡。特斯拉装备有自动驾驶，这是一种半自主巡航控制功能。这是涉及到半自动驾驶汽车的第一起致命事件。所以那个人为什么没有停下呢？自动驾驶系统在37分钟的行驶中，在七次提醒他时，警告他要把手放在方向盘上。软件和制动系统的功能如预期一样正常运行。我们得出的结论是卡车是白色的，它与明亮的天空融为一体。司机和自动驾驶传感器都没有发现它，所以刹车无法起作用。
You can't fault Tesla. In the months after the fatal crash, the company issues software upgrades and a function that would disable autopilot if a driver ignores a warning three times. The last thing Musk needs is bad publicity around autopilot just as the Model 3 is set to debut. But the NHTSA probe clears Tesla. And there's more good news. The Federal probe actually finds that the overall crash rate of Tesla cars once autopilots installed dropped 40%. The findings give Tesla a momentous bump on Wall Street. On Monday, April 10, Tesla sales passed forward to become the country's second most valuable car manufacturer right behind General Motors. On April 16, six days later, Tesla closes the market day at over $51 billion.
你不能批评特斯拉。在致命撞车事件发生后几个月，该公司发布了软件升级和一个功能，如果驾驶员忽略三次警告，将禁用自动驾驶功能。这是马斯克最不需要的坏公关，正当Model 3即将面世。但是NHTSA的调查澄清了特斯拉。更多好消息出现了。联邦调查实际上发现，一旦搭载了自动驾驶功能，特斯拉汽车的总体碰撞率下降了40%。这些发现给特斯拉带来了重大的股市推动。 4月10日星期一，特斯拉的销售超越了通用汽车，成为全国第二大有价值的汽车制造商。六天后的4月16日，特斯拉的股价收盘价超过了510亿美元。
Over the years, Musk has been derided for his Gonzo antics and hailed for his vision. However, when he feels about Elon Musk, this is a momentous occasion. He's taken Tesla from a near bankrupt company to becoming the most valuable car maker in the world. It's an unprecedented rise. It was unthinkable only 13 years ago when Tesla was launched out of a small Silicon Valley office. Still, the company has never had a profitable year. Musk pledges to make half a million cars in 2018. The total for 2016? Just over 76,000.
多年来，马斯克因其疯狂的行为受到嘲笑，因其远见卓识而受到赞扬。但是，当他谈到马斯克时，这是一个重要的时刻。他将特斯拉从一家接近破产的公司带到成为世界上最有价值的汽车制造商。这是一次前所未有的崛起。仅仅13年前，特斯拉从一个小小的硅谷办公室推出，这是不可想象的。然而，公司从未有过盈利的一年。马斯克承诺在2018年制造50万辆汽车。2016年的总数只有76,000多辆。
Its February of 2018. Elon Musk is cruising through Palo Alto, California in his Model S, waiting for his CFO to pick up the phone. Musk rolls his eyes. The day before his SpaceX launched Musk's 2010 Tesla Roadster into space with a dummy behind the wheel. The rocket needed a payload to launch into space. Musk said he wanted the silliest thing imaginable. Mission accomplished.
现在是2018年的二月，埃隆·马斯克正驾驶着他的Model S在加利福尼亚州的帕洛阿尔托巡航，等待他的首席财务官接电话。马斯克翻了个白眼。前一天，他的太空探险公司SpaceX把他2010年的特斯拉跑车放在太空中，而驾驶员像个傻瓜一样坐在了车里。这枚火箭需要带些重量到太空中去，马斯克说他想要一些最傻的东西。任务完成了。
Yeah, hey, that's hilarious. Now give me the numbers. Well, getting the bugs out of the Model 3 is proving costly as hell. Here's already. We lost three quarters of a billion dollars in the fourth quarter. Jesus. We've got a wrap-up production. People are waiting on the Model 3 and last July. I promised we'd be making 20,000 a month by December. The EV has close to a half a million pre-orders. Now over a year after it's unveiling, the Model 3 has finally hit the market. But Tesla is still nowhere near getting it into mass production. Elon Delivery. Musk activates autopilot and closes his eyes for a second, shaking his head.
