Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick says new tariffs here to stay

好的，以下是根据提供的文稿，对商务部长霍华德·卢特尼克 (Howard Lutnik) 所提出的关键观点和论据的总结翻译： 这次采访主要围绕特朗普政府的贸易政策，特别是关税的征收，以及随后的市场反应和全球回应展开。采访者就关税背后的理由、其对美国企业和消费者的影响以及长期战略等方面向卢特尼克进行提问。 卢特尼克为关税辩护，认为这是关乎国家安全和经济的必要措施，并声称美国几十年来一直被其他国家“敲诈勒索”。他认为，美国拥有高达 1.2 万亿美元的巨额贸易逆差，这会将财富和美国资产的所有权转移到其他国家。他描绘了一幅美国制造业基地衰落的图景，其中药品、船舶、钢铁、铝和半导体等必需品不再在国内生产。他认为，这种依赖性在冲突时期对国家安全构成威胁。 卢特尼克声称，关税旨在“重置”全球贸易，并鼓励公司在美国投资和生产。 他强调，美国是世界上最大的消费市场，本届政府打算保护那些选择在美国建立工厂和运营的公司。他避免给出关税将持续多久的明确时间表，声称它们“肯定会在几天和几周内保持有效”，并强调总统希望重置全球贸易。 采访者就关税宣布后全球市场的恐慌向卢特尼克施压，并询问本届政府是否预料到这种反应。卢特尼克辩称，恢复美国经济实力的长期目标超过了短期市场波动。 采访的一个重要部分围绕美国再工业化的实际影响展开。 采访者询问卢特尼克，面对关税持续时间和范围的不确定性，企业如何做出投资决策。卢特尼克的回答是，美国将保护那些投资美国的公司，并且已经承诺投入数万亿美元用于在那里建设工厂。 他针对美国劳动力成本较高的问题表示，美国工人更优秀，本届政府将保护在美国建造的工厂。 卢特尼克淡化了通过谈判缓解关税局势的可能性，声称关税肯定会到来。 他驳斥了推迟实施进行谈判的想法，重申总统致力于重置全球贸易。 他解释说，本届政府的目标不仅仅是关税，而是解决允许其他国家剥削美国的不公平贸易行为。 采访者提出了一个问题，即为什么赫德岛和麦克唐纳群岛等看似随机的国家（这些国家与美国的贸易额极低）也包含在关税清单中。卢特尼克解释说，这是为了防止其他国家通过这些地区运输货物来规避关税。他暗示了中国过去通过其他国家运输货物以避免 2018 年征收关税的做法。 卢特尼克被问及是否会提供补贴或救助以抵消关税的负面影响，特别是对农民的影响。他说他没有参与任何相关会议。卢特尼克还认为，新工厂将主要实现自动化，它们将为机械师和电工等行业的技术工人提供更好的工作。 他还对这样一种观点不屑一顾，即在中国公司将业务转移到美国的同时，中国将在短期内从关税中受益。 他指出，美国是世界上最大的消费市场，世界其他地区拥有贸易顺差，因为这不公平，所以美国必须掌控自己。 总而言之，卢特尼克为特朗普政府的贸易政策辩护，将其描述为保护国家安全、恢复美国经济实力和结束几十年不公平贸易行为的必要措施。 他坚称关税不可谈判，并将保持不变，直到全球贸易体系被“重置”。 尽管承认存在短期经济中断的可能性，但他有信心，再工业化和公平竞争环境的长期利益将超过成本。

Okay, here's a summarization of the provided transcript, focusing on the key points and arguments presented by Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnik: The interview centers around the Trump administration's trade policies, particularly the imposition of tariffs, and the subsequent market reaction and global response. The interviewer probes Lutnik about the rationale behind the tariffs, their impact on American businesses and consumers, and the long-term strategy. Lutnik defends the tariffs as a matter of national security and economic necessity, asserting that the United States has been "ripped off" by other countries for decades. He argues that the US has a massive trade deficit of $1.2 trillion, which transfers wealth and ownership of American assets to other nations. He paints a picture of a declining US manufacturing base, where essential items like medicine, ships, steel, aluminum, and semiconductors are no longer produced domestically. This dependency, he argues, poses a threat to national security in times of conflict. Lutnik claims the tariffs are designed to "reset" global trade and encourage companies to invest and manufacture in the United States. He emphasizes that the U.S. is the largest consumer market in the world and the administration intends to protect companies that choose to build their factories and operations in America. He avoids giving a definitive timeline for how long the tariffs will remain in place, stating they are "definitely going to stay in place for days and weeks" and emphasizing that the president wants to reset global trade. The interviewer presses Lutnik on the panic in the global markets following the tariff announcements and asks if the administration anticipated such a reaction. Lutnik argues that the long-term goal of restoring American economic power outweighs the short-term market volatility. A significant part of the interview revolves around the practical implications of re-industrializing the United States. The interviewer asks Lutnik how businesses can make investment decisions in the face of uncertainty about the duration and scope of the tariffs. Lutnik's response is that the U.S. will protect companies that invest in America and that trillions of dollars are already committed to building factories there. He addresses concerns about the higher cost of American labor by stating that American workers are better and that the administration will protect factories built in the U.S. Lutnik downplays the potential for negotiations to alleviate the tariff situation, stating that the tariffs are definitely coming. He dismisses the idea of postponing implementation to negotiate, reiterating that the president is committed to resetting global trade. He explains that the administration's goal isn't just about tariffs, but about addressing unfair trade practices that allow other countries to exploit the U.S. The interviewer raises the issue of why seemingly random countries, like the Herd and McDonald Islands, which have minimal trade with the U.S., are included in the tariff list. Lutnik explains that this is to prevent other countries from circumventing the tariffs by shipping goods through these territories. He alludes to China's past practice of routing goods through other countries to avoid tariffs imposed in 2018. Lutnik is questioned about potential subsidies or bailouts to offset the negative impacts of tariffs, particularly on farmers. He says he hasn't been involved in any meetings about that. Lutnik also argues that the new factories will be mostly automated, and they will offer better jobs for skilled workers in the trades such as mechanics and electricians. He is also dismissive of the idea that China will benefit from the tariffs in the short term while companies move their operations to the US. He notes that the US is the world's biggest consumer market and the rest of the world has trade surpluses because it is not fair, so the US must take hold of itself. In summary, Lutnik defends the Trump administration's trade policies by portraying them as a necessary measure to protect national security, restore American economic power, and end decades of unfair trade practices. He insists that the tariffs are non-negotiable and will remain in place until the global trading system is "reset." While acknowledging the potential for short-term economic disruption, he expresses confidence that the long-term benefits of re-industrialization and a level playing field will outweigh the costs.