03.11 - The Great Escape

Hello everyone, my name is Wesley Levesse from the History of the Second World War podcast. Join me on a journey to the most destructive conflict in human history, a journey that will take us not just through the famous campaigns and cataclysmic battles, but also to the lesser well-known corners of the war that touched millions all over the world, as we try and answer not just the questions of what and where, but how and why. You can find History of the Second World War on all major podcast platforms or at History of the Second World War.com. Hi, I'm Mike Troy, host of the American Revolution Podcast on the Airwave Media Network. This podcast is the origin story of the United States, how we went from colonies ruled by a king to the Democratic Republic that we have today. The American Revolution podcast tells the story of the revolution from beginning to end. Please subscribe for free. We're available on all major podcast platforms. I hope you will join me today on the American Revolution Podcast.

大家好，我叫韦斯利·莱维斯，来自《第二次世界大战历史播客》。让我们一起踏上一段人类历史上最毁灭性冲突的旅程，这段旅程不仅将带我们穿越著名的战役和灾难性的战斗，还会带我们走进那些不太知名、却触及全球数百万人的战争角落，试图回答的不仅仅是“发生了什么”和“在哪里”，还有“如何”和“为什么”。你可以在所有主要的播客平台或者《第二次世界大战历史播客》网站上找到我们。嗨，我是迈克·特洛伊，美国革命播客的主持人，归属于Airwave Media Network。这个播客是美国的起源故事，讲述了我们是如何从被国王统治的殖民地发展成今天的民主共和国的。美国革命播客讲述了整个革命的故事。请免费订阅我们，在所有主要的播客平台都可以找到。希望你能加入我的《美国革命播客》的今天。

Welcome to Pax Britannica. Season 3, episode 11. The Great Escape. Welcome back to Pax Britannica. I'm your host Samuel Hume. Thank you to the new members of the House of Lords, Bruce Goodmanson, Earl of Shetland, Earl Stephen of Blois and Thomas Watt, the Earl Lockey of Oclocchylock. Like all of our Patrons, they can now listen to this episode and every other episode ad-free. The new worlds can also listen to the bonus content, including our new series on the history of the Mughal Empire. Go to patreon.com slash Pax Britannica to find out more.

欢迎来到《Pax Britannica》。第三季，第11集。伟大的逃脱。欢迎回来，《Pax Britannica》的主持人塞缪尔·休姆在此。感谢伯爵布鲁斯·古德曼森、奥尔卡大人和托马斯·瓦特等新上议院的成员。和我们的所有赞助人一样，他们现在可以无广告收听本集以及其他所有集数。新的会员们还可以收听我们关于莫卧儿帝国历史的加赠内容。请登录patreon.com/PaxBritannica了解更多信息。

Last week, we saw the final pitched battles of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, the Battle of Inverkithin, where John Lambert essentially won the war in Scotland for the Commonwealth of England, and the Battle of Worcester, where the Hail Mary of Charles II, to march from Stirling in Scotland all the way south to London in England, was utterly defeated. Today, we're going to hear a story which Charles would never get tired of telling, whether or not his audience was tired of listening to it. You don't tell a king, your Majesty, can we talk about something else? And to be fair to Charles, it is a good story, and if I escaped certain death by the skin of my teeth, I'd probably hold court with it as well. Of all the many courtiers who heard the story, the Earl of Clarendon and Samuel Peeps of Diary fame, both recorded it in detail.

上周，我们目睹了三国战争的最后一场激战：英格兰共和国在苏格兰取得了胜利的因瓦金战役，约翰·兰伯特基本上为共和国赢得了苏格兰战争；同时也有伍斯特战役，查尔斯二世的最后一次意外行动，从苏格兰的斯特灵一直向南走到伦敦，结果彻底失败。今天，我们要听一个查尔斯永远都不会厌倦讲述的故事，无论听众是否已经听腻了。你不能告诉国王：“陛下，我们可以换个话题吗？”而且说实话，这是一个很好的故事，如果我也像个头皮掉了一地的人一样侥幸脱险，我也可能会一直讲下去。在众多听到这个故事的朝臣中，克拉伦登伯爵和《日记》的撰写者塞缪尔·皮普斯都详细记录了这个故事。

Let me take you back to the end of last episode. Charles's brave offensive beyond the Wars of Worcester, so close to success, had collapsed into a route that he could not stop. Most of his army ran for their lives, back to safety behind Worcester's walls, and those who kept information soon followed suit. Charles went with them, back to his headquarters within the city, which is now a museum called the Commandery. From here, Charles attempted to orchestrate a defense of the city, but after just a few hours, English troops had captured Fort Royal on the eastern walls, and had broken through the bridge and gate of St. Clemens from the west. The city had fallen, and what followed was brutal street fighting. Charles now fled his headquarters, riding through the cobbled streets, trying to thread the needle between Royalists' Scots holding the line and the victorious English who were flooding into those streets. His destination was the house he'd been staying in to pack his things. One building, which claims to be this house, is appropriately called King Charles House. I lived on the same street for a few years, and I can tell you that no one's really sure if this is the exact house, but it's been preserved over the centuries, and is now a very nice pub that makes really good pies. But, whichever house it was, Charles's escape almost ended before it began. The victorious parliamentarians flooded through the streets, and they knew where the king had been staying. Charles ran out the back door as soldiers came through the front. It was the first of many close shapes.