哇，嘿，那太搞笑了。现在给我数字。嗯，解决 Model 3 的问题成本巨大。在第四季度，我们已经损失了七百五十亿美元。天啊。我们必须加快生产进度，因为人们正在等待 Model 3。去年七月，我承诺到十二月我们将每月生产两万辆。电动汽车已经有接近五十万预订单了。现在，一年多后，Model 3 终于上市了。但 Tesla 还远未进入大规模生产阶段。伊隆·马斯克打开自动驾驶功能并闭上眼睛，摇了摇头。
We're in a deeper hell than I ever anticipated. It's our first time heading into high-volume production, Elon. It's uncharted territory. They're going to be hiccups, but we ramp up production and we'll be in the clear.. That damn well better be what we're going to do. I want to see 5,000 cars coming out of the factory every week by summer. We're getting battery delivery glitches figured out of the giga factory. That's been the big hurdle.
我们遇到的麻烦比我预料的还要严重。这是我们第一次进入高产阶段，埃隆。这是未知的领域，难免会出现问题，但只要我们加快生产速度，就能顺利过关。可是，我们必须确保能够做到这点。我希望在夏天的时候看到每周能从工厂出产5,000辆汽车。我们已经解决了吉卡工厂电池配送的问题，这一直是我们最大的难题。
But we're closer every day and the good news is we're not taking any hits in the market. Investors still believe in Tesla. Well so do I. If we can send a roadster into space, we can get the Model 3 figured out here on Earth. As July begins, Musk's goal is met. 5,000 Model S Sedans roll off the assembly line in a single week. In other good news, Tesla closes a deal to open a factory in China, a move that is crucial to the company's growth and industry standing.
但是我们每天都更接近了，好消息是我们在市场上没有受到任何打击，投资者仍然相信我们的特斯拉。我也是这样认为的。如果我们能把一辆跑车送到太空，我们就能在地球上搞定Model 3。随着七月的开始，马斯克的目标达成了，一周内生产5,000辆Model S轿车。另一个好消息是特斯拉达成了在中国开设工厂的交易，这对公司的增长和行业地位至关重要。
But Musk is not in celebration mode. He's worn to the bone, pulled in many directions. He's tweeting obsessively about everything from Tesla news to his inability to sleep. On the other side of the world, a group of young boys in Thailand find themselves in a situation far worse. It's totally unrelated to anything happening at Tesla, but Musk sees a role for himself. A boy's soccer team gets stuck deep underground in a flooded cave. The Thai Navy seals engage in a days long rescue effort to free the 12 young men. Musk believes that the engineers from SpaceX, the boring company, and Tesla can help.
但马斯克并不处于庆祝模式。他已经筋疲力尽，四面八方受到拉扯。他沉迷于推特，发布种种信息，从特斯拉的新闻到他自己的失眠问题。而世界的另一端，泰国一群年轻男孩发现自己陷入了一种更糟糕的境地。这完全与特斯拉无关，但马斯克看到了自己扮演的角色。一支男孩足球队被卡在水深洞穴里。泰国海军海豹突击队开展了为期数天的营救行动，以解救这12名年轻人。马斯克相信，太空探索技术公司、掘进公司和特斯拉的工程师可以提供帮助。
Musk tweets that Tesla will create a mini submarine. The boys are rescued without help from Musk. When a British cave explorer named Vernon Unsworth tells the press, he thinks Musk's offer was a publicity stunt. Musk goes ballistic. He takes to Twitter referring to the man as, pedo guy, as in pedophile. The backlash is fast and strong. Tesla stock valuation plummets by $2 billion. Investors publicly wonder if Musk is losing his focus on Tesla.
马斯克在推特上说，特斯拉将会创造一个迷你潜艇。男孩们获救没有马斯克的帮助。当英国洞穴探险家弗农·昂斯华斯特告诉媒体，他认为马斯克的提议是一次宣传噱头时，马斯克大发雷霆。他在推特上用“pedo guy”称呼这个人，意为恋童癖者。反弹迅速而又强烈。特斯拉的股票价值下跌了20亿美元。投资者们公开质疑马斯克是否正在失去对特斯拉的关注。
On July 17th, his staff convinces him to apologize. The dark publicity storm fades. But Musk still has production issues with the model S that are not going away. The factory can't keep up with pre-orders and new sales are beginning to slow. Once again, Tesla is bleeding money. Musk is desperate, desperate enough to sell his company. He's thinking, who's big enough to absorb Tesla? He reaches out to Apple CEO Tim Cook, offering Tesla for $60 billion. Musk says Apple wasn't interested. The Cook later told The New York Times that he never took the call.
