5 Insights You Can Use to Think Clearly | Shane Parrish | Knowledge Project Podcast - YouTube
发布时间 2023-10-02 18:00:34 来源
中英文字稿 
Hello and welcome. I'm Shane Parrish and you're listening to a special episode of The Knowledge Project. This episode is special because it's about my new book that came out today called Clear Thinking, Turning Ordinary Moments Into Extraordinary Outcomes.
你好，欢迎收听知识工程特别节目。我是Shane Parrish，今天，我们来聊一聊我新近出版的书《清晰思考：将平凡时刻转变为非凡成果》。这一期节目特别之处在于，我们将专注于这本新书。
The idea for clear thinking started with a simple question. Why do the world's most successful individuals have an uncanny ability to be in the right place at the right time? It turns out that it's not luck. It's positioned. They are rarely backed into a corner by circumstances and you don't have to be either.
清晰思考的理念始于一个简单的问题：为什么全球最成功的个人能够非常巧妙地在正确的时间、正确的地点出现？事实证明，这不是运气，而是他们的位置策略。他们很少被环境所逼迫，而你也不必如此。
One of the key insights is that you don't need to be smarter than others to outperform them if you can out position them. Anyone looks like a genius when they're in a good position and even the smartest person looks like an idiot when they're in a bad one. The most effective way to enhance your decision making is by starting from a position of strength. With a proven framework and practical strategies, clear thinking is your road map to navigating any situation with poise and intelligence.
关键洞察之一是，如果你能取得比别人更有利的位置，你并不需要比他们更聪明才能超越他们。当一个人处于有利的位置时，任何人都会显得聪明，而当一个人处于不利的位置时，即使是最聪明的人也会显得愚蠢。提升决策能力的最有效方式是从一个有利的立场出发。有了经过验证的框架和实用的战略，清晰的思考将成为你在任何情况下从容和智慧地导航的指南。
Today, I'm going to share five insights from the book that I think you'll enjoy. It's time to listen and learn.
今天，我将分享这本书中的五个见解，我认为你会喜欢的。现在是倾听和学习的时刻。
The first insight is that your position determines your future. The greatest aid to judgment is starting from a good position. This is such a key insight. We often think about making the best decision possible in the moment and forget about whether we're operating from a position of strength or weakness when the moment arises. Let me give you a practical example so you can see what I mean.
第一个洞见是，你的位置决定着你的未来。判断能力最大的助力就是从一个良好的位置开始。这是一个非常关键的洞见。我们经常考虑在当下做出最好的决策，但却忽视了在当下发生时，我们是从优势还是劣势的位置行动。让我给你举个实际的例子，这样你就能明白我的意思了。
One of my kids got a really poor grade on a test one day. As he handed it to me, he looked at me, shrugged his shoulders and said, I did my best. I knew that wasn't the moment to have a conversation with him about what it means to do your best. So I waited a little bit later on that night. We talked about what it meant to do your best. What he meant was that when the paper, the test was in front of him, he focused on the questions and answered them to the best of his ability.
有一天，我的一个孩子考试得了一份非常糟糕的分数。当他把试卷递给我时，他看着我耸了耸肩，说：“我已经尽力了。”我知道那不是和他谈论"尽力"的时刻。所以我稍微等到了那天晚上稍后一点。我们谈了谈"尽力"的含义。他的意思是，在试卷和考试问题摆在他面前时，他专心致志地回答问题，尽力而为。
What he didn't understand is that doing your best is often about the position you put yourself in before you take the test. Putting yourself in a good position for the test means sleeping well, eating a healthy breakfast, not arguing with your brother, and of course, studying in the days leading up to the test. All the things that you control. He hadn't done any of that. And by not doing the things in his control, he put himself in a worse position. It's like he chose to play life on hard mode.
