Israel Is Destroying Itself With Its Settlement Policy

以下是内容的中文翻译： 这场由“智识平方”（Intelligence Squared）组织的辩论围绕着一个议题展开：“以色列正因其定居点政策走向自我毁灭。” 辩论由四位发言者进行，他们提出了截然不同的观点。主持人蒂姆·弗兰克斯强调了该话题的高度争议性，并敦促观众在形成观点之前进行批判性地倾听。 **威廉·西卡特（William Seacart），**为*支持*议题方辩论，强调了以色列定居点政策的破坏性。他认为，在国际公认为巴勒斯坦领土的西岸地区持续扩张定居点，导致世界质疑以色列寻求和平的诚意。他通过地图来形象化这个问题，地图描绘了不断缩小的巴勒斯坦土地。西卡特认为，定居点破坏了国际社会对以色列的支持，导致其日益孤立和丧失合法性。他指出，联合国对巴勒斯坦观察员地位的压倒性国际支持就是这种支持减弱的证据。他认为，即使以色列想要扭转局面，定居者庞大的数量也使得撤离极其困难。他总结说，随着两国方案的逐渐消失，一国方案对以色列人缺乏吸引力，以及国际支持的下降，以色列正走向自我毁灭。 **丹尼·戴恩（Danny Diane），**为*反对*议题方辩论，驳斥了定居点政策正在侵蚀以色列的道德地位或战略地位的说法。他首先指出了阿拉伯国家存在的虚伪现象，并解释了冲突的道德复杂性，将其描绘成两个拥有深刻（尽管相互冲突）历史叙事的民族之间的冲突。他声称，以色列居住在犹太和撒玛利亚地区在道德上无可挑剔。他将犹太复国主义视为一场民族解放运动，而巴勒斯坦人则将其视为殖民主义。然而，巴勒斯坦人在1947年拒绝分割方案，以及随后对以色列的袭击，丧失了他们要求分割的道德权利，使得以色列在西岸的存在在道德上是正当的。在战略上，戴恩认为两国方案不会解决冲突，反而会加剧冲突。他以加沙撤离为例，说明了以色列的错误。在他看来，定居点捍卫着以色列的生存。 **丹尼尔·列维（Daniel Levy），**为*支持*议题方辩论，使用了克里奥索特先生（Mr. Creosote）的比喻，指出一个前哨站都嫌多。他提出了以色列被迫做出选择的观点。他认为，以色列面临着在成为一个犹太国家、一个民主国家和控制所有领土之间做出选择。他认为以色列不能同时拥有这三者，因为伴随着领土而来的是居民，以及在民主权利之间做出选择。他认为，定居点实际上使两国方案变得不可能，并推动巴勒斯坦人倾向于倡导一国民主制。他认为，定居点政策破坏了替代解决方案的前景，例如邦联。列维认为，定居点是以色列现状的缩影。他警告说，受定居点驱动，以色列正经历一场“民主衰退”，并将定居点视为以色列安全的高风险战略，尤其是在当前的阿拉伯局势下。 **卡罗琳·格利克（Caroline Glick），**为*反对*议题方辩论，热情地捍卫犹太人在任何地方居住的公民权利，包括在西岸。她认为该议题要求她支持一个没有犹太人的巴勒斯坦国。她反驳了定居点是和平障碍的说法，并以以色列与埃及和约旦的和平协议作为反例。她斥责那些声称犹太人定居点会导致犹太人成为少数民族的一国方案的人，认为人口结构仍然大大有利于犹太人。格利克认为，问题的关键在于犹太人的公民权利，因为告诉犹太人他们不能因为宗教原因居住在某些地区，在道德上是令人反感的。她认为，想要建立一个基于民族纯洁性的国家是一个失败的主张。她将此比作历史上的绥靖主义和犹太人的废弃。她总结说，将犹太人从西岸驱逐出去的努力，是为了安抚想要对犹太人民实施种族灭绝的恐怖组织。 这场辩论突出了围绕以色列-巴勒斯坦冲突的根本分歧，特别是定居点的作用。论点涵盖了以色列安全和国际地位的战略考虑，以及关于权利、历史叙事和公正持久和平定义的道德论点。

This Intelligence Squared debate centers on the motion: "Israel is destroying itself with its settlement policy." The discussion features four speakers who present sharply contrasting viewpoints. The chair, Tim Franks, underscores the highly contentious nature of the topic and urges the audience to listen critically before forming an opinion. **William Seacart,** arguing *for* the motion, emphasizes the destructiveness of Israel's settlement policy. He contends that the continued expansion of settlements in the West Bank, land internationally recognized as Palestinian territory, leads the world to question Israel's sincerity in pursuing peace. He visualizes the issue through maps that outline the shrinking Palestinian land. Seacart argues that the settlements undermine international support for Israel, leading to its increasing isolation and delegitimization. He points to the overwhelming international support for Palestinian observer status at the UN as evidence of this waning support. He posits that even if Israel wanted to reverse course, the sheer number of settlers makes withdrawal exceedingly difficult. He concludes that with the two-state solution fading, the one-state solution unappealing to Israelis, and international support declining, Israel is heading toward its own destruction. **Danny Diane,** arguing *against* the motion, refutes the claim that settlement policy is eroding Israel's moral standing or strategic position. He starts by calling out the hypocrites that exist in the Arab