7月17日，他的工作人员说服他道歉。负面宣传风暴渐渐消散。但是，特斯拉的生产问题仍未解决。工厂无法跟上预定订单的步伐，新销售开始缓慢。一次又一次，特斯拉在亏损。马斯克拼命了，他想出售他的公司，看看有谁能吸收特斯拉呢？他联系了苹果公司的CEO蒂姆·库克，提出以600亿美元的价格出售特斯拉。马斯克说苹果对此不感兴趣，但库克后来告诉《纽约时报》表示，他从未接到这个电话。
But Saudi Arabia's sovereign wealth fund smells an opportunity and buys about $2 billion of Tesla shares. Musk is breathing again. And of course, he can't get on Twitter fast enough. He tells his millions of followers and considering taking Tesla private at $420, funding secured. The stock explodes. But there's a problem. Before a company makes such an announcement, it's required to give NASDAQ a heads up. Trading is then stopped while the news reaches all potential investors.
沙特阿拉伯主权财富基金嗅到了机会，购买了约20亿美元的特斯拉股票。马斯克恢复了信心。当然，他不能快速地上Twitter了。他告诉他数百万的追随者，考虑以420美元的价格私有化特斯拉，资金已经得到保障。股票价值猛增。但是出现了问题。在公司做出这样的宣布之前，需要通知纳斯达克。交易会暂停，直到所有潜在投资者都获知这一消息。
Missing that step triggers an investigation by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Once again, Musk's tweets land him in hot water. Two weeks later, Musk withdraws the threat to go private. The SEC filed suit threatening to remove Musk from his role as CEO. The SEC and Tesla reached a settlement. Musk can stay on his CEO but he must pay a fine of $20 million and his future tweets need to be monitored. Musk is far from contrite, but he hands over the money.
如果缺少这一步骤，证券交易委员会会展开调查。再次，马斯克因推文惹上麻烦。两周后，马斯克撤回了私有化的威胁。证券交易委员会对他提起诉讼，威胁要撤销他的首席执行官职务。证券交易委员会和特斯拉达成了和解协议。马斯克可以继续担任首席执行官，但必须支付2000万美元罚款，并且他未来的推文需要受到监控。马斯克远非悔过，但他交出了罚款。
It's September 2018 at podcast host Joe Rogan Studio in Woodland Hills, California. It's a fence-mending mission and the smart money might guess this won't go as hoped. Musk is going on the show to try and mitigate the fallout from his recent PR nightmares. The pedoguy comment and his Twitter threats to go private. Musk agrees to appear on the Joe Rogan experience which has 11 million listeners to show he's a level-headed guy.
现在是2018年9月，在位于加利福尼亚州伍德兰山的播客主持人乔·罗根工作室。这是一次修补关系的任务，聪明人可能会猜测这不会如愿以偿。马斯克要上这个节目，试图减轻最近公关恶梦带来的后果，包括关于那个不友好的评论以及他在推特上威胁去私有化特斯拉。马斯克同意出现在有1100万听众的乔·罗根体验节目上，以证明他是一个理智的人。
Musk's people are all for it. It's a chance for Musk to relax, flex his quirky charm, and perhaps appear less of a loose cannon. That's not exactly what happens. At one point, Rogan lights up a large splyph, puffs on it, and hands it to Musk. Is that a joint? Or is it a cigar? It's marijuana inside of tobacco. Okay. Is it like posh tobacco? You never had that? Yeah, I think I tried one once. Come on man. You probably can't because stockholders, right? I mean it's legal, right? It's totally legal. Okay. How does that work? Did people get upset at you if you do certain things?
马斯克的团队都赞成这件事。这是马斯克放松身心、发挥自己古怪魅力、也许看起来不那么轻率的机会。但事实并非如此。有一次，罗根点燃了一支大的雪茄，吸了一口，然后递给马斯克。这是大麻吗？还是雪茄？它是烟草里面的大麻。嗯好的。像是高档烟草？你没体验过吗？嗯，我想我试过一次。别开玩笑了，你可能不行，因为股东会很不满意吧？我的意思是，那是合法的，对吧？完全合法。好的。如果你做某些事情，人们会对你感到不满意吗？
This was definitely not the look his PR team was going for. Though Musk is initially cautious, it doesn't take long before he takes a hit, then swallows some booze. The party boy appearance does nothing to tranquilize Musk's image. It's another head scratching moment for everyone from investors to critics to Tesla's staff. But Musk seems unfazed.