他不明白的是，做到最好通常取决于你在考试之前自己所处的状态。为了准备考试，要保证良好的睡眠，吃健康的早餐，不与兄弟争吵，当然还要在考试前几天努力学习。所有这些都是你可以控制的事情。他没有做到这些。因为他没有做好自己可以控制的事情，他使自己处于一个更糟糕的境地。就好像他选择了以困难模式来玩人生一样。
And we do the same thing. We put ourselves in poor positions when we don't exercise, we don't sleep, we don't invest in our relationship with our partners, when we don't prepare for the meeting, when we take on too much debt and countless other ways. It's hard to appreciate that over the long run, the average person who constantly puts themselves in a good position beats the genius who finds themselves in a poor position. What looks like talent is often good positioning, and the best way to put yourself in a good position is with good preparation. A good position allows you to think clearly rather than be forced by circumstances into a decision. One reason the best in the world may consistently good decisions is they rarely find themselves forced into a decision by circumstances. They almost always operate from a position of strength.
我们做的也是相同的事情。当我们不锻炼身体，不睡觉，不投资于与伴侣的关系，不为会议做准备，承担过多的债务以及其他无数的方式时，我们就会让自己陷入困境。很难意识到，在长期来看，那些一直把自己置于良好位置的普通人胜过那些身处困境的天才。外表上看似才华出众的往往是良好的位置选择，而达到良好位置的最佳方式就是做好准备。良好的位置可以让你清晰思考，而不是被环境迫使做出决定。世界上最出色的人之所以能够持续做出好决策，其中一个原因是他们很少被环境迫使做出决策。他们几乎总是从优势地位出发行动。
The second insight I want to share is that you can turn desired behavior into default behavior. Listen, eventually everyone loses the battle with willpower. Sometimes it's really hard to do the things we want to do. So we can use safeguards to change our behavior. One type of practical safeguard we talk about in the book is automatic rules.
我要分享的第二个见解是，你可以把希望的行为转化为默认行为。听着，最终每个人都会在意志力上失败。有时候，做我们想做的事情真的很难。因此，我们可以使用保障措施来改变我们的行为。我们在书中提到的一种实用保障措施是自动规则。
We've been taught our whole life to follow rules, but we've never been taught how to use rules to our advantage. Let's say you want to lose weight and you've decided to skip desserts for a while. Whenever you're based with a situation where you have to say no to dessert, you're relying on your willpower. Your friends and your colleagues will convince you that it's a celebration to join them just this once, where you can start tomorrow. The social pressure is real and it makes it hard to do the things that you want to do, but there's a way around this.
我们一生都被教育要遵守规则，但从未被教导如何利用规则来获得优势。假设你想减肥，并决定暂时不吃甜点。每当你面临需要拒绝甜点的情况时，你需要依靠自控力。你的朋友和同事会说服你这只是一次庆祝，你可以从明天开始。社会压力确实存在，它让你难以做自己想做的事情，但是有一种方法可以解决这个问题。
Your best self can create automatic rules for these situations before you face them. Your rule can be, I don't need dessert. And when your friends say let's have dessert, all you have to say is I don't need dessert. It's a rule. And they'll suddenly apply a lot less pressure to you. All you have to do is follow the automatic rule rules you've been following your whole life. And you can turn your desired behavior into default behavior. You can also use rules to do more of the things that you want to do. It's not just about avoiding bad things. It's about doing good things.
你最好的自己可以在面对这些情况之前制定自动规则。你可以制定一个规则，就是我不需要甜点。当你的朋友说让我们吃甜点时，你只需要说我不需要甜点。这是一个规定。他们会突然对你施加的压力减少很多。你只需要按照你一生中一直遵循的自动规则继续行动。你可以将你期望的行为变成默认行为。你还可以利用规则来做更多你想做的事情。这不仅仅是避免坏事，也包括做好事。
Let's say you want to stay healthy, but going to the gym three to four times a week is a grind. One of the reasons it's a grind is that you start to negotiate with yourself. I don't know about you, but that little voice in my head starts to say, Hey, you're pretty tired today. You didn't sleep well last night. Let's skip the gym today and we'll do extra tomorrow. And you say, Yeah, let's do extra tomorrow. But of course, when tomorrow comes around, you don't do extra. In fact, that little voice is back. Now it's got a victory. And it's even louder than before.