让我带你回到上集的结尾。查尔斯勇敢地进攻沃斯特战争，离成功如此之近，结果却变成了他无法阻止的溃败。他的大部分军队为了生命飞快逃回沃斯特城墙后的安全地带，那些保持秩序的人也紧随其后。查尔斯与他们一起回到了位于市区内的总部，现在这里已经成为了一座名为指挥部的博物馆。从这里，查尔斯试图组织对城市的防御，但仅仅几个小时后，英军已经攻占了东城墙上的皇家堡垒，并从西方闯入了圣克莱门教堂的桥梁和大门。城市被攻陷了，接下来是残酷的街头战斗。现在，查尔斯逃离了他的总部，骑马穿过铺满鹅卵石的街道，试图在皇家主义者苏格兰人的防线和涌入街道的胜利的英军之间找到狭窄的出口。他的目的地是他一直住的房子。其中一座声称是他的房子，被适当地称为查尔斯王之家。我在同一条街上住了几年，可以告诉你，没有人确切知道这是否就是确切的房子，但它经过数个世纪保存下来，现在是一家非常不错的酒吧，供应着美味的派。但无论是哪座房子，查尔斯的逃生几乎就要结束了。胜利的议会派涌入街道，他们知道国王曾经住在哪里。当士兵们从前门进来时，查尔斯从后门逃了出去。这是许多逃生险境中的第一个。

Once into the streets, Charles moved north towards St Martin's gate, and he fled the city of Worcester, accompanied by about 60 officers. Most of these men, Scottish cavalry under the command of David Leslie, wanted to rush back the way they came, fleeing north, back to Scotland. Charles disagreed. He preferred to make for London, where he hoped to blend in with the capital's population before boarding a ship to safety. Once the royal party reached White Lady's Priory, a house of one of the royalist officers, the king donned his first disguise.

查尔斯一踏上街头就朝北走，向圣马丁门进发，他带着约60名军官逃离了伍斯特市。其中大多数是苏格兰骑兵，由大卫·莱斯利指挥，他们想要沿原路急忙逃回苏格兰北部。然而，查尔斯持不同意见。他更倾向于前往伦敦，在那里他希望能够与首都的人民融为一体，然后登船安全离开。皇家队伍到达白夫人修道院后，国王开始首次伪装。

He became a farm labourer, quote, in leather-doblet, a pair of green breeches and a jumpcoat of the same green, an old grey greasy hat without a lining, and a noggin shirt of the corsest linen. To complete the look, Charles's famous hair was cut short on top, but leaving it long on the sides. But of course it wouldn't make much sense for a common farm labourer to have an escort of 60 cavalry officers, so from here on Charles would only be accompanied by a few people. This helped him better avoid attention, but left him incredibly vulnerable. The rest of his escort had only recently left White Ladies when a company of parliamentarian soldiers arrived searching for him. Charles hid in a nearby wood in the pouring rain, as his hosts convinced them that the king had been there, but he'd already left. He later said that while the rain was a miserable experience, it probably stopped the defenders from searching the surrounding area.

他成为了一个农场劳工，引用他的穿着，是一件皮革层衫、一条绿色的裤子，和一件相同绿色的短工作外套，还有一顶没有衬里的灰色油脏帽子，和一件粗布的内衣。为了突显这个形象，查尔斯闻名的长发被剪成上面短，两侧留长。当然，一个普通农场劳工要有60名骑兵护卫似乎没有什么意义，所以从那以后，查尔斯只会有几个人陪同。这有助于他更好地避免引起注意，但同时也让他变得极为脆弱。剩下的护卫队员刚离开白色贵妇庄园不久，就有一支议会军士兵的队伍到达，寻找他的下落。查尔斯躲在附近的树林里，在倾盆大雨中，他的主人们说服了这些士兵，告诉他们国王曾在这里，但已经离开了。他后来说，虽然雨天非常痛苦，但也许正因为如此，他们没有搜索周围地区。

Before Charles departed, his hosts attempted to teach the king how to speak like a local, and how to not walk like a king. Charles eventually left White Ladies, attempting to cross the river Severn and get into Wales, but after finding the river closely guarded, he returned to a neighbouring estate, Boscabel House, but also returning with a common wealth soldier who began combing the area for the royal fugitive. So Charles and a Colonel William Careless hid up an oak tree for an entire day. Charles, who was quite tired at this point, fell asleep, and Colonel Careless wasn't Careless with his royal charge. He held the sleeping king as long as he could, and when his strength began to fail, he resorted to pinching the king to keep him awake. This is, by the way, why there are so many pubs in England called the Royal Oak.

在查尔斯离开之前，他的东道主试图教国王如何像当地人一样说话，如何不像国王那样行走。查尔斯最终离开了怀特·莱迪斯，试图穿越塞文河进入威尔士，但在发现这条河有严密的守卫后，他返回到附近的一个庄园，波斯卡贝尔庄园，并带回了一名共和国士兵，他开始在该地区搜寻这位皇室逃亡者。于是，查尔斯和威廉·卡雷尔上了一棵橡树避难了整整一天。在这个时候，查尔斯已经十分疲惫，他睡着了，而卡雷尔上校则对皇室成员非常小心。他尽可能地支撑着熟睡的国王，当他的力量开始衰竭时，他开始掐国王以保持他清醒。顺便说一下，这就是为什么英格兰有这么多名为“皇家橡树”（Royal Oak）的酒吧的原因。

Charles spent many nights and, some days, hiding in the priest halls of the local Catholic gentry of Worcestershire, as his hosts were repeatedly interrogated by parliamentarian soldiers who knew of their royalist leanings and suspected that they knew where the king had gone. Sometimes he was separated from his pursuers by just a thin plank of wood, as they questioned former royalists and searched their property. The plan to journey to London was now off the carts. Soldiers were searching local sympathisers and blocking the roads east, so the plan changed, and Charles now aimed to reach Bristol. He shed his disguise as a farm labourer and became the servant to Jane Lane, who was a sister of a royalist officer. Jane had received permission to travel to visit a friend, and so the plan was to take advantage of this.