这绝对不是他的公关团队想要的形象。虽然马斯克一开始很谨慎，但没过多久他就喝醉了，显得像个好玩的人。这个派对男孩的形象没有平息马斯克的形象。这对从投资者，批评者到特斯拉员工的每个人来说，都是又一个难以理解的时刻。但是马斯克似乎不为所动。
It's October 2018 on Wall Street. Two traders are grabbing a drink after a hell of a Monday. They spend a lot of time paying close attention to Tesla. Holy crap, thank God Musk settled with the SEC.. You know, even as crazy as he is without him running the show, no telling what might happen to that company.
在华尔街，现在是2018年10月。两个交易员度过了一个繁忙的星期一后出来喝点饮料。他们花费了很多时间关注特斯拉。天哪，谢天谢地马斯克和证监会达成了和解。你知道吗，即使他很疯狂，没有他掌管公司，不知道会发生什么。
I know the guy keeps failing upwards, but people love Tesla. That stock was up 17% after the SEC announcement. That's a one day record for Tesla. And they actually managed to hit like 83,000 Model S deliveries. Not the 100,000 Musk's been promising, but still, yeah, it's kind of amazing.
我知道那个家伙总是失败后又成功，但人们非常喜欢特斯拉。加密飙升了17％，在SEC宣布后创造了单日纪录。他们实际上成功交付了83,000辆Model S。虽然没有马斯克承诺的100,000辆，但仍然很了不起。
But the most amazing thing of all, now can I get a drum roll? No, I'm busy drinking. Anyway, I know the answer. 312 million bucks profit for the quarter. Most they've ever made. You know, stockholders has psyched about that. Hey, a Tesla can keep that up next year and kill it with a Model 3. Elon Musk is going to be hard to stop.
最厉害的事情是，现在能不能请大家鼓掌？不好意思，我正在喝东西。不管怎样，我知道答案。这一季他们赚了3.12亿美元的利润，是他们有史以来赚过的最多的。你知道吗，股东们对此感到兴奋。嘿，如果特斯拉能在明年继续保持这个赚钱的速度，并且有个Model 3来压马路，那就不能阻止伊隆·马斯克了。
Yup, he can smoke all the weed he wants on Rogan. Musk doesn't really care about the fallout from his high profile dope puffing. It's a bad look, but people have gotten used to Musk's antics. Maybe some even look forward to them. But Tesla is heading for an image crisis that can't be laughed off in a haze of smoke.
是的，在罗根的节目上，他可以抽一切他想要的大麻。马斯克并不在意他高调吸大麻所带来的后果。这是不好的形象，但人们已经习惯马斯克的滑稽行为了。也许有些人甚至期待这些行为。但是，特斯拉正走向一场不可被烟雾迷蒙的形象危机。
It's November 2019 in Palo Alto, California. The third quarter is going to kick ass thanks to China. Thank God, the government's basically funding the thing. The Shanghai deal is even better than the Nevada gig of factory. Two Tesla board members are taking a stroll in the sun near company headquarters, basking in the company's current good fortune.
现在是2019年11月在加利福尼亚州帕洛阿尔托。由于中国的支持，第三季度将大有作为。感谢上帝，政府基本上在资助这件事。上海的交易甚至比内华达的工厂合同更好。两个特斯拉董事会成员在公司总部附近散步，沐浴在公司当前的好运中。
It's about time. For the past year, Musk has been obsessed with cutting costs while increasing production. And it's paying off. Taking the Model 3 in China is genius, the government's completely dedicated to EVs. We funnel them straight into the market. This quarter's way up and the next is going to be even better. And don't forget Norway, we're selling out Model 3's as soon as the boat docks.