假设你想保持健康，但每周去健身房三到四次确实让人感觉疲倦。其中一个原因是，你开始与自己讨价还价。我不知道你是否有同样的经历，但我脑海中那个小声音会说：“嘿，今天你挺累的。昨晚你没睡好。我们今天不去健身房，明天多做一点吧。”然后你会说：“是啊，明天多做一点。”然而，当明天到来时，你并没有做更多。事实上，那个小声音又回来了。现在它获得了胜利，声音比以前还要大。
The way around this negotiation with yourself is to work out every day. The conversation in your head goes from, Should I work out today to when and how do I fit this in? That doesn't mean that you're going to go to the gym for an hour every day. It might mean that you reduce the scope or duration of your workout might mean you just go in and do some squats and then come home. What it does mean is that you're going every day. The conversation changes from should I go to how do I fit this in?
摆脱与自己的这种谈判的方法是每天锻炼。你的内心对话会从“我今天应该锻炼吗？”转变成“我应该何时何地进行锻炼？”这并不意味着你每天都要去健身房锻炼一个小时。这可能意味着你减少锻炼的范围或时长，或者只是做一些蹲起动作然后回家。但重要的是你每天都去锻炼。对话的内容从“我是否应该去”转变为“我如何安排时间进行锻炼？”
I've shared this bit of wisdom with several friends who've used it to dramatically change their health. It's a simple principle simply applied that creates a life changing result. But rules are not the only practical and easy way to do more of what you want and less of what you don't. There's a host of other examples in the book like joining groups whose default behaviors are your desired behaviors. If you want to read more, join a book club. Do you want to run more join a running club? Your chosen environment rather than your willpower alone will help nudge you towards the best choices.
我已经与几位朋友分享了这一智慧，他们用它来显著改变了他们的健康状况。这是一个简单的原则，只需简单地应用就能产生令人生活彻底改变的结果。然而，规则并不是实现你想要的更多和减少你不想要的事情的唯一实用且容易的方法。书中还有许多其他例子，例如加入那些默认行为与你期望一致的团队。如果你想要阅读更多，可以加入一个读书俱乐部；如果你想要跑步更多，可以加入一个跑步俱乐部。你选择的环境而不仅仅是你的意志力将有助于推动你做出最好的选择。
The third insight that I want to share is that if you do what everyone else does, you will get the same results everyone else gets. The social rewards for going with the crowd are felt long before the benefits of going against it are gained. One measure of a person is the degree to which they'll do the right thing when it goes against popular belief. However, it's easy to overestimate our willingness to diverge from the crowd and underestimate our biological instinct to fit in. Fear holds us back from taking risks and reaching our potential.
我想要分享的第三个见解是，如果你做的都是其他人做的事情，你将得到与其他人相同的结果。追随群众的社会回报在获得反抗时的好处之前就已经感受到了。一个人的衡量标准之一是在违背大众观念时他们愿意做正确的事情的程度。然而，我们很容易高估自己与众不同的意愿，低估我们与生俱来的适应性本能。恐惧使我们退缩，不敢冒险，限制了我们的潜力发挥。
Knowing grows up saying I want to do the same thing everyone else does. And yet there's comfort to surrounding yourself with people who agree with you or doing the same thing that you're doing. While there is sometimes embedded wisdom in the crowd, mistaking the comfort of the collective for evidence that what you're doing will lead to better results is nothing more than a convenient lie.