查尔斯在伍斯特郡当地天主教绅士的牧师大厅里度过了许多个夜晚，还有一些白天，因为他的东道主一再受到议会士兵的审讯，这些士兵知道他们倾向君主制，他们怀疑他们知道国王去哪里了。有时他只被一块薄木板隔开，他们在询问前君主派和搜查他们的财产。前往伦敦的计划取消了。士兵们在搜索当地的同情者并封锁了东部的道路，所以计划改变了，查尔斯现在的目标是到达布里斯托尔。他摆脱了农民劳动者的伪装，成为了珍·莱恩的仆人，珍是一个君主派军官的姐姐。珍得到了旅行授权，所以计划是利用这个机会。

Again, Charles had to be coached about the role he'd play, the correct etiquette for a servant, which he'd only ever seen from the other side, how he should refer to Lady Jane, and what would be expected of him in public. Then the small group departed, Charles and Jane on the same horse. When they reached Brom's Grove, they realised that the mound had lost a shoe, so Charles, in his role as the servant, obediently took the horse to the blacksmith to have a new one attached. He later told Samuel Peep's quote, As I was holding my horses foot, I asked the Smith what news. He told me that there was no news that he knew of, since the good news of the beating of the rogues of the Scots. I asked him whether there was none of the English taken that had joined with the Scots. He answered, he did not hear if that rogue Charles Stewart had been taken, but some of the others, he said, were taken. I told him that if that rogue were taken, he deserved to be hanged more than all the rest, for bringing in the Scots. Upon which he said, I spoke like an honest man, and so we parted. Charles's first performance as a man of the people had worked. He'd been just one ordinary Englishman talking to another, ordinary Englishman, complaining about politics and the Scots. Nothing could have been more ordinary or less out of place, and so Charles and Lady Jane continued on.

查尔斯再次接受了关于他即将扮演的角色的辅导，学习了仆人的正确礼仪，他之前只从另一角度见过，还学习了如何称呼简夫人，以及在公众场合对他的期望。然后，这个小团队出发了，查尔斯和简夫人同乘一匹马。当他们到达布罗姆斯格罗夫时，发现马丢了一只蹄铁，于是查尔斯按照仆人的身份，顺从地把马带到铁匠那里重新装上。后来，他告诉塞缪尔·皮普斯：“当我拿着马蹄子时，我问铁匠有什么新闻。他告诉我，他所知道的没有什么新闻，只有那些苏格兰流氓被打败的好消息。我问他是否有任何加入苏格兰人的英国人被捕。他回答说，他没有听说查尔斯·斯图尔特这个流氓被捕了，但其他一些人被捕了。我告诉他，如果这个流氓被捕了，他应该比其他所有人都应该被绞死，因为他引进了苏格兰人。对此，他说，我说得像一个诚实的人，然后我们分开了。”查尔斯作为一个普通人的表演成功了。他只是一个普通的英国人，与另一个普通的英国人交谈，抱怨政治和苏格兰人。再没有什么比这更普通也更恰当的了，所以查尔斯和简夫人继续前进。

When they reached the town of Wharton Wellen, they came across a company of dismounted parliamentary cavalry who were resting on the grass beside the road. There was nothing else for it. The fugitives confidently made their way past them, chairing pleasantries and appearing for all the world as ordinary travellers.

当他们到达韦尔顿维伦镇时，他们遇到了一支已经下马休息在路边草地上的议会骑兵部队。他们别无选择，逃亡者们自信地绕过他们，互相寒暄，并表现得像普通旅行者一样。

The party then spent the night at the home of Lady Jane's cousins, and in order to keep up the disguise their new hosts were not told that they were in the presence of their king. So, they sent Lady Jane's servant to go and help in the kitchens, because of course he did. He was just a servant. But Charles was useless in the kitchen. He had no idea how to cook or to clean, so the cook told him to just go and turn the jack to spin the meat over the fire. Surely this incredibly incompetent servant could manage that. Charles almost broke the thing. He turned it the wrong way and caused a screeching metal sound. The cook then stormed over and had to go at him and asked him, what countryman are you that you know not how to wind up a jack? Charles managed to cover for his lack of experience by explaining that his family was too poor to have had meat, so he had never used a jack. It convinced the cook, and it also shows how the king was now, perhaps more than ever, aware of the reality of life for his poorest subjects. He'd spent more time among them over his last few weeks than ever before.