countries and explains the moral complexity of the conflict, portraying it as a clash between two ethnic groups with deeply held, albeit conflicting, historical narratives. He claims that Israel is morally impeccable to live in Judean and Samaria. He considers Zionism as a national liberation movement, and the Palestinians' view of it as colonialism. However, the Palestinians' rejection of partition in 1947 and subsequent attacks on Israel forfeited their moral right to demand partition, making Israel's presence in the West Bank morally justifiable. Strategically, Diane contends that a two-state solution would not solve the conflict, but aggravate it. He uses the Gaza withdrawal as an example of Israel's mistake. According to him, Settlements safeguard Israel's existence. **Daniel Levy,** arguing *for* the motion, uses the analogy of Mr. Creosote, stating that one outpost will be too many. He presents the idea that Israel is forced to make choices. He suggests that Israel faces a choice between being a Jewish state, a democratic state, and controlling all the territory. He thinks that Israel cannot have all three, because With the territory comes inhabitants and a choice between democratic rights. He argues that settlements make a two-state solution practically impossible and push Palestinians toward advocating a one-state democracy. He posits that settlement policy undermines prospects for alternative solutions, such as confederation. Levy argues that settlement is an encapsulation of what Israel is. He warns of a "democratic recession" in Israel driven by the settlements, and views them as a high-risk strategy for Israel's security, especially in the current Arab reality. **Caroline Glick,** arguing *against* the motion, passionately defends Jewish civil rights to live anywhere, including the West Bank. She considers that the resolution tells her to support a Jew-free state for Palestinians. She disputes the notion that settlements are an obstacle to peace, citing Israel's peace agreements with Egypt and Jordan as counter-examples. She rebukes those who claim that Jewish settlements lead to a one-state solution with a Jewish minority, arguing that demographics still heavily favor Jews. Glick contends that the issue is about Jewish civil rights, and that telling Jews they cannot live in certain areas because of their religion is morally repugnant. She considers that wanting to establish a state upon ethnic purity is a failed proposition. She draws parallels to historical examples of appeasement and Jewish abrogation. She concludes that the push to remove Jews from the West Bank is an attempt to appease terrorist organizations who want to enact a genocide of the Jewish people. The debate highlights the fundamental disagreements surrounding the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, particularly the role of settlements. Arguments range from strategic considerations of Israel's security and international standing to moral arguments about rights, historical narratives, and the definition of a just and lasting peace.