成长中的认知会告诉你，我想和别人一样做同样的事情。然而，周围有与你意见相同或者正在做相同事情的人会给你一种安慰感。尽管群体中有时蕴藏着智慧，但错误地以为共同感会证明你所做的会带来更好的结果，不过是一种方便的谎言。
The only way to outperform if you're doing undifferentiated work is to work harder than everyone else. Imagine a team of ditch diggers working with their hands. A slight variation in the amount of soil move per hour is barely perceptible. Your work is indistinguishable from the person next to you. The only way to move more dirt is to dig for longer. Within this paradigm the ditch digger who takes a week off to experiment and invent the shovel seems crazy. Not only do they look like a fool for taking a risk but their cumulative production falls behind for every day they're not digging. So only when the shovel comes along to other sea its advantages. Success requires shamelessness. So too does failure. Doing something different means you might underperform but it also means you might change the game entirely. The key is to create positive deviation.
在做没有差异化的工作时，想要超越他人的唯一办法就是比其他人更加努力工作。想象一下一队挖沟的工人正在用手工作。每小时挪动土壤的微小差异几乎无法察觉。你的工作和旁边的人一模一样，无法区分。要挪动更多的土壤，唯一的办法就是挖更长时间。在这种范式中，一个挖沟的工人放一个星期的假来尝试和发明铁锹的人看起来很疯狂。不仅他们冒险看起来像个傻瓜，而且他们的累积产量在每一天他们没有挖沟的日子里都会落后。所以只有当铁锹出现时，其他人才能看到它的优势。成功需要无耻。失败也是如此。尝试做一些与众不同的事情可能会使你表现不佳，但也可能彻底改变游戏规则。关键是创造积极的偏差。
The fourth insight is outcome over ego. Our desire to feel right overpowers our desire to be right. The ego urges us to feel right at the expense of being right. Few things feel better than being right. So much so that we will unconsciously rearrange the world so that we are right and somebody else is wrong. A great example of this happened just the other day with a friend of mine. Over coffee he shared an idea that he had at work to solve a problem. Now the problem and the details of that aren't really important.
第四个洞见是结果优先于自我。我们渴望获得正确感压倒了我们追求正确的欲望。自我驱使着我们为了感到正确而不计后果。很少有事情比证明自己是正确的感觉更好的了。以至于我们会无意识地重新调整世界，使我们是正确的一方，而别人是错误的一方。就在前几天，我有一个朋友就发生了一个很好的例子。在喝咖啡时，他分享了他在工作中解决问题的一个想法。现在问题和细节并不是真正重要的东西。
What's important is the idea would have worked. It would have solved the problem. Another thing to note is that it was his idea. The complicating factor here is that it wasn't the best idea and he was having a hard time to let that go. He was spending a lot of time and energy trying to prove how right he was because he was putting his ego over the outcome and when you try to prove how right you are you ignore all the evidence to the contrary. Most people go through life assuming that they're right and the people who don't see things their way are wrong. We mistake how we want the world to work with how it actually does work. The subject doesn't matter.
重要的是这个想法本来可以起效。它本可以解决问题。另一个需要注意的是，这是他的主意。复杂的因素在于，这并不是最好的主意，而他很难放下这个想法。他花了很多时间和精力试图证明自己是对的，因为他把自己的自尊心放在了结果之上，当你试图证明自己是对的时候，你会忽视所有相反的证据。大多数人在生活中都认为自己是对的，而不同意他们看法的人是错的。我们错误地将我们对世界的期望与现实相混淆。主题并不重要。
We're right about politics. We're right about other people. We're right about our memories. You name it. We mistake how we want the world to work for how it does work.
我们关于政治是正确的。我们关于其他人是正确的。我们关于记忆是正确的。随便说吧。我们将我们理想中世界的运作方式误认为现实中的运作方式。
Of course we can't be right about everything all the time. Everyone makes mistakes or misremember some things but we still want to feel right all the time and ideally get other people to reinforce that feeling. Hence we channel inordinate amounts of energy to proving to others and ourselves that we're right. When this happens we're less concerned with outcomes and more concerned with protecting our ego.
