Tesla vs Detroit | Survival Mode | 2
发布时间 2022-04-13 15:01:00 来源
摘要
In 2010, Tesla Motors has already experienced tremendous highs and devastating lows. Elon Musk is a polarizing figure whose goal is to change the way the traditional auto industry works. It’s been a struggle, but Detroit is finally bowing to the Tesla vision, moving electric vehicles to the top of production slates. But now Motor City wants to control the EV market. The limited run Tesla Roadster brought attention and kudos. Now ,Musk is pinning his hopes on the new Model S. But he still needs some place to actually make the cars. If he can’t score a factory, the car is just a cool concept. Things have to come together quickly – or Tesla is toast.Listen to new episodes 1 week early and to all episodes ad free with Wondery+. Join Wondery+ for exclusives, binges, early access, and ad free listening. Available in the Wondery App. https://wondery.app.link/businesswarsPlease support us by supporting our sponsors!See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.
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It's February 2010 in Fremont, California. Holy crap, I can't believe this place. It's like a city. Elon Musk is on an undercover tour of an old Toyota factory. He's dressed in a hard hat, goggles, and a company jacket. Toyota doesn't want him to be recognized. They don't want any mention leaked that they might be unloading the factory.
现在是2010年2月，地点是加利福尼亚州弗里蒙特。天哪，我简直不敢相信这个地方。它就像一座城市。伊隆·马斯克正在一家旧的丰田工厂进行秘密考察。他穿着硬帽、护目镜和公司夹克，丰田不希望他被认出来。他们不想透露他们可能正在出售这家工厂的任何消息。
Musk gawks as a company manager guides him through the cavernous facility. It's big, all right. 5 million square feet on 370 acres. We're going to allow 10,000 workers to manufacture half a million cars per year. It was built back to that. I know the history. GM built it in 1962. You guys partnered with him in 1984 and started rolling out Corolla's prisms Novas into Comas.
马斯克注视着公司经理引导他穿过宽敞的工厂。没错，这里很大，面积达到370英亩，总共有500万平方英尺。我们将允许一万名工人制造每年50万辆汽车，这是建造它的初衷。我知道它的历史，通用汽车在1962年建造了它。你们在1984年与通用达成合作，开始生产科罗拉、棱镜、Nova和Coma汽车。
Musk has done his homework on the facility. And he wants it. Actually, he needs it. Tesla is going to snare the US government's EV incentive loan of $465 million. He has to find a factory to mass produce the Model S. Or it won't happen.
马斯克已经对这个工厂进行了详细研究。他想要它。实际上，他需要它。特斯拉将夺取美国政府提供的4.65亿美元的电动汽车激励贷款。他必须找到一个大规模生产Model S的工厂。否则，这件事就不会发生。
I've got it mid. I was surprised when we got the call from Mr. Toyota approving your visit. Competitors aren't usually allowed in here. Ico Toyota is the president and CEO of Toyota and the grandson of the founder. So Musk has reached out to him many times. No one has ever responded. Until now, Musk smiles to himself. That means he's on Toyota's radar.
当我们接到Toyota公司批准您的访问的电话时，我很惊讶。竞争对手通常不被允许进入这里。丰田总裁兼首席执行官丰田伊藏是该公司创始人的孙子。马斯克曾多次联系他，但从未有人回应。现在终于有了回应，马斯克暗自微笑。这意味着他已经进入了丰田的视线。
Even better. He likes the idea that the planet's biggest car maker considers Tesla a competitor. So where is your current plan? In an old Chevy dealership in Menlo Part. Seems like you're going to need something bigger if you're going to produce the Model S and big numbers.
更好的是，他很喜欢这个想法，即这个星球上最大的汽车制造商将特斯拉视为竞争对手。那么你的目前计划在哪里呢？在Menlo Park的一家旧雪佛兰经销商那里。如果你要生产Model S和大量产品，似乎你需要更大的东西。
Musk watches the cars move down the assembly line, which is about the length of a football field. It's lined with gleaming Tacoma trucks. Back in Menlo Part, his people are putting together cars by hand, one by one. Now that General Motors' Toyota's partner in the factory is filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. Where it is that Toyota is looking to sell. They don't need the massive place flying solo.
马斯克观察着汽车沿着足球场长的装配线移动。装配线旁边停着振奋人心的 Tacoma 卡车。在门洛帕克，他的员工正在手工逐个组装汽车。现在通用汽车与丰田的合作工厂已经申请了破产保护。丰田正在寻求出售该工厂，因为他们不需要这样一个庞大的地方独自经营。
Musk can already envision the name Tesla on the front of the sprawling facility. And with the clock ticking on the government loan, he needs to close a deal. With Toyota relocating its operations to Texas, the company should be a motivated seller. But how motivated? A major plant like this, something that can compete with anything in Detroit, starts at around $1 billion, and Musk has only 42 million to spend.
马斯克已经想象到了特斯拉的名字出现在这个大规模设施的前面。随着政府贷款的时钟滴答作响，他需要达成一笔交易。随着丰田将其业务搬迁到德克萨斯州，该公司应该是一个积极的卖家。但积极程度如何？像底特律的任何设施一样竞争的大型工厂起价约为10亿美元，而马斯克只有4200万美元可用。
Getting Toyota to allow Musk to tour the plant is one thing. Getting him to sell the place at a bargain basement price is something else entirely.
让丰田允许马斯克参观工厂是一回事。但让他以低廉的价格出售这个地方则完全是另一回事了。
Hi, I'm Sarah Haggi, co-host of Wonderree's podcast Scamphalancers. In our recent two-part series, Three Weddings in a Funeral, we dive into the story of a German con man who built an entire life on fake names, lies, and schemes.
嗨，我是Sarah Haggi，Wonderree播客Scamphalancers的合作主持人。在我们最近的两集节目“三场婚礼和一次葬礼”中，我们深入讲述了一个德国骗子的故事，他靠着假名字、谎言和计划建立了整个人生。
And the unlikely true-kind twist that brought this decades-long charade crashing down. Listen to Scamphalancers on Amazon Music or wherever you get your podcasts. From Wonderree, I'm David Brown and this is Business Wars.
“还有一个不太可能的真实转折点，让这场长达数十年的骗局彻底瓦解。在亚马逊音乐或其他你能收听播客的平台上听Scamphalancers。我是David Brown，来自Wonderree，这就是《商业战争》。”
In our last episode, Tesla went from an experimental idea concocted by a handful of Silicon Valley tech nerds who had never built a car to an actual company. Elon Musk joined in, providing financial backing from his windfall after selling PayPal. Against all odds, the fledgling business developed the Roadster, a stunning, expensive sports EV. Manufactured in small numbers, it nevertheless put Tesla on the map.