"现在差不多该是时候了。过去一年里，马斯克一直着迷于削减成本并增加生产量，现在他的付出得到了回报。在中国推出Model 3是个天才的做法，政府完全致力于电动汽车。我们直接将它们引入市场。这个季度的销售额大幅上升，下一个季度会更好。别忘了挪威，我们的Model 3在船靠岸后就被卖光了。"
It's all good, my friend. We're worth more than 4GM and Fiat Chrysler put together. Hey, you hear about Elon's trip to the Shanghai Factory next month? It's going to be a damn victory lap. He invited customers and workers. They're going to be thousands at the party.
没问题，我的朋友。我们的价值比4GM和菲亚特克莱斯勒加起来还要高。嘿，你有听说过埃隆下个月去上海工厂的行程吗？那将是一个巨大的胜利之旅。他邀请了顾客和工人，将有成千上万人参加派对。
A pair stop and save the moment. Wow. It just feels like we're finally out of the dark. I know, the sheer amount of **** this company's dealt with. It's all worked out. What can go wrong now?
一对停下来，并保存这一瞬间，哇，感觉我们终于走出了黑暗。我知道，这家公司所遭遇的困境如此之多。现在一切都解决了，还会有什么问题呢？
In March of 2020, something happens that even Elon Musk can't control coronavirus. But that doesn't mean Musk won't fight the deadly pandemic. When the order to close all non-essential businesses and shelter at home is issued in Alameda County, Musk ignores it as long as he can, keeping his free-mont factory running.
2020年3月，发生了一件连埃隆·马斯克都无法控制的事情——冠状病毒。但这并不意味着马斯克不会对这场致命的大流行病进行斗争。当阿拉米达县下令关闭所有非必要企业并留在家中时，马斯克尽可能地忽略了这一命令，让他的弗里蒙特工厂继续运营。
Musk gets on Twitter, venting his feelings about the virus that's halted much of the world. He writes, The coronavirus panic is dumb. The email to his employees saying, I will personally be at work, but that's just me. Totally okay if you want to stay home for any reason. Closing up shop at the California Factory just doesn't fit with Musk's production of the Model Y compact SUV.
马斯克上Twitter发泄他对这场病毒大流行的感受。他写道：“对冠状病毒引起的恐慌是愚蠢的。”他给员工发送了邮件，说：“我个人会去工作，但这只是我的决定。如果你因为任何原因想待在家里，完全没有问题。”关闭加利福尼亚工厂与马斯克生产Model Y紧凑型SUV的计划不相符。
That'll mean a loss of $800 million a month. Maybe more. It's out of the question. But as the virus becomes increasingly deadly, the mandatory ruling to shut down the factory extends into May. Musk has had enough.
这将意味着每个月损失8亿美元。也许会更多。这是不可能的。但随着病毒愈发致命，强制关闭工厂的规定延长到了五月份。马斯克已经忍无可忍了。
It's early May in Fremont, California. Tesla Factory worker Carlos Gabriel and a colleague are taking a break in the parking lot of the massive facility. How are you feeling? Not so far so good, but I know a dozen people have gone home with fever this week alone. Yeah, I was out sick myself with flu symptoms. They're not taking this seriously. Where's the plan from this company? We got thousands of people working here and this thing is deadly. I don't get it.
现在是五月初，在加利福尼亚州弗里蒙特。特斯拉工厂的工人卡洛斯·加布里埃尔和同事正在巨大的设施停车场休息。你感觉怎么样？目前还好，但是这个星期就有十几个人因为发烧回家了。是啊，我自己也有流感症状请了病假。他们没有认真对待这件事。这家公司的计划在哪里？我们有成千上万的人在这里工作，这个病毒是致命的。我不明白。
The government saying stay home. Musk is calling him fascists. He says people need their freedom. What? Freedom to get sick and die at work? That's crazy. I'm starting a petition about this. I'll send it to you.
政府说要呆在家里。马斯克称他们是法西斯主义者。他说人们需要自由。什么？自由去在工作中生病和死亡？那太疯狂了。我要发起一份请愿书。我会把它发给你。
The petition gets Gabriel mentioned in the New York Times. But it does little good. Musk orders his employees back to work by May 8. Factories in Detroit are up and running. He's depending on the model why to be profitable and he wants to keep up the momentum. As stockholders applaud his determination to keep Tesla on top, local authorities allow the factory to reopen with extra health measures in place.