当然，我们并不能始终在所有事情上都是正确的。每个人都会犯错或记错一些事情，但我们仍然希望自己始终是正确的，并且最好得到他人的认同来加强这种感觉。因此，我们会耗费过多的精力来向他人和自己证明我们是正确的。当这种情况发生时，我们更关注保护自己的自我感，而不是关注结果。
The way to move around this is to switch your feelings to the outcome. I encapsulated this with the saying outcome over ego. It's a healthy reminder that you need to focus on the outcome and not how you feel.
推行这个方法的方式是将你的情绪转移到结果上。我用"结果高于自我"这句话概括了这个想法。这是一个健康的提醒，告诉你需要专注于结果，而不是你的感受。
The final insight I want to share today is that while it might not be your fault it is your responsibility. Self accountability means taking responsibility for your abilities, your inabilities and your actions. If you can't do that you might never move forward.
我今天想要分享的最后一个观点是，尽管可能不是你的过错，但却是你的责任。自我负责意味着对自己的能力、无能力和行动负责。如果你不能这样做，你可能永远无法向前发展。
You might not have someone in your life who holds you accountable but that doesn't matter. You can hold yourself accountable. Others might not expect more from you but you can expect more from yourself. External rewards are nice but they're optional. You don't need them to do your best. Your honest judgments about yourself are more important than anyone else's and when you screw up you should be strong enough to look in the mirror and say this was my fault. I need to do better.
你可能没有生活中有人来追究你的责任，但这并不重要。你可以自己对自己负责。别人可能不期望你有更高要求，但你可以对自己有更高期望。外部奖励是好的，但并非必须。你不需要它们来做到最好。对自己的真实判断比任何人的都更重要，当你搞砸时，你应该足够强大地面对镜子，说这是我的错，我需要改进。
And well you may not have asked for it. You're in charge of your own life and a larger part of your outcomes than you think. People who lack self accountability tend to run on autopilot. This is the exact opposite of commanding your own life. These people constantly succumb to the external pressure seeking rewards, avoiding punishments and measuring themselves against other people's scoreboards. They're followers not leaders. They don't take responsibility for their mistakes. Instead they always try to blame other people circumstances or bad luck. Nothing is ever their fault.
或许你并没有要求过这种情况，但你是自己生活的主宰，对于结果的影响力比你想象的要大得多。缺乏自我责任感的人往往处于自动驾驶的状态，完全对自己的生活失去了掌控力。这与主宰自己的生活形成鲜明对比。这些人总是屈服于外部压力，追求奖励，回避惩罚，并将自己与他人的单一标准相比较。他们是追随者而不是领导者。他们不愿对自己的错误负责，而总是试图将责任推给他人、环境或运气不佳。对他们来说，任何事情都不是他们的错。
Well I have news for you. It might not be your fault but it's your responsibility. There's always something you can do in the moment today to better your position tomorrow. You might not be able to solve the problem but your next action will make the situation better or worse. There's always an action you control however tiny that helps you achieve progress.
我有个消息告诉你。这可能不是你的错，但却是你的责任。无论现在的情况如何，你都可以在当下做些事情，以期望明天能更好一些。也许你无法解决这个问题，但你下一步的行动会使情况变得更好或更糟。无论多微小，总有一种你可以掌控的行动，能帮助你实现进步。
Those are the five insights I wanted to share with you today. The book is full of hundreds of other practical timeless insights. Clear thinking will reshape the way you think and give you the tools and strategies to achieve lasting success.
这些是我今天想与你分享的五个领悟。这本书充满了数百个其他实用且永恒的见解。清晰的思维将重塑你的思维方式，并为你提供实现持久成功的工具和策略。
I appreciate you listening to this. I appreciate all your support over the years. If you want to help me you can go order the book. I think it'll help you too. You can find a link in the show notes or learn more about the book at fs.blog slash clear.
我很感激你听这个。在过去的几年里，我非常感谢你的支持。如果你想帮助我，可以去订购这本书。我认为它也会对你有所帮助。你可以在节目说明中找到一个链接，或者在fs.blog/clear了解更多关于这本书的内容。
Thank you so much for listening. Until next time.
非常感谢你们的聆听。下次再见。