在我们上集中，特斯拉从几个硅谷科技书呆子的实验性想法，他们从未制造过汽车，变成了一家实际的公司。埃隆·马斯克加入其中，提供了自己从出售PayPal中获得的财务支持。尽管面临种种困难，这个初创企业开发出了Roadster，一款令人惊叹、价格昂贵的运动型电动汽车。虽然只生产了一小批，但确实将特斯拉推上了国际舞台。
In 2010, Tesla Motors is only 7 years old. He's made about 1,300 cars, but the company has already experienced tremendous highs and devastating lows. Elon Musk, and just about everyone who works with him, is a victim of his hypercharged ambition. He's both an inspirational and polarizing figure, whose goal is to change the way the traditional auto industry works.
在2010年，特斯拉汽车公司只有7年历史。他们已经制造了大约1,300辆汽车，但该公司已经经历了巨大的高峰和毁灭性的低谷。埃隆·马斯克和他的团队几乎每个人都是他过度激进野心的受害者。他既是一个鼓舞人心的人物，也是一个极具争议性的人物，他的目标是改变传统汽车行业的运作方式。
And as his many followers have maintained for decades, Musk wants to save humanity. It's been a struggle, but Detroit is finally bowing to the Tesla vision, moving electric vehicles to the top of production slates. In other words, now that Tesla has chummed the waters, Motor City wants to control the EV market.
像本土母语者一样说话，翻译以下英文：And as his many followers have maintained for decades, Musk wants to save humanity. It's been a struggle, but Detroit is finally bowing to the Tesla vision, moving electric vehicles to the top of production slates. In other words, now that Tesla has chummed the waters, Motor City wants to control the EV market.
正如许多支持者几十年来所坚信的那样，马斯克想要拯救人类。虽然经历了种种困难，但底特律终于顺从了特斯拉的愿景，将电动汽车置于生产计划的首要位置。换句话说，现在特斯拉已经热起了电动汽车市场，汽车城想要掌控这个市场。
For now, Musk is pinning his hopes on the Model S, but he still needs some place to actually make the cars. If he can't score a factory, the car is just a cool concept. Things have to come together quickly. Or Tesla is toast.
现在，马斯克把希望寄托在Model S上，但他还需要一些地方来实际生产汽车。如果他不能得到一家工厂，那么这辆车只是一个很酷的概念。事情必须快速地合拍才行，否则特斯拉就会完蛋了。
This is episode 2. Survival mode.
这是第二集。生存模式。
It's a lovely morning in April 2010 at Elon Musk's Mansion in Bel Air, California. Good morning, guys. Smiling broadly, Musk walks out to greet two men waiting for him in the driveway. Tesla's CFO and the company's vice president of business development. They look at Musk and frown. He's wearing a tie covered with blood.
在2010年4月，艾隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）的别墅在加利福尼亚州贝尔·艾尔（Bel Air）度过了美好的早晨。早上好，大家。马斯克面带微笑地走出来，迎接等候在车道上的两个男人。特斯拉的首席财务官和公司的商业发展副总裁。他们看着马斯克皱起了眉头。他穿着一条沾满血迹的领带。
Good morning, Elon. What's up with a tie? Musk stares back at them for what seems like an eternity. And then? Gotcha. It's fake blood.. The man grin and shake their heads. Typical, Elon. The company's future is on the line and he comes up with this stunt.
早上好，埃隆。你打领带是怎么回事？马斯克盯着他们看了好像很久的时间。然后呢？抓住你了，是假血。那个男人咧嘴笑着，摇了摇头。这太典型了，埃隆。公司的未来岌岌可危，他倒是想出这样的恶作剧。
I knew you guys would be nervous about today. Just thought I'd lighten the mood. After weeks of wrangling, the president of Toyota is moments away from arriving at Musk's house. Musk's goal is to convince Ico Toyota to sell him the Toyota plant for a fraction of what it's worth.
我知道你们今天会紧张，所以我想放松一下气氛。经过几周的争执后，丰田汽车的总裁即将到达马斯克家。马斯克的目标是说服伊康丰田以比它真实价值的一小部分出售他的丰田工厂。
Don't worry, I have a good feeling about today. I think Ico and I are going to hit it off. But do I bow or shake hands?
别担心，我今天很有好预感。我觉得我和伊可会很合得来。但是我要鞠躬还是握手呢？
Before anyone can answer, a fleet of shiny black Toyota minivans peel into the driveway. Musk quickly rips off his gag tie. The door opens, and Ico Toyota steps out, followed by his entourage.
在任何人能回答之前，一队闪闪发光的黑色丰田小型面包车进入了车道。马斯克迅速脱去了绑在嘴巴上的领带。门开了，伊光世世出来了，跟着他的随行人员。
He extends his hand and a big smile. Mr. Musk, a pleasure to meet you. Call me Elon and the pleasure is all mine.
他伸出手，露出了一个灿烂的微笑。马斯克先生，很高兴见到您。您可以叫我伊隆，相见恨晚。
Toyota glances admiringly at the gleaming red Tesla and the driveway. The roadster. Doesn't drive as good as it looks. Absolutely. But why not see for yourself?
Toyota 羡慕地瞥了一眼闪闪发光的红色特斯拉和车道。这款跑车看起来没有开起来那么好。绝对是这样的。但为什么不亲自试试呢？
Toyota quickly gets behind the wheel. He's a veteran of European endurance races and a fully qualified Toyota test driver. Musk hops in next to him. After a few hair-raising minutes of gunning around the hills, Toyota guides the silent car back into Musk's driveway.
Toyota 快速地驾驶着车子。他是欧洲持久赛的老手，也是一名合格的丰田测试车手。马斯克接着就坐在了他旁边。在刺激的几分钟里，在山区里疾驰，Toyota 把这辆寂静的车子带回了马斯克的车道上。
The man sit in the roadster is Toyota turns to look Musk in the eye. That was fun, Elon. My compliments on your car and on managing to get it into the marketplace. That's not an easy thing. What you've done with Tesla is very impressive.
那个坐在丰田跑车里的男人转头看着马斯克，微笑着说道：“真是太有趣了，埃隆。我要向你赞扬一下你的汽车以及成功把它推向市场的能力。这可不是一件容易的事情。你在特斯拉方面所做的一切都非常令人印象深刻。”
Thank you. That means a lot, Ico. But I'll be honest with you, if I'm going to keep Tesla going, I need to buy your factory and the price needs to be right.