然后，派对在简夫人的堂兄家过了一夜，为了保持伪装，他们的新主人并不知道他们的国王在场。所以，他们派了简夫人的仆人去厨房帮忙。毕竟，他只是个仆人。但是查尔斯在厨房里一点用处都没有。他不知道如何做饭或者打扫，所以厨师告诉他去转动烤肉器。这个极度不称职的仆人应该能做到吧。查尔斯几乎把东西弄坏了。他往反方向转，导致了一声刺耳的金属声。厨师愤怒地走过去责备他，问他你是哪国人竟然不会卷紧一个烤肉器？查尔斯成功地掩饰了自己经验的缺乏，解释说他的家里太穷，从来没有用过烤肉器。厨师相信了他，这也表明国王现在可能比以往任何时候都更加认识到穷人的生活现实。在过去的几周里，他比以往任何时候都更多地与他们待在一起。

After leaving the next day, the party stayed the night at an inn, and the following day reached the home of George Norton. The plan remained to keep Charles' true identity a secret, and so he was introduced as Lady Jane's servant William Jackson. But a moment of crisis struck when Charles recognized the Norton's Butler, John Pope, to be a former servant of his own when he was a boy. Pope had even served in the royalist cavalry of his father. But, despite everything, Charles' disguise held up. Pope didn't recognize him. So Lady Jane asked that her man Jackson be taken somewhere quiet to sleep off a fever. This kept the king firmly out of sight of prying eyes.

第二天离开后，聚会的人在一家客栈过了一夜，第二天到达了乔治·诺顿的家。计划仍然是保守查尔斯的真实身份秘密，所以他被介绍为简夫人的仆人威廉·杰克逊。但是，当查尔斯认出诺顿家的管家约翰·波普时，危机来临了。原来，波普竟然曾是查尔斯小时候时的仆人，甚至曾在他父亲的皇家骑兵队服役。但是，尽管一切如此，查尔斯的伪装还是坚持了下来。波普没有认出他。因此，简夫人请求将她的男仆杰克逊带到一个安静的地方，好睡一觉，这样就可以完全避开窥探之眼，将国王牢牢地隐藏起来。

The next morning, Jackson enjoyed a breakfast of bread and butter with the other servants when they were joined by a veteran of the Battle of Worcester, from his own army. Again, Charles was not recognized despite the man having fought for him just weeks earlier. Charles decided to play with fire at this point, and asked the soldier what the king was like. He was then given an exact description of what he had been wearing at the battle, and was then told that the king was at least three fingers taller than Jackson. Charles then decided that he'd better make himself scarce before the soldier noticed his other similarities, and so he left the room with Pope. As he did so, the Lady of the House walked by, and, remembering his etiquette training, Charles docked his hat to his social superior. Pope now saw him without it for the first time, and immediately recognized him. So the king had to bring the butler into his confidence. Charles admitted his identity to Pope, and Pope gladly joined the escape attempt. He was sent to nearby Bristol to find a ship that was bound for Spain or France, but returned to report that there weren't any due to leave for another month. So instead, the group rode to the south coast. Hearing word that a ship was sailing to Brittany from the port of Charmel, Charles then entered the town alongside the young niece of the Royalist Lady Windom. Their cover story, if they were stopped, was that they were alloping. But once in Charmel, the captain didn't turn up. He had apparently been locked in his bedroom by his wife, who didn't want him getting mixed up in anything dangerous. So the next day, Charles and his alloping bride-to-be travelled seven miles east to Brideport.

第二天早上，当杰克逊和其他仆人一起享用面包和黄油的早餐时，一位来自他自己军队中参加过伍斯特战役的老兵加入了他们。尽管这个人几周前曾为他战斗过，查尔斯仍然没有被认出来。这时，查尔斯决定玩火，问士兵国王是什么样子。士兵精确地描述了国王在战斗中穿着的样子，然后告诉查尔斯，国王比杰克逊高出至少三个手指。查尔斯决定在士兵注意到他的其他相似之处之前，最好离开这个房间，于是他和波普一起离开了。就在他这样做时，庄园女主人从旁边经过，查尔斯记得他的礼仪训练，向社会上位者鞠躬致意。波普第一次看到他脱下帽子，立刻认出了他。所以国王不得不让管家加入他的计划。查尔斯向波普承认了自己的身份，波普欣然接受了逃跑计划。他被派往附近的布里斯托尔找一艘开往西班牙或法国的船，但返回报告说没有船要再过一个月才能离开。因此，这个小组选择骑行到南海岸。听说从查梅尔港有一艘船要开往布列塔尼，查尔斯随即与皇室女维多姆的年轻侄女一同进入了该城镇。他们的掩护故事是，他们正在私奔。但一旦到达查梅尔，船长却没有出现。他显然被妻子锁在卧室里，不希望他卷入任何危险之中。所以下一天，查尔斯和他的“私奔未婚妻”向东行程七英里，到达布赖德波特。

Their flight from Charmel could not have come sooner. A blacksmith, who had been summoned to fit new shoes to the party's horses, had noticed that one of them bore shoes smith at Worcester. Now that was suspicious, and so he reported it. The parliamentary garrison arrived to arrest the suspected Royalist survivors of the battle, but they'd already fled east. A cavalry troop under one Captain Macey set off in pursuit.