这份请愿书让加布里埃尔得到了《纽约时报》的提及，但对于实际效果并不大。马斯克下令让员工在5月8日以前返回工作，底特律的工厂也已经重新开始运转。他指望着Model Y能够盈利，并希望保持动力。随着股东们为他为保持特斯拉的领先地位而鼓掌欢呼，当地政府允许工厂重新开业，而且采取了额外的健康措施。
By July of 2020, Tesla stock rises to $1,000 a share exceeding the valuation of even Toyota. Now Tesla is the most valuable car company on the planet. Eight months later, the company is valued at $800 billion. Musk was always wealthy. Now he's super rich with an estimated worth of close to $200 billion as 2021 kicks in.
到了2020年7月，特斯拉股票上涨到每股1000美元，市值超过了丰田。现在，特斯拉成为了全球最有价值的汽车公司。八个月后，公司的估值达到了8000亿美元。马斯克一直富有，现在他更加富有了，预计2021年净资产接近2000亿美元。
Once again, Tesla is at the top of this roller coaster ride. On February 9, 2021, Tesla is hit hard with a lawsuit alleging rampant racism and sexual harassment at the company. The suit filed by California's Agency for Fair Employment claims Tesla created a hostile environment for African Americans over the course of many years.
再一次，特斯拉坐上了这次的过山车之巅。2021年2月9日，特斯拉受到了一项指控公司内存在猖獗的种族歧视和性骚扰的诉讼。该诉讼由加州公平就业机构提起，称特斯拉在多年的时间内为非裔美国人创造了敌对环境。
Tesla immediately denies the accusations, which are nothing short of horrific. The story explodes in the media. On February 15, NPR reporter Camila Domonoski reveals the sorted details contained within the suit on all things considered. It's just page after page of allegations, copious use of racial slurs, including the N word, racist graffiti. Black workers and only black workers assigned to scrub the floor on hands and knees.
特斯拉立即否认这些指控，这些指控非常可怕。故事在媒体上爆发了。2月15日，NPR记者卡米拉·多姆诺斯基在所有被考虑的事项中透露了这起诉讼中的详细细节。这只是一页又一页的指控，大量使用种族歧视词语，包括“N”字，种族主义涂鸦。只有黑人工人被分配到跪在地上擦洗地板的工作中。
Black workers being denied promotions, being punished more severely than colleagues, and being retaliated against. This is not about a single person or incident. Tesla is sweeping in the state seeking monetary damages and an end to the behavior. Tesla says the suit is misguided. Industry insiders predict that Tesla will fight the suit, and Musk is no stranger to taking on the government.
黑人员工被拒绝晋升，受到比同事更严厉的惩罚，以及遭受报复。这不是单个人或事件的问题。特斯拉正在州内全面推行，寻求经济赔偿和行为的结束。特斯拉表示这起诉讼是误导性的。行业内部人士预测特斯拉将会反击这场诉讼，而马斯克在与政府斗争方面并不陌生。
Since 2003, Tesla, this small startup from Silicon Valley with zero experience in the car business, has successfully taken on the world's biggest automakers. Tesla has weathered crushing financial situations and horrendous public image crises and still risen to the top. Many of its battles are ongoing. How the racism suit will affect the company remains to be seen.
自2003年以来，特斯拉这个来自硅谷的小型创业公司，尽管没有任何汽车业务方面的经验，但已经成功地挑战了世界上最大的汽车制造商。特斯拉经历了沉重的财务危机和可怕的公共形象危机，仍然崛起于行业之巅。它的许多战斗仍在继续。种族歧视诉讼将如何影响该公司尚未可知。
But the very things that Detroit smirked at years ago are now embraced by the industry's biggest manufacturers. Tesla's vision of managing production under one roof from batteries to assembly has allowed Tesla to prosper as other brands have scrambled to catch up. Tesla has grown to lead the industry into the EV future.
底特律多年前嘲笑的东西，现在被该行业最大制造商所接受。特斯拉通过在同一屋檐下管理从电池到装配的生产方式，使特斯拉在其他品牌竞相追赶的同时茁壮成长。特斯拉已经成为引领该行业进入电动汽车未来的先驱。
Not long ago, software was a term with no relation to a roaring V8 engine. Now iconic automakers like Mercedes-Benz and Ford are hiring programmers and engineers to create digital operating systems for entire vehicles. The broad appeal of electric vehicles is growing.