谢谢你。这意义深远，艾科。但我必须坦诚地告诉你，如果我要继续经营特斯拉，我需要购买你的工厂，并且价格必须合适。
Toyota smiles at him. I like your spirit, Elon. And what price would be right?
丰田微笑着对他说，埃隆，我喜欢你的精神。那么什么价格才是合适的呢？
Musk doesn't miss a beat. I have 42 million.
马斯克轻松应对。我拥有四千两百万。
Musk's big move is to just tell Toyota the truth. Toyota looks out the windshield for a few moments. A sale, even at this price, would save Toyota the shame of closing the plant down. Something Toyota has never done before. His face reveals nothing. Musk holds his breath.
马斯克的重大举动就是告诉丰田实情。丰田注视着挡风玻璃几秒钟。即使以这个价格出售，也可以使丰田避免关闭工厂的耻辱。这是丰田从没有做过的事情。他的面部没有流露出任何东西。马斯克屏住呼吸。
I think we can work something out. Musk is shocked. The dream is coming true. The man shakes, sealing the deal. Musk is getting a billion dollar factory for 42 million.
我觉得我们可以想办法解决。马斯克感到震惊，梦想正在变为现实，那个人动了动，达成了交易。马斯克只用买42百万美元就可以得到一家价值10亿美元的工厂。
Once again, Tesla is back off life support for the moment. When the deal is officially announced in May, there's a new angle that's even better for Tesla.
特斯拉再次从生命支持中恢复过来了。当这项交易在五月份正式宣布时，对于特斯拉来说，有一个更好的角度。
Not only is Toyota selling Musk the assembly plant in Fremont, but Toyota is pledging to buy 50 million dollars worth of Tesla's common stock the minute the business goes public. For Musk, the alignment is another example of Tesla's standing in the automotive industry. As GM struggles with bankruptcy, Tesla is partnering with the biggest car company in the world to build an electric car future.
丰田不仅将向马斯克出售弗里蒙特工厂的装配线，而且丰田还承诺一旦特斯拉上市，就会购买价值5000万美元的特斯拉普通股。对马斯克来说，这种合作是特斯拉在汽车行业中的又一个代表。在通用汽车陷入破产的困境时，特斯拉正在与全球最大的汽车公司合作，共同打造一个电动汽车的未来。
At Kobo Center in Detroit, the 2010 edition of the annual Detroit Auto Show is in full swing. For more than a century, this show has been the prime display for upcoming car models.
在底特律的科博中心，2010年底特律汽车展的年度展示正在全面展开。这个展览已经有一个世纪以上的历史，是即将推出的汽车车型的主要展示。
Hey, let's check out this electric avenue showcase. It's a new thing, all the electrics and hybrids. Why not? Let's see what the visionaries are up to. God knows Dodge, Jeep and Chrysler don't have anything new.
嘿，我们去看看这个电动车展吧。这是一个新鲜事物，里面有各种电动车和混合动力车。为什么不去看看呢？我们可以看看这些有远见的人在做什么。我们都知道Dodge，Jeep和Chrysler都没有新东西了。
The two veteran franchise dealers for Ford and Chevy are wandering the massive hall. They approach the 37,000 square foot exhibit dedicated to green vehicles. EVs are breathing life into an industry suffering from a major slump and severe economic woes. This will be interesting, since Tesla everybody's trying to figure out what to do. They gotta get in the pool, but the question is how deep.
那两位有经验的福特和雪佛兰特许经销商正在巨大的展馆里漫步。他们走向专门展示绿色车辆的37,000平方英尺展区。电动车正在给一个饱受重大低迷和严重经济困境折磨的行业注入新生命。这很有趣，因为特斯拉让每个人都试图弄清楚该怎么做。他们必须进入这个领域，但问题是要深入到什么程度。
It's a fair question for Detroit. Especially since 98% of car sales are still gas vehicles. The industry knows demand for hybrids and EVs will only grow. But there seems to be little to gain in going green if consumers aren't buying a lot of them.
这是底特律一个很公正的问题。特别是因为98%的汽车销售仍然是燃油车。汽车行业知道混合动力和电动车的需求将会不断增长。但如果消费者购买的不多，选择环保可能没有多大好处。
Look at this thing, the tango. Looks like a golf cart on steroids. Yeah, but 0 to 60 in 4 seconds, a 200 mile range and all electric? Not bad. Look at the Mitsubishi Imeave. Not too sexy, but it's supposed to be out next fall. The men stroll electric avenue, pass long rows of mostly small silver cars from around the world. They all tout at least a 100 mile range, using mostly lithium-ion battery technology. And they're all in the fight for the EV market. The Audi E-Tron 2, the BMW Concept Active E, the Volvo Electric C30 among the contenders.
看这个东西，探戈。看起来像是增强剂版本的高尔夫球车。是啊，但是4秒内完成从0到60，200英里的行驶里程并且全电动？挺不错的。再看三菱Imeave，不太性感，但它应该会在明年秋天推出。男人们走过电动大道，经过许多来自世界各地的小型银色汽车。它们都至少拥有100英里的续航里程，主要采用锂离子电池技术。它们全都在争夺电动汽车市场。奥迪E-tron 2、宝马概念活力E、沃尔沃电动C30都是竞争对手之一。
Then they come to a cherry red Tesla Model S. And both dealers stop and stare. Wow, nice lines on this thing. And 300 miles per charge? We'll see if Musk can pull it off. He's promising to launch it in 2012. I believe it when I see it.
然后他们到达一个樱桃红色的特斯拉Model S。两位销售代表都停下来看着它。哇，这可真是一辆好车啊！而且每次充电可以行驶300英里？我们将会看到马斯克能不能做到。他承诺在2012年推出它，我只有看到才会相信。
Tesla's showing at the event makes a splash. The industry's environmental watchdog site, Green Car Reports, sizes them up and says the Model S, the Chevy Volt, the Nissan Leaf and the Toyota Prius are the only cars at the show that matter. But anything can happen between now and 2012..
特斯拉在这个事件上的展示很引人注目。行业环境监管站点Green Car Reports进行评估并表示，Model S，雪佛兰Volt，日产Leaf和丰田Prius是展会上唯一重要的汽车。但是从现在到2012年，任何事情都可能发生。
Early June at a bar in Hawthorne, California, where Tesla's HQ is based. Two attorneys hired to prep the company for its IPO are staring into their drinks, shaking their heads. Can you believe Elon was threatening to fire the entire team today? Sure, that's business as usual. He's going to micro-manage the marketing to the bitter end, but no one's getting fired. Once we IPO, we'll have the money to get the Model S on the market. I'm guessing the offering will make at least $200 million. I'm probably.