他们从查梅尔逃离来得正是时候。一个铁匠被召唤前来给队伍的马匹装上新的蹄铁，他注意到其中一匹马的蹄铁上刻有“伍斯特的铁匠”。这引起了他的怀疑，于是他报告了这个情况。议会军队赶到现场，准备逮捕被怀疑为保皇党幸存者的人，但他们已经东逃了。马西上尉率领一支骑兵队伍展开追击。

When Johann Raul received the letter on Christmas Day 1776, he put it away to read later. Maybe he thought it was a season's greeting and wanted to save it for the fireside. But what it actually was was a warning, delivered to the Hessian Colonel, letting him know that General George Washington was crossing the Delaware and would soon attack his forces. The next day, when Raul lost the Battle of Trenton and died from two colonial boxing day musket balls, the letter was found, unopened in his vest pocket.

当约翰·劳尔在1776年圣诞节收到这封信时，他把它放在一边等待稍后阅读。也许他以为这是一个节日问候，想要保存到炉边再读。但实际上这是一封警告信，送给黑森上校，告诉他乔治·华盛顿将要横渡特伦顿并很快进攻他的军队。次日，当劳尔在特伦顿之战中失败并身中两颗殖民地拳筒子弹身亡时，这封信被发现时还是未开封状态，放在了他的背心口袋里。

As someone with 15,000 unread emails in his inbox, I feel like there's a lesson there. Oh well, this is the constant, a history of getting things wrong.

作为一个收件箱里有1.5万封未读邮件的人，我觉得其中有一个教训。哎，这就是不断犯错的常态，一个历史。

I'm Mark Chrysler. Every episode we look at the bad ideas, mistakes, and accidents that misshaped our world. Find us at constantpodcast.com or wherever you get your podcasts.

我是马克·克莱斯勒。在每一集中，我们会探讨那些坏主意、错误以及造成了我们现实世界变形的意外事件。请在constantpodcast.com或者你获取播客的任何地方找到我们。

Hi, I'm Michael Troy, host of the American Revolution Podcast on the Airwave Media Network. This podcast is the origin story of the United States. How we went from colonies ruled by a king to the Democratic Republic that we enjoy today. The American Revolution podcast tells the story of the revolution from beginning to end, starting with the events leading up to the war, including a look at the French and Indian War and pre-war disputes. We then go through the war itself and eventually reach the founding of a new nation based on principles of democratic government. Along the way, there are lots of great stories of both selfishness and sacrifice, some unbelievable human achievements, and some all too familiar examples of greed, self-dealing, and betrayal. Please subscribe for free to the American Revolution Podcast available on all major podcast platforms. I hope you will join me today on the American Revolution Podcast.

大家好，我是迈克尔·特洛伊，美国革命播客在Airwave Media Network上的主持人。这个播客讲述了美国的起源故事。我们是如何从被国王统治的殖民地变成今天享有的民主共和国的。美国革命播客从开端到终结，讲述了革命的故事。从战争前的事件开始，包括法印战争和战前争议的审视。然后我们经历了战争本身，最终到达了一个基于民主政府原则的新国家的建立。在此过程中，有很多关于自私和牺牲的精彩故事，一些令人难以置信的人类成就，以及一些太过熟悉的贪婪、自私和背叛的例子。请免费订阅在所有主要播客平台上提供的美国革命播客。希望您今天能加入我，一起听美国革命播客。

But it looked like Charles had climbed out of the frying pan and into the fire, because when they reached Brightport, they found the town swarming with parliamentary soldiers. An entire army was mustering there in preparation for an attack on the island of Jersey, one of the last remaining strongholds of the Royalist cause. Charles had, of course, been in Jersey the previous year, but now any thought that the island could be a refuge was gone.

但看起来，查尔斯似乎是从火坑中逃出来又跳入了火海，因为当他们到达布赖特波特时，他们发现城镇里挤满了议会的士兵。整个军队正在准备进攻泽西岛，这是保皇党事业中仅存的最后一个据点之一。查尔斯上一年当然曾在泽西岛，但现在任何认为该岛可以成为避难所的念头都已消失。

The sheer number of soldiers spooked some members of the party, but again, in his telling of the story, Charles decided that turning around would be suspicious, and so they boldly marched through a courtyard full of redcoats to reach in in. Charles, again following his chosen role, took the horses to the stable, and he wasn't sneaking. He made a point of getting in the way, knocking into enemy soldiers and playing the part of the bumbling servant.

一些党派成员被大量的士兵吓到了，但是查尔斯在叙述故事时决定不转身，因为这样会引人注意，所以他们大胆地穿过一个布满红衣士兵的庭院，终于到达了目的地。查尔斯按照他选择的角色，把马带到了马厩，他并没有悄悄行动。他特意挡住路，撞到敌军士兵，扮演出一个笨拙的仆人的角色。

Again, the king came close to discovery, when he met yet another figure from his past in the stable, but he managed to convince the man that he only looked familiar because he'd served in old neighbour of his. The party moved on the next day, spending the night at Broad Windsor. Like Brightport, Broad Windsor was full of enemy soldiers. Charles and friends booked the last room in the George Inn at the very top of the building, with parliamentary officers taking up most of the rest of the rooms.

再次，国王接近了发现的时刻，当他在马厩里又遇到了另一个他过去的人。但他设法说服这个人，告诉他只是因为曾在他的老邻居那里工作，所以他看起来面熟。第二天，他们继续前进，晚上在布罗德温莎住宿。像布莱特波特一样，布罗德温莎也充满了敌军士兵。查尔斯和朋友们预订了位于建筑物最顶层的乔治酒店的最后一间房，而国会官员们则占据了其他大部分房间。

That night became much safer for them, when another guest suddenly went into labour, and the soldiers decided that they weren't going to deal with that racket and went to sleep somewhere else.