不久之前，软件一词与咆哮的V8引擎毫无关系。现在，像奔驰和福特这样的标志性汽车制造商正在招聘程序员和工程师，为整个车辆创建数字操作系统。电动汽车的广泛吸引力正在增长。
As the world gets greener, emissions regulations in many countries are becoming increasingly strict, and more brands are introducing more models, like Ford's F-150 Lightning do out this year and all electric truck with a range of up to 300 miles, unthinkable only a few years ago. Bloomberg Green predicts more than 10 million EV and plug-in hybrids will sell worldwide in 2022, led by China's massive car market.
随着世界变得更加环保，许多国家的排放规定变得越来越严格，越来越多的汽车品牌推出更多型号，比如福特的F-150闪电版，这款全电动卡车的续航里程高达300英里，这在几年前还是不可想象的。彭博绿色预测，2022年全球将有超过1000万辆电动汽车和插电式混合动力汽车销售，其中以中国庞大的汽车市场为主导。
That's almost 4 million more than last year, and it all began with Tesla. The key to the company's success has been a press-ent command of technology and fostering its own supply chain. And of course, the man behind it all, love Elon Musk or hate him, he did what most in Detroit considered ludicrous. His strategy of disruption worked. Though Motor City is revving hard to overtake him.
那比去年多了近四百万辆汽车，而这全部源自于特斯拉。这家公司成功的关键在于对技术的完美掌握，并培育自己的供应链。当然，这一切都离不开影响深远的伊隆·马斯克。他的策略虽然在底特律饱受嘲讽，但确实奏效了。尽管摩托城正在加速追赶他的步伐。
Hey, prime members, you can binge every episode of Business Wars, Add Free on Amazon Music. Download the Amazon Music app today, or you can listen Add Free with Wondery Plus in Apple Podcasts. Before you go, tell us about yourself by completing a short survey at Wondery.com-survey.
嘿，优选会员们，你们可以在亚马逊音乐上畅享《商战》的每一集，免除广告打扰。今天就下载亚马逊音乐应用程序，或在苹果播客中通过Wondery Plus免费收听。在你离开之前，请通过在Wondery.com-survey完成一个简短的调查告诉我们一些关于你自己的信息。
From Wondery, this is episode 4 of Tesla vs Detroit for Business Wars. Next on Business Wars, buckle up as we journey through the state of electric vehicles today and tomorrow with Wired Staff Rider, Ariane Marshall. Plus, Bloomberg Automotive Reporter Dana Hall talks about Tesla's turmoil behind the scenes, including allegations over racism in their California factories.
从Wondery，这是商业大战中的特斯拉与底特律第4集。接下来在商业大战中，与Wired工作人员Ariane Marshall一起，我们将穿越今天和明天的电动汽车状况。此外，彭博汽车记者Dana Hall将谈论特斯拉幕后的动荡，包括他们在加利福尼亚工厂的种族歧视指控。
A quick note about recreations you've been hearing in most cases we can't know exactly what was said, those scenes or dramatizations, but they're based on historical research. If you'd like to read more about Tesla, we recommend Powerplay by Tim Higgins and Elon Musk, Tesla's SpaceX and the Quest for a Fantastic Future by Ashley Vance.
快速介绍一下你一直听到的再现场景，通常情况下，我们无法确切知道说了什么，这些场景或戏剧化的内容，但它们是基于历史研究的。如果您想了解更多关于特斯拉的信息，我们推荐您阅读蒂姆·希金斯的Powerplay和阿什利·范斯的Elon Musk，特斯拉的SpaceX和寻求美好未来。
I'm your host David Brown, Peter Gillstrap wrote this story, voice acting by Alejandro Ruiz. Here and low is our senior producer and editor, edited and produced by Emily Frost, sound designed by Kyle Randall. Our producer is Dave Schilling.
我是主持人David Brown，Peter Gillstrap编写了这个故事，Alejandro Ruiz进行了配音。在这里，我们的高级制片人和编辑是Here and low，由Emily Frost编辑和制作，音效设计由Kyle Randall完成。我们的制片人是Dave Schilling。
Our executive producers are Jenny Lauer Beckman and Marshall Lui, created by Ernan Lopez for wondering.
我们的执行制片人是珍妮·劳尔·贝克曼和马歇尔·刘，由厄南·洛佩兹为Wondering创建。