六月初，位于特斯拉总部位于霍桑的一家酒吧。两名律师受聘为特斯拉的IPO做准备工作，他们盯着酒杯，摇了摇头。你能相信埃隆今天威胁要解雇整个团队吗？当然，这是例行公事。他会一直微观管理市场营销，但没有人会被解雇。一旦我们IPO，我们就有钱把Model S推向市场。我猜这次股票发行至少会赚2亿美元。我很有把握。
But remember, not everything is perfect with this company. That could affect things. And that's true. It's been a money pit since they hung out a shingle. $290 million and losses against about $150 million in revenue. And they've only come out with one car, that roadster. That's it. I don't think that's going to play well with investors. He's going to have Musk wants to dominate the mid-sized sedan market, like he says. He's going to go up against the Nissan Leaf and the Chevy Volt. They're both coming out this year and at half the price of a Model S. You know, the big question is how the hell is Musk going to deal with answering to thousands of stockholders? He's not too good about sharing control. He might explode like one of his SpaceX rockets.
但要记住，这家公司并非完美无缺。这可能会影响事情的发展。这是真的。自他们开业以来，这家公司一直是个金钱陷阱。2.9亿美元的投资，只有1.5亿美元的收入。他们只推出了一款汽车，就是那款跑车。就这样。我不认为这会对投资者有好的影响。马斯克想要主导中型轿车市场，就像他所说的那样。他将要面对日产叶子和雪佛兰伏特的竞争。它们都将在今年推出，价格只有Model S的一半。你知道，最大的问题是马斯克如何应对成千上万的股东。他并不太擅长共享控制。他可能会像他的SpaceX火箭一样爆炸。
On June 29, 2010, Tesla goes... public. It's the first IPO from a US car company since Ford went public in 1956. And it's a success. As promised, Toyota buys $50 million worth of stock. Shares start at $17 and close at $23.98, a jump of 40% raising $226 million. Tesla's market value is at $2.2 billion. It's a big step toward solid financial footing.
在2010年6月29日，特斯拉公司成功上市了。这是自1956年福特公司上市以来，美国汽车公司的第一次IPO。而它也取得了成功。正如所承诺的，丰田以5,000万美元购买了其股票。股票的开盘价为17美元，收盘价为23.98美元，上涨了40%，募集2.26亿美元。特斯拉的市值达到了22亿美元，这是实现财务稳健的重要一步。
Since rising from the ashes of a bankruptcy in July of 2009, General Motors has been trying to get back in the game. In November 2010, GM announces it will sink $163 million into reopening three manufacturing plants in and around the economically challenged city of Flint, Michigan. The investment is intended to fund the production of the Volt. For the town filled with unemployed auto workers, it's good news. It's also an indication that GM is completely behind the plug-in hybrid.
自2009年7月从破产中复苏以来，通用汽车一直在努力重新进入游戏。2010年11月，通用汽车宣布将投入1.63亿美元重新开放密歇根州弗林特周围三家制造工厂。这项投资旨在资助沃特生产。对于失业的汽车工人来说，这是一个好消息。这也表明通用汽车完全支持插电式混合动力车。
Despite the investment in the Volt, it's pretty clear that GM's bread and butter still comes from Chevy and GMC full-size pickups, powered by gasoline. In 2010, GM sells nearly 600,000 trucks controlling 40% of the market. The popularity of these gas sucking American icons is a reminder of how far Musk has to go in driving them off the road.
尽管GM投资了伏特车型，但很明显，GM的主要收入仍然来自采用汽油动力的雪佛兰和GMC全尺寸皮卡。在2010年，GM销售了近600,000辆占据了40%的市场份额。这些耗油的美国标志性车型的受欢迎程度提醒了马斯克还有很长的路要走才能让它们离开马路。
But with Musk's promise to mass-produce the Model S by 2012, there's one significant issue. How exactly will he sell the Model S? He only has a handful of showrooms and he has no interest in having dealerships. And that puts Musk squarely in front of a Texas-sized roadblock.
但是，随着马斯克承诺在2012年大规模生产Model S，有一个重要的问题。他要如何销售Model S呢？他只有少数几家展厅，而且他对拥有经销店没有兴趣。这就让马斯克面临一个像德克萨斯一样大的障碍。
Meet Jill Evans. Jill's got it all. A big house, fast car, two kids in a great career. But Jill has a problem. When it comes to love, Jill can never seem to get things right. And then along comes Dean. I can't believe my look. Whoa, I hit the jackpot. It looks like they're going to live happily ever after. But on Halloween night, things get a little gruesome. This is where the shooting happened outside a building society in New Romney. It's thought the 42-year-old victim was killed after he opened fire on police. And Jill's life is changed forever.
遇见吉尔·埃文斯。吉尔有着一切：豪华的房子、快速的车、两个职业很棒的孩子。但吉尔有一个问题，当涉及到爱情时，她似乎永远也做不对。然后迪恩出现了。我简直不敢相信自己的运气，哇，我中了大奖。看起来他们将会幸福地过完余生。但在万圣节的晚上，事情有点可怕。这就是枪击事件发生的地方，位于纽罗姆尼的一家建筑协会外面。据认为，这名42岁的受害者在向警察开枪后被杀害，吉尔的生活从此被改变了。
From Wondery and Novel comes Stolen Hearts. A story about a cop who falls in love with a man who is not all he seems to be. Follow Stolen Hearts wherever you get your podcasts. You could binge the entire series, add free on Amazon Music. Download the Amazon Music app now.
从Wondery和Novel出品的《窃心》。一个警察爱上一个不是他看起来那样的男人的故事。无论你在哪里收听播客，都可以关注《窃心》。你可以在Amazon Music上免费连续听完整个系列。现在就下载Amazon Music应用程序。
It's May 2011 at the Texas Legislative Office in Austin. Tesla is ready to go to war with the Lone Star State. This law prohibits car makers from selling cars directly, which is Tesla's plan. Instead, they must be sold in Detroit's traditional manner through dealerships. Tesla executive George Blankenship is meeting with a lawmaker. Blankenship is ready to fight if needed, but he prefers a more non-confrontational approach.