那天晚上对他们来说变得更加安全，因为另一位客人突然进入分娩阶段，士兵们决定不再忍受那种嘈杂声，选择去另外一个地方睡觉。

It was whilst staying there that the fugitives learnt that the captain they had arranged a deal with, the one who'd been locked in his house by his wife, had now backed out of the plan. He knew that whatever he was being paid to do was clearly incredibly dangerous, though he didn't know he would be smuggling the king. He now refused to take part, unwilling to risk his life or liberty.

就在逗留期间，逃亡者得知与他们安排交易的船长被他的妻子锁在家中后，已经退出了计划。他知道他所要承担的任务显然极为危险，尽管他不知道自己将会走私国王。他拒绝参加，不愿冒生命和自由的风险。

With that escape plan now scuppered, the party left the George Inn and retreated to Trend House, the home of Colonel Francis Windham, where they had previously stayed. But the net was closing in on the fugitives. Shortly after the king left the George Inn, and we're talking literally minutes after they rode off, Captain Macy and his cavalry arrived. They had followed the party from Charmoth, where the blacksmith had reported his suspicions, and they asked around the inn about the fugitives.

由于逃生计划失败，一行人离开了乔治酒店，撤退到之前他们曾入住过的弗朗西斯·温德姆上校的特伦德豪斯。但逃犯离被捕的时间越来越近。国王离开乔治酒店的时候没过多久，可能只是几分钟之后，梅西队长和他的骑兵就到达了。他们从查莫斯一路跟着一行人，那里的铁匠已经报告了他的怀疑，并且他们在酒店打听到了关于逃犯的情况。

When they were informed that yes a group matching the description had been there, and only just left for London, the cavalry mounted up and charged after them. Luckily for the fugitives, they charged the wrong way. Charles's party had wisely doubled back after appearing to head for London, and Captain Macy only turned around after he reached Doncaster 15 miles away, and had seen no sign of them.

当他们被告知确实有一群与描述相符的人曾经在那里，而且刚刚离开去伦敦的时候，骑兵们立刻跃马而出，追捕他们。幸运的是，逃亡者们逆向而行，巧妙地折回了伦敦方向，而Captain Macy则在15英里以外的唐卡斯特才反方向转身，并且没有看到他们的踪迹。

Still, this had been an incredibly narrow escape, and the king's chances weren't improved as former allies turned on him. The reward for his capture was now £1,000, an incredible sum for almost anyone. Throw in the consequences for having helped the king, execution for treason, and it's only surprising that it took so long for an ally to betray him. That traitor was Captain Eliston, who had been part of the Charmoth plan, with its failure seems to have decided that Charles had no chance, and it was better to be on the winning side.

然而，这次逃脱十分艰险，而且国王的机会并没有因前盟友的背叛而得到改善。抓捕他的赏金现在已经是1000英镑，对于几乎任何人来说都是一个不可思议的数额。再加上帮助国王会面临叛国罪的后果，想要找到背叛者真是花了太长时间才让人惊讶。而这个背叛者就是埃利斯顿上尉，他曾是查莫斯计划的一部分，但计划失败后似乎认定查尔斯没有机会了，所以站在胜利一方更好。

He took off on his own pursuit of the fugitives, and tried to convince other allies of Charles to help bring him in. Captain Macy soon returned, and possibly on a tip-off from Eliston, ransacked the home of Sir Hugh Windham, Colonel Windham's uncle. By this time, the Republican soldiers had learned the identity of their quarry. This wasn't just a group of low-ranked royalist officers who had escaped the Battle of Worcester. Their target was the heir to the House of Stewart. Macy informed Sir Hugh that he was there to arrest Charles Stewart, who he had reason to believe was being sheltered by the Windhams. Macy's intel was accurate, but only to a point, because Charles was hidden by a different Windham in a different house.

他独自追捕逃犯，并试图说服查尔斯的其他盟友来帮助把他抓捕归案。很快，梅西船长回来了，有可能是根据埃利斯顿的线报，搜查了温德姆爵士的家，温德姆上校的叔叔。此时，共和国士兵已经知道了他们追捕的目标的身份。这不仅仅是一群逃离伍斯特之战的低级别皇室军官。他们的目标是斯图亚特家族的继承人。梅西告诉温德姆爵士，他来这里是为了逮捕查尔斯·斯图亚特，他有理由相信查尔斯就藏在温德姆家里。梅西的情报确实准确，但仅限于某个程度，因为查尔斯实际上由另一个温德姆在另一所房子中藏匿。

But that didn't stop an overexcited soldier from accusing one of Sir Hugh's daughters of being the king in disguise. As Sir Hugh's house was ransacked searching for priest holes or hideaways, the king was hidden away at Colonel Windham's Trent House. Charles spent the next 12 days at Trent House, as allies were found, and a new plan of escape was worked out. Their first plan was to sail from a small hamlet near Southampton, and get to France from there. But the looming invasion of Jersey got in the way. The ship, the fugitives at hired, was soon requisitioned for the war effort, and yet another opportunity to escape England was taken away by chance. But all was not lost.