现在是2011年的五月份，在德克萨斯州奥斯汀的立法办公室。特斯拉准备与“孤星州”展开争战。这项法律禁止汽车制造商直接销售车辆，而这正是特斯拉的计划。反而，它们必须通过经销商按照底特律传统的方式进行销售。特斯拉高管乔治·布兰肯希普正在与一名立法者会面。布兰肯希普准备好了如果需要的话就开战，但他更喜欢采取一种更为非对抗性的方法。
Before we get into this, I have a roadster parked downstairs if you'd like to take it for a spin. Just saying. Well, sir, that certainly sounds like a good time, but it's not going to get you any closer to changing the law in Texas. Blankenship forces a chuckle. He was handpicked by Musk as Tesla's new vice president of sales and ownership experience. Working with Steve Jobs, Blankenship created Apple's unique store experience. It's exactly the exclusive high-tech buy Musk is looking for with his new showrooms.
在我们深入讨论之前，如果您想转一圈，楼下有一辆跑车。只是说一声。嗯，先生，那听起来肯定是很好玩，但这并不会让您更接近改变德克萨斯州的法律。布兰肯希普轻笑一声。他是由马斯克亲自挑选为特斯拉新的销售和车主体验副总裁的。和史蒂夫·乔布斯一起工作时，布兰肯希普创造了苹果独特的商店体验。这正是马斯克所寻找的独特的高科技购物体验，以配合他的新展厅。
As you may know, we're going to open a showroom in Houston in October to feature the new Model S. There's a huge demand for Tesla EVs in your state. So if we could, I'd like to suggest, sorry, Mr. Blankenship, but this is just the way it is.
你可能知道，我们计划在10月在休斯敦开设一个陈列室，展示新的S型车。在你们州，对特斯拉电动汽车有着巨大的需求。因此，如果可以的话，我想建议一下，不好意思，布兰肯希普先生，但这就是事实。
Dealerships are powerful here, very well connected politically. And no one wants to see people put out a business just so a carmaker can sell directly. Dealerships mark up sticker prices, which means Texas car buyers pay more. Like I said, that's the law.
经销商在这里非常强大，政治上非常有背景。没有人希望为了汽车制造商直接销售，而看到人们失去生意。经销商会提高车辆标价，这意味着德州的汽车买家需要支付更多的费用。就像我说的那样，这是法律规定的。
I've looked at the law. We may have a workaround. What if we open a showroom that only offers education and instruction on Tesla vehicles? No actual selling on the premises. The legislator frowns and scans through the regulations. Well, there's nothing that prohibits that exactly. Excellent. But that will be addressed and likely changed in the next legislative session.
我看过法律。我们或许可以找到一个变通方法。我们开一间售卖特斯拉车的展示厅，但是只提供关于特斯拉车的教育和指导，不在现场销售。立法者皱起眉头，浏览了一下法规。嗯，确实没有明文禁止这样做。太好了。但是这个问题可能在下一个立法会议上被讨论并改变。
Blankenship is prepped for this. That means it'll be two years before the law can actually be changed. We're good until then. The legislator exhales and shrugs. Blankenship smiles at the man and dangles the keys to the roaster. Thank you, sir. Now how about a drive around the block?
布兰肯希普准备好了，这意味着两年后才能实际改变法律。在那之前我们都很好。立法者松了口气，耸了耸肩。布兰肯希普对那个人微笑着晃动着汽车的钥匙。谢谢您，先生。现在去开一圈怎么样？
Texas and its hugely profitable car market isn't the only state prohibiting direct sales. Seventeen others either allow only limited direct sales or banned them completely. Tesla scored a temporary victory in Texas, but it'll have to be repeated across the country. If Tesla is going to finally take on Motor City at its own game at the production level, the Model S has to be able to sell on the scale of Detroit, too.
得益于其巨大盈利的汽车市场，德克萨斯州并不是唯一一家禁止直接销售的州。其他十七个州要么仅允许有限的直接销售，要么完全禁止其销售。虽然特斯拉在德克萨斯州取得了暂时的胜利，但它还需要在全国范围内反复取得胜利。如果特斯拉要在生产级别上最终挑战汽车之都，Model S也必须在底特律的规模上销售。
Blankenship's Texas soft-selt solution is an interactive gallery with large computer touchscreen displays in the mold of what he created for the Apple stores. Tesla installs these galleries at high-end shopping malls, where shoppers can crawl through vehicles to see how they look and feel. A potential buyer can get on a screen, see an image of the car and pick things like color, interior and add-ons.
Blankenship的德克萨斯州柔性自选方案是一种交互式画廊，采用了他为苹果店创造的大型电脑触摸屏显示模型。特斯拉在高档购物中心安装这些画廊，购物者可以爬行穿过车辆，看看它们的外观和感觉。潜在买家可以在屏幕上看到车辆的图像，并选择颜色、内饰和附件等物品。
They can plug in their driving habits and figure potential savings by going electric. Unlike the classic hard-selt showrooms of Detroit's longtime brands, this is meant to be an immersive user-friendly experience. No one works on commission, which removes the sales pressure. It's all about drawing people into the cult of Tesla, something that's paramount to Musk.
他们可以输入自己的驾驶习惯，并计算通过使用电动汽车可能节省的费用。这不同于底特律长期品牌的经典硬质展示厅，旨在提供沉浸式、用户友好的体验。没有人会因佣金而施加销售压力。这一切都是为了吸引人们进入“特斯拉信仰”，这对马斯克来说至关重要。
When a customer is ready to make a purchase, they enter their information on a computer and wait for a call from Tesla's Colorado headquarters for pricing and delivery details. Under Texas law, no Teslas can be delivered within the state until they're paid for it. Blankenship's loophole works in Texas, though it's unclear whether this will work in other states where direct car sales are illegal. And this has to happen for Tesla if it's going to grow beyond a niche market.
当顾客准备购买时，他们在电脑上输入信息，等待来自特斯拉科罗拉多总部的电话，以获取定价和交付细节。根据德克萨斯州法律，除非购买完全支付，否则不能在州内交付特斯拉。布兰肯希普的漏洞在德克萨斯州适用，但在其他禁止直接汽车销售的州是否适用尚不清楚。如果特斯拉想要走出小众市场，这一点必须发生。
It's April 2011 at the New York Auto Show in Manhattan's Jacob Jabbitt's Convention Center. BMW North America's CEO Jim O'Donnell sits down with an industry reporter. O'Donnell is not as open-minded as GM's vote champion Bob Lutz.
现在是2011年4月，在位于曼哈顿的雅各布·贾比特会议中心举行的纽约车展上。宝马北美首席执行官吉姆·奥唐奈与一位行业记者坐下来谈话。奥唐奈并不像通用汽车的得票冠军鲍勃·卢茨那样开放。
So things are ramping up in the EV world. BMW has the Hybrid i3 model slated for 2013. Tesla's close to selling out the Model S run of 6,500 and just pre-orders. The same will likely happen for the pure electric Nissan Leaf. Oh, I don't think so. That's marketing hype. People who are claiming they want an EV will back off due to the ranging cost.
所以电动汽车市场变得越来越热门。宝马计划在2013年推出混合动力i3车型。特斯拉的Model S出售数量接近6500辆，且仅有预售订单。同样情况也很可能出现在纯电动尼桑Leaf上。哦，我不这么认为。那是营销炒作。那些宣称想要电动汽车的人会因为电池续航成本而退缩。
And what about charging stations? We're talking enormous infrastructure problems. What about home charging? Well, to install a wall box home charger can cost $20,000 a loan. And if you live in an apartment, then what? At BMW's current marketing slogan is diesel. Good, clean, fun. Exactly. And that's true. BMW's new three series diesel isn't like a Mercedes of the 70s. It's not clattering around spewing out certain fumes. And unlike an EV, it's got a tremendous range. Trust me, Americans want options beyond EVs.
那充电站怎么办？我们谈到了庞大的基础设施问题。那家里怎么充电呢？安装一个家用墙壁充电器可能需要借贷20,000美元。如果你住在公寓里，那怎么办？BMW目前的营销口号是柴油。好的、干净的、有趣的。没错。这是真的。BMW的新三系柴油车不像70年代的奔驰那样嘈杂，并能够提供极高的里程。相信我，美国人想要除了电动汽车以外的选择。
As production gears up for the promise mid 2012 delivery date of the Model S, Musk is already thinking about the next Tesla EV. His plan, sparked by his own five children, is to create an affordable SUV. He's seen firsthand what's needed to drive a bunch of kids around. This new larger vehicle is meant to put Detroit on notice. He's calling it the Model X.
随着Model S 有望在2012年中期推出，生产已在加速进行，并且Musk已经开始考虑下一款特斯拉电动汽车。他的计划受到他自己的五个孩子的启发，就是打造一款价格实惠的SUV。他亲身体验过开车带着一群孩子的需求。这辆新型大型车旨在向底特律发出警告。他称之为Model X。
By summer of 2011, Tesla desperately needs to start production of the Model S to hit the fast approaching 2012 release date. Though the company inherited some equipment with the purchase of the Fremont factory, it needs more extremely expensive machinery and funds are dwindling.
到2011年夏季，特斯拉急需开始生产Model S以满足即将到来的2012年发布日期。尽管公司在购买弗里蒙特工厂时继承了一些设备，但它需要更多极其昂贵的机器，而资金越来越少。
The government loan that deals with Dimelar and Toyota and the stock windfall are just not enough to make the Model S. Tesla's engineering team is headed by well-respected veteran Jaguar and Lotus engineer, Peter Robinson. He's been pushing the Model S team to the max. They're working crazy hours, redesigning the car repeatedly.
政府的贷款和与Dimelar、 Toyota的合作以及股票风险并不足以制造Model S。特斯拉的工程团队由备受尊敬的老牌捷豹和莲花工程师Peter Robinson领导。他一直在极力推动Model S团队。他们工作时间疯狂，不断重复设计汽车。
Robinson is making headway, completing test versions, but Musk demands expensive time-consuming changes, and he's growing impatient. The two men have little in common. Robinson is British, refined and well-mannered. Musk is often just the opposite. He's openly hostile with Rawlinson, whose nerves are frayed.
罗宾逊正在取得进展，完成了测试版本，但马斯克要求昂贵而耗时的更改，而且他变得不耐烦。这两个人几乎没有共同点。罗宾逊是英国人，有修养和彬彬有礼。马斯克常常完全相反。他对罗林森公开表示敌意，罗林森的神经已经变得紧绷。
In December, he leaves for England to spend the holidays with his ailing mother. It's early January 2012. Musk grabs his phone and glances at the caller ID. It's Rawlinson. Peter, are you back? I need you to get busy on some Model S design issues immediately.
在去年12月，他离开去英国，和他生病的母亲一起度过假期。现在是2012年初的1月。马斯克拿起手机看了一眼来电显示。是罗林森打来的。彼得，你回来了吗？我需要你马上忙一些Model S设计问题。
I'm not coming back, Elon. That's hilarious. Now, seriously, I don't have time to joke around. You need to get out to the free model. I'm not joking. I'm sorry, but I've had enough. I've done my best. The whole team has, but Elon, we can't meet your demands. I'm staying in England. Good luck with the Model S. It will be a superb vehicle.
埃隆，我不会回来了，这也太好笑了吧。现在说真的，我没有时间开玩笑。你必须采用免费模式。我不是在开玩笑。很抱歉，但我已经尽力了。整个团队都尽力了，但埃隆，我们无法满足你的要求。我会留在英国。祝你的Model S好运。它一定是一辆超卓的车辆。
Musk realizes that Rawlinson is serious. He also realizes the precarious position production is suddenly in. Look, Peter, I'm sure we can work something on. No, it's too much. I've been dividing my time between the Model S and the Model X and I'm burned down. Good luck.
马斯克意识到罗林森是认真的。他也意识到生产突然进入了不稳定的境地。看，彼得，我相信我们可以想办法解决。不，太多了。我一直在 Model S 和 Model X 之间分配我的时间，现在已经筋疲力尽了。祝你好运。
Musk is in shock. As usual, he's driven himself to the edge along with his staff. Through this, even his second marriage after only 18 months is flaming out. He's walking a tightrope. He's desperate. He repeatedly asks Rawlinson to come back. He begs him. But nothing works.
马斯克非常震惊。和他的员工一样，他总是在极限压力下工作。甚至，他的第二次婚姻在仅仅18个月后也处于破裂状态。他处在走钢丝的状态，非常绝望。他一再请求罗林森回来，他恳求他。但是没有用。
When the news hits the media, Tesla's stock drops by 20%. Just as the Model S is about to go into production. It's not a big deal. On January 16, Musk holds a press conference, assuring reporters that Tesla will deliver the car in mid-July. The next day, his wife, actress Taluila Riley, files for divorce.
当这则新闻曝光后，特斯拉的股票下跌了20%。这正是Model S即将投产的时候。这不是什么大不了的事。1月16日，马斯克召开记者招待会，向记者保证特斯拉将于7月中旬交付这款车。第二天，他的妻子、女演员塔露拉·莱利提出了离婚。
By February, Musk has replaced Rawlinson. The Model S team is again working around the clock. They're battling safety issues with the Model S that must be addressed, as well as Musk's never-ending design tweaks. But by the end of July, they have exactly 10 cars assembled at the Fremont factory.