但这并没有阻止一位过度兴奋的士兵指责休爵士的一位女儿是国王的假扮。由于休爵士的住所被洗劫一空，搜寻司祭洞或藏身之处，国王被藏在温德姆上校的特伦特庄园中。查尔斯在特伦特庄园度过了接下来的12天，期间找到了盟友，制定了一项新的逃亡计划。他们的第一个计划是从南安普顿附近的一个小村庄出海，然后从那里前往法国。然而，泽西岛即将发生的侵略事件阻碍了计划。他们所雇用的船只很快被征用用于战争努力，再一次逃离英格兰的机会也被偶然夺走。但并非一无所获。

On the 7th of October, another arrangement was made to smuggle Charles out of the Kingdom. One Captain Nicholas Taticell, an enterprising seaman, agreed to smuggle two men to France aboard his coalboat, the surprise, for a sum of 80 pounds. He didn't know it yet, but those two men were Charles II and Henry Wilmet, a noble who had been with Charles for almost his entire journey. Almost a week after this arrangement was made, during which Charles found the time to visit nearby Stonehenge, Charles and Wilmet along with two other companions set off to meet with the captain. Their journey to Bright Helmston, now modern Brighton, was an eventful one. They spent a night with Colonel Gunther's brother-in-law, who was a heavy drinker. Charles led his latest disguise and now became a Puritan, and leaned into this role by gently chiding his host whenever he swore.

在10月7日，另一个计划被安排用来偷运查尔斯离开王国。一位名叫尼古拉斯·塔提切尔的大胆船员同意以80英镑的价格偷运两个人乘坐他的煤船“惊讶号”前往法国。他尚不知道，那两个人是查尔斯二世和亨利·威尔梅特，一个与查尔斯几乎始终同行的贵族。在此安排完成后的几乎一周时间里，查尔斯还趁机参观了附近的巨石阵，然后和威尔梅特连同其他两名同伴一起出发去见船长。他们前往现在的布赖顿，原名Bright Helmston，的旅程是多事的。他们在冈瑟上校的亲戚家过了一夜，那个亲戚是一个重度酒鬼。查尔斯换上了最新的伪装，成了一个清教徒，并在别人发誓时轻轻地批评他的主人，以更好地扮演这个角色。

His host was generous though, and kept playing his guest with alcohol. While a very nice gesture, it was dangerous for the Fugitive King, and so whenever his host was distracted, Charles poured some of his drink away or into the cups of his companions. Gunther got his king out of the situation by convincing his brother-in-law that, if the uptight Puritan was allowed to go to bed, they could all have way more fun. Wilmet was quite happy to let the king go to bed, and he matched his host drink for drink, staying up late into the night. The next day, Charles and a very hungover Wilmet passed through a village on the way to Bright Homstone, and were faced with a sight of horror. 50 cavalrymen were charging down the street towards them. Charles's heart sank. Who knows what Wilmet's stomach did, as it appeared that they had finally run out of luck just miles from safety. But to the royal party's relief, the soldiers veered past them and down another street. Simply keeping their cool in the face of imminent discovery had kept the fugitives at large.

他的主人非常慷慨，不断用酒招待他的客人。虽然这是一个非常友好的举动，但对于逃亡的国王来说却很危险。因此，只要他的主人分神的时候，查尔斯就会把一些酒倒掉或倒到他的同伴的杯子里。冈瑟尔通过说服自己的姐夫，让那个拘谨的清教徒去睡觉，使国王摆脱了这种情况，这样他们就可以更开心地玩乐。威尔梅特非常乐意让国王去睡觉，她与他的主人一起喝酒，整夜都没有睡。第二天，查尔斯和醉醺醺的威尔梅特经过一个村庄，前往布莱特霍姆斯通，然后他们看到了一幕恐怖的景象。50名骑兵正朝他们冲过来。查尔斯的心一沉。谁知道威尔梅特的胃会做出怎样的反应，因为他们似乎在离安全只有几英里的地方陷入了困境。但令皇家一派松了一口气的是，士兵们绕过了他们，沿着另一条街道前进。在即将被发现的紧要关头保持冷静使逃亡者得以安然无恙。

The final obstacle in Charles's escape came once they reached Brighton. Here they waited at and in, also called the George for Captain Tatasal. When the captain arrived, he was livid to find that one of his passengers was to be the Fugitive King. That increased the stakes dramatically. It was one thing to smuggle a couple of royalist out of the country. It was quite another to commit the treasonous act of aiding Charles II. Tatasal made such a scene that the innkeeper came over to see what the fuss was. He too recognized that he had a once and future king as a customer. He'd served in the royal household in the past, and he was much happier to see the king than Tatasal had been. But, like I said, Tatasal was enterprising, and he saw the opportunity. Now he demanded that he be paid even more. Two hundred pounds would be his fee to be paid at a future date, provided Colonel Gunther swore to it. Gunther certainly swore at him for the captain's opportunism, but Tatasal wouldn't budge and the price was agreed.