到2月份，马斯克取代了罗林森。Model S团队再次在日夜不停地工作。他们正在应对必须解决的Model S安全问题，以及马斯克永无止境的设计调整。但是到7月底，他们在弗里蒙特工厂已经组装了精确的10辆汽车。
By August, the Fremont factory is manufactured 50. They're not without problems, but with a small fleet, the team can correct the problems themselves. In early October, the plant is up to 100 cars weekly. It's an achievement. But miles away from the goal of creating the 5,000 pre-sold sedans by the end of the year, cash reserves are at frightening levels. Tesla has a poultry 86 million bucks in the bank.
到了八月份，弗里蒙特工厂已经生产了50辆轿车。尽管还存在一些问题，但是凭借着小规模团队的努力，能够自行修正这些问题。到了十月初，该工厂的生产量已经达到每周100辆轿车。这是一项值得骄傲的成就，但距离年底前生产已售出5000辆轿车的目标还有很远的路要走。同时，现金储备已经降至非常低的水平，只有8600万美元。
The company has based its budget on projections of selling Model S cars at a much faster pace. The bills are going unpaid. In September, Musk announces he's selling 5 million shares of stock. It prompts a stinging examination of Tesla's problems in the New York Times. The story details a laundry list of issues, including questioning the company's ability to pay back the government's $465 million loan. And if Tesla can't, taxpayers will get stuck with a bill.
公司基于更快的销售模式来预算销售Model S汽车。但是账单没有得到支付。九月份，马斯克宣布出售500万股股票。这引发了《纽约时报》对特斯拉问题的尖锐审查。报道详细列出了一长串问题，包括质疑公司偿还政府4.65亿美元贷款的能力。如果特斯拉偿不了，纳税人就会得到一份账单。
The Times pulls no punches, saying Tesla is now entering a critical phase. This is an understatement. It's early 2013 at GM's Design Center in Detroit. Mary Barra is General Motors' executive vice president of Global Product Development, charged with developing GM's EV efforts. She looks out on a group of her top designers and engineers.
《泰晤士报》毫不客气地说，特斯拉现在进入了一个关键阶段。这话言简意赅。来到2013年初，我们身处通用汽车在底特律的设计中心。玛丽·巴拉是通用汽车全球产品开发的执行副总裁，负责开发通用汽车的电动汽车计划。她眺望着自己的顶尖设计师和工程师团队。
OK, people. We have a tremendous opportunity to dominate the EV market. But we're going to need a lot of rainstorming to get there. GM is recovering from bankruptcy, and Barra knows what the company is capable of. She should. She was 18 years old when she started working at GM in 1980, inspecting fenders and hoods.
好吧，大家。我们有一个巨大的机会在电动汽车市场占据主导地位。但是我们需要进行大量的头脑风暴才能实现这一目标。通用汽车正在从破产中恢复过来，而巴拉知道公司的能力。她应该知道。1980年她18岁的时候就开始在通用汽车工作，检查挡泥板和引擎罩。
Barra has never worked anywhere else. Here's the breakdown of the current terrain. You've got Tesla's Model S. Great car getting great press. It can get 300 miles with a single charge.
Barra以前从未在其他地方工作过。现在的市场形势是这样的：你有特斯拉的Model S。这是一辆很不错的车，广受好评。它可以单次充电行驶300英里。
A designer raises his hand. But it's completely unaffordable to the majority of EV buyers. Most people can't spend $70,000 on any car. Right, especially in a two-car family culture. On the other end of the spectrum, you have the Nissan Leaf. It's just under $30,000. But it can only go about 80 miles on a single charge.
一个设计师举起了手。但对大多数 EV 买家来说，这完全买不起。大多数人无法在任何车上花费 7 万美元。对，尤其是在一个双车家庭文化中。在另一端，你有日产叶子。它的价格只有不到 3 万美元。但它只能在单次充电时行驶大约 80 英里。
Talk about range anxiety. Right. That's a customer's biggest issue with any EV. But if we can offer a car with at least a 200 mile range for around $30,000, we could own the market. As you all know, we've been developing the bolt. I want to put that into high gear.
谈谈里程焦虑吧。没错，这是任何电动车用户最担心的问题。但如果我们能提供至少200英里的行驶里程，价格为30000美元左右的车型，我们就能独领市场。众所周知，我们一直在开发Bolt车型。我想要推进这个进程。
When the Chevy Volt came out in 2011, it got good notices and established GM as a company taking EVs seriously. But it didn't sell. Now, the Chevy Volt can utilize the engineering developments of the Volt and potentially leap ahead.
2011年，雪佛兰沃蓝达推出时，受到好评，并让通用公司成为认真对待电动汽车的公司，但它并没有卖出去。现在，雪佛兰沃蓝达可以利用这款电动汽车的工程发展，潜在地取得飞跃。
Here's the main thing. We need the Bolt to appeal to everybody, not just the green demographic.. Meaning nothing too flashy, just a solid functional car with good-sized interior. Plenty of leg and headroom in the back seats. I like it.
这是主要问题。我们需要让Bolt吸引所有人，而不仅仅是环保人群。这意味着不要太花哨，只要是一个结实功能性的车，有一个适中大小的内部空间。后座的腿部和头部空间要足够宽敞。我喜欢它。
Battery life is a concern, of course. Just keep thinking about pushing to 200 miles. The meeting goes on for hours. When it's finished, Bara has solid, aggressive plans to move on GM's concept car in just two years. At the same time, another new car hits the market. The Tesla Model X.
电池续航时间当然是令人担忧的问题。只要不断考虑将其推进至200英里即可。会议进行了几个小时。结束后，Bara制定了坚实、进攻性的计划，计划在仅仅两年内推进通用汽车的概念车。与此同时，另一款新车型面世，特斯拉模型X。
As 2013 begins, Tesla's CFO determines that the Fremont factory can manufacture 4,750 cars in the first three months of the year. That would leave the company with a profit of $1. When Musk learns of this, he can accept it. Bottom line is that even a buck-profit means he's still in business. His stock sale of 5 million shares brings in enough funding to keep the lights on, and the Model S assembly lines rolling.
当2013年开始时，特斯拉首席财务官决定弗里蒙特工厂可以在年初三个月内生产4,750辆车。这将为公司带来1美元的利润。当马斯克得知此事时，他可以接受。总的来说，即使是一美元的利润也意味着他仍在经营。他5百万股的股票销售了足够的资金来维持运营，让Model S的组装线持续运转。
Meanwhile, Tesla's sales guru, George Blankenship, has opened up 32 high-concept stores around the world with dozens more on deck. He pushes his team into overdrive, assuring the order to delivery pipeline hums along at top speed. The result is remarkable.
与此同时，特斯拉的销售大师乔治·布兰肯希普在全球开设了32家高端概念店，还有数十家即将开业。他努力推动团队成员加倍努力，确保订单交货流程能够以最高速度运转。这产生了令人瞩目的结果。
In April, bullied by great press, word of mouth, and Musk's tweets and showmanship, Model S sales soar to $329 million. The CFO's prediction of a $1 profit actually balloons into $11 million. It's the first quarter in the company's decade-long history. It's ever turned a profit.
四月份，受到强烈的媒体报道、口耳相传和马斯克的推特和表演的欺凌，Model S的销售额飙升至3.29亿美元。首席财务官预测的1美元利润竟然膨胀到了1100万美元，这是公司十年历史上第一个季度实现的盈利。
It's 2013 at GM headquarters in Detroit. General Motors CEO Dan Ackerson is sitting with a GM board member. Ackerson slaps a magazine down on a table and pushes it toward the board member.
现在是2013年，地点是位于底特律的通用汽车总部。通用汽车首席执行官丹·阿克森（Dan Ackerson）正在与一位董事会成员坐在一起。阿克森将一本杂志砰地一声摔在桌子上，然后将其推向董事会成员。
"Have you seen this? Consumer Reports says the Tesla Model S is so revolutionary and advanced, it's like a car from a different planet. And yes, I'm quoting."
你看到这个了吗？消费者报告说特斯拉Model S是如此革命性和先进，就好像是来自另一个星球的汽车一样。是的，我在引用。
"Yeah, a planet Silicon Valley. And that's a world away from Detroit."
是的，硅谷就像一个星球。那和底特律相隔甚远。
The magazine gives the Model S a score of $99 out of $100. That's the highest rating they've ever given anyone. They say it's the best car they've ever tested, EV or otherwise. Tesla's really getting their game together.
这本杂志给Model S打了99分（满分100分），这是他们给任何人的最高评分。他们说这是他们经过测试最好的车，不管是EV还是其他类型的车。特斯拉真的把他们的游戏玩得很好。
The endorsement from Consumer Reports is tremendous. It's a not-for-profit publication that acts as an advocate for the consumer, that even buys its own test cars. The review shocks everyone in Detroit. When Motor Trend voted the Model S car the year a few months ago, we figured that just matters to car freaks. This is different. Consumer Reports matters to everybody.
《消费者报告》的认可是巨大的。这是一份非营利性出版物，充当消费者的倡导者，甚至购买自己的测试汽车。这篇评论震惊了底特律的每个人。几个月前，《汽车趋势》评选出Model S为年度车型时，我们认为那只会吸引车迷的注意。这次不同了，《消费者报告》对每个人都很重要。
Yeah. And now Tesla is building charging stations from California to New York. They say they're going to make the power free for Tesla owners. The car is expensive, but they're sure making it seem damn viable.
是啊，现在特斯拉正在从加州到纽约建造充电站。他们说他们将为特斯拉车主提供免费电源。这辆车很昂贵，但他们确实让它看起来非常可行。
But Musk is a risk-taker. He's addicted to it and he's come close to destruction before. It can happen again. Rather than trying to crush the competition, GM's move is to wait for Tesla to implode.
马斯克是个冒险家，他着迷于冒险，并且曾经面临毁灭的危险。这种情况可能再次发生。通用汽车不是试图压垮竞争对手，而是等待特斯拉自行崩溃。
Tesla is riding high. The effusive press reviews, the profits, the overall embrace of the Model S, even at $109,000 a pop, it's all Musk has envisioned.
特斯拉正在飞速发展。多篇积极的媒体评论、增长的利润以及对Model S的普遍认可，即使每辆车售价都高达109,000美元，这一切都是马斯克所构想的。
GM CEO Dan Ackerson knows a threat when he sees one. He's a former naval officer with a background as an electrical engineer and finance expert. Just the man for serious recon. Ackerson is curious as hell about what makes Tesla tick. And he's going to make it his personal business. To find out.
通用汽车首席执行官丹·阿科森知道当他看到威胁时该怎么办。他是一名电气工程师和财务专家出身的前海军军官，是进行重要侦察的合适人选。阿科森非常好奇特斯拉成功的奥秘，他决定要将这成为他的个人事业，并找出答案。
Aprime members, you can binge every episode of business wars, add free on Amazon Music. Download the Amazon Music app today. Or you can listen add free with Wondering Plus in Apple podcasts.
作为亚马逊Prime会员，你可以在Amazon Music上 binge 每一集商战节目，免费添加。今天就下载Amazon Music应用。或者你也可以通过Apple podcasts的Wondering Plus免费收听。
Before you go, tell us about yourself by completing a short survey at Wondering.com/survey. From Wondering, this is episode two of Tesla vs Detroit for business wars.
在你离开之前，请通过填写Wondering.com/survey的简短调查告诉我们关于你自己的事情。这是Wondering的第二集“特斯拉vs底特律商业战争”节目。
A quick note about recreations you've been hearing in most cases we can't know exactly what was sad those scenes are dramatizations, but they're based on historical research. If you'd like to read more about Tesla, we recommend Powerplay by Tim Higgins and Elon Musk, Tesla, SpaceX, and The Quest for a Fantastic Future by Ashley Vance.
关于你听到的一些娱乐活动，我想简单说明一下。在大多数情况下，我们无法准确知道那些场景的确切发生情况，这些都是戏剧化处理的，但它们是基于历史研究的。如果你想了解更多关于特斯拉的信息，我们建议你阅读Tim Higgins的Powerplay以及Ashley Vance的Elon Musk，特斯拉，SpaceX和美好未来的追求。
I'm your host David Brown, Peter Gilstrap wrote this story, voice acting by Stephen Foo and Michelle Philippi. Karen Lo is our senior producer and editor, edited and produced by Emily Frost, sound designed by Kyle Randall. Our producer is Dave Schilling. Our executive producers are Jenny Lauer Beckman and Marshall Lui, created by Ernan Lopez for Wondering.
我是您的主持人David Brown，Peter Gilstrap写了这个故事，Stephen Foo和Michelle Philippi担任配音。Karen Lo是我们的高级制片人和编辑，编导和制作人是Emily Frost，音响设计由Kyle Randall完成。我们的制片人是Dave Schilling。我们的执行制片人是Jenny Lauer Beckman和Marshall Lui，由Ernan Lopez为Wondering创作。