查尔斯逃亡的最后障碍出现在他们到达布莱顿后。在那里，他们在一个叫做乔治酒店的地方等待塔塔萨尔船长。当船长到达时，他震怒地发现其中一位乘客竟然是逃亡的国王。这使得风险大大增加。从国家走私出几名王室支持者是一回事，而帮助查尔斯二世则是另一回事，涉及到背叛行为。塔塔萨尔引起了如此大的场面，旅店老板过来看个究竟。他也认出了他的顾客既是过去的国王，也将成为未来的国王。他以前在皇家家庭服务过，看到国王比塔塔萨尔高兴得多。但是，正如我所说，塔塔萨尔是个机会主义者，他看到了机会。现在他要求得到更多的报酬。二百英镑将会是他未来要求的费用，但得由冈瑟上校宣誓。冈瑟对船长的机会主义大骂了一通，但塔塔萨尔毫不动摇，价格达成了协议。

Late that night, at 2am, the party left for Shoram. They reached the boat surprise soon after, and when the tide was high enough to cast off, Charles and Wilmot sailed out into the channel at 7am in the morning. Again, parliamentarians had been close on their heels. Soldiers arrived at Shoram two hours after the remaining members of the royal party left the town. They had narrowly missed their quarry. Word was sent to the fleet, but with their head start, there was no chance of catching them. Charles and the ever loyal Wilmot would land in Normandy the next day.

那天晚上，凌晨2点，派对离开了索兰姆前往海边。不久后，他们就找到了船只惊喜，在潮水足够的时候，查尔斯和威尔莫特在早上7点驶离海岸进入海峡。此时，议会议员们紧随其后。士兵们在王室成员离开小镇两个小时后抵达了索兰姆，可惜他们刚错过了目标。消息被传到舰队，但由于他们有先发优势，没有追上他们的机会。第二天，查尔斯和忠诚的威尔莫特将登陆诺曼底。

After six weeks on the run, Charles II had finally escaped England. Now of course, we can't say for sure how accurate the details of Charles's escape are. The bulk of our information comes from people who recorded what they heard from the king, who, after decades of telling the story, changed details and embellished or undersold others, whether deliberately or because that's how memory works.

六周的逃亡后，查理二世终于成功逃离了英格兰。当然，我们不能确定查理逃脱的细节有多准确。我们获得的大部分信息来自那些记录了他听到的国王的人，经过几十年一再讲述故事后，他们会故意改变细节、增添或淡化其他内容，这可能是出于记忆的原因。

We know that after the restoration, Charles did reward those who had helped him escape. They had effectively saved his life after all. It also gave the future king a greater sympathy for his Catholic subjects, who had made up the majority of those willing to risk everything, their positions, their property, even their lives, to help him when by any stretch of the imagination, he would probably never be in a position to reward them.

我们知道，恢复后，查尔斯确实对那些帮助他逃脱的人给予了奖励。毕竟，他们有效地拯救了他的生命。这也让未来的国王对他的天主教信徒产生了更大的同情，因为他们构成了那些愿意冒一切风险的人的大部分，他们不仅仅拿出他们的地位、财产，甚至包括他们的生命来帮助他，以任何想象的方式，他都可能永远不能回报他们。

Worcester had been the death knell for the Royalist cause. Now whether Charles really did play up his roles, knocking Cromwell soldiers over as a bumbling servant or telling off people for drinking as an uptight Puritan, we'll never know. But it does chime with Charles' personality, and so I'd like to think so.

伍斯特对于皇党的事业来说是致命的一击。现在无论查尔斯是否真的夸大了自己的角色，像一个笨拙的仆人推倒克伦威尔的士兵，或者像一个拘谨的清教徒责备人们喝酒，我们永远不会知道。但这与查尔斯的个性相符，所以我愿意这样想。

Next week we'll bring the wars of the three kingdoms firmly to a close, as England's armies mop up the last remnants of opposition.

下周，我们将彻底结束三个王国的战争，因为英格兰的军队将清除最后的反抗残余。

Thank you to my House of Lords, including but not limited to the king's favourite, Mike Sanders, the Duke of Bracewell, David Braswell, the Markers of Ludlow, Nick Robinson and the Earl of Dorset, William Pendleton. Go to patreon.com slash packs Britannica to join their ranks and listen to the podcast without ads. Remember that you can join the mailing list to get news about the show by going to the link in the description.

感谢我的上议院成员，包括但不仅限于国王的最爱Mike Sanders，布雷斯威尔公爵，大卫·布拉斯韦尔，拉德洛的标记人尼克·罗宾逊和多塞特伯爵威廉·彭德尔顿。请访问patreon.com/packsbritannica，加入他们的行列，无需广告地收听播客。请记住，您可以加入邮件列表，了解关于节目的新闻，请点击描述中的链接。

For other great podcasts on the airwave network, check out airwavemedia.com. And thank you to Sounds Like An Earful for the Interval Music in today's episode, to my entire House of Lords, and to you for listening.

在airwavemedia.com上查看其他出色的播客，并对今天的剧集中的间隙音乐致以感谢，感谢Sounds Like An Earful，感谢我的整个上议院，也感谢你的收听。

Hi, I'm Mike Troy, host of the American Revolution Podcast, on the airwave media network. This podcast is the origin story of the United States, how we went from colonies ruled by a king to the Democratic Republic that we have today. The American Revolution podcast tells the story of the revolution from beginning to end. Please subscribe for free. We're available on all major podcast platforms. I hope you will join me today on the American Revolution Podcast.

大家好，我是迈克·特洛伊，美国革命播客的主持人，广播在空间媒体网络上。这个播客讲述了美国的起源故事，从被国王统治的殖民地到今天的民主共和国。美国革命播客从头到尾地讲述了这场革命的故事。请免费订阅我们，我们在所有主要的播客平台都有。希望你们今天能加入我，在美国革命播客中一同探索。