以下是将上述内容翻译成中文： 肠胃科医生威尔·布尔谢维奇 (Dr. Will Bulsiewicz) 讨论了肠道微生物组及其与炎症和整体健康之间的联系。他首先解释了粪便移植，即将健康人的粪便转移给病人，以恢复肠道平衡。他以一个患者为例，该患者在服用抗生素后患上了危及生命的感染，而粪便移植解决了这个问题。 布尔谢维奇医生强调，粪便重量的很大一部分（60%）是微生物组，并强调了肠道健康的重要性，指出许多人都在与肠道问题作斗争，如腹胀、疲劳、注意力不集中和皮肤问题。这些问题往往不被重视，并导致其他健康问题。 他澄清说，便秘是腹胀的首要原因，而饮用碳酸饮料或嚼口香糖会加剧腹胀。 他讨论了父母的决定如何影响肠道健康，例如抗生素、奶瓶喂养和剖腹产，这些都会影响微生物组。 他解释说，到三岁时，微生物组基本上已经达到成人的大小。 他还提到，新的肠道屏障每三到五天就会建立一次，这为优化肠道健康提供了机会。 布尔谢维奇医生介绍了炎症的概念，即免疫系统持续开启的状态。这种慢性炎症可以微妙地表现为疲劳感增加、注意力不集中、睡眠问题和疼痛。他解释了肠道和免疫系统之间的联系：大肠中的微生物组支持肠道屏障，这是一种排列在肠道内壁的单层细胞，保护免疫系统。如果肠道屏障崩溃，导致“肠漏”，免疫系统就会被激活，导致炎症。 他讨论了粪便移植在通过引入有益细菌来恢复肠道平衡中的作用。 他提到肠道健康与癌症之间潜在的联系，解释了免疫系统如何识别和清除异常细胞。他引用了黑色素瘤的免疫疗法，以及从反应者身上进行粪便移植导致癌症结果改善的研究。 他强调了帕金森病与肠道健康之间的联系，指出便秘常常是该疾病的前兆。研究表明，粪便移植可以改善帕金森病患者的运动问题和便秘。他建议不要进行DIY粪便移植，并强调通过生活方式和饮食来重建微生物组。 布尔谢维奇医生谈到腹胀、不适和不规律的消化，指出它们可能表明潜在的问题。他解释说，气体是与粪便一起移动的气体的表现。他描述了便秘的含义，气体与粪便一起移动是因为粪便主要是微生物组。肠道屏障每三到五天周转一次。 布尔谢维奇医生讨论了气体产生的原因，包括便秘、肠道蠕动问题和饮食。他指出，含麸质食物也含有果聚糖，大量食用会导致胀气和腹胀。 不过他也指出，发酵可以降低果聚糖的含量。 布尔谢维奇医生谈到了抗生素的后果及其与肠道相关问题的关系。他用一个案例来说明艰难梭菌感染的危险。 他讨论了饮食趋势，并强调了以全食物为基础的均衡饮食。他批评了消除必要食物组的限制性饮食。他强调了肠道微生物的快速再生。 他谈到了饮食方面的误区，讨论了纤维摄入最大化的趋势，强调了纤维在喂养有益细菌和产生短链脂肪酸方面的关键作用，短链脂肪酸具有抗炎作用。他强调了微生物产生的短链脂肪酸（乙酸盐、丙酸盐和丁酸盐）的重要性。丁酸盐的缺失对肠道屏障有负面影响。 他谈到了酒精的影响，并讨论了它如何导致肠漏。 肝脏也是血液重新进入身体并返回心脏的第一站。 他强调需要让肠道休息和早点吃晚餐作为解决这个循环的方法。 他强调，关键在于生活方式的改变是相互关联的。适当的饮食生活方式与创伤疗愈有关。而且，如果人们有慢性胃部相关问题，最好接受创伤是问题的根源。 布尔谢维奇医生描述了“完美肠道日”，包括规律的补水、阳光照射、锻炼、安静时间以及高纤维早餐。 他解释了社交联系与肠道健康之间的联系，指出孤独感已被证明与吸烟相当。 最后，布尔谢维奇医生强调了植物性饮食的重要性，并补充说，健康饮食的关键是确定缺什么，以及如何将它们重新引入到日常饮食中。经常缺少的四件事是：1）纤维，2）多酚，3）健康脂肪和4）发酵食品。他建议，使用这种新方法，就不必采取要么全有要么全无的方法。 他鼓励大家访问他的网站 theguthealthmd.com。

Dr. Will Bulsiewicz, a gastroenterologist, discusses the gut microbiome and its connection to inflammation and overall health. He begins by explaining fecal transplants, where healthy stool is transferred to a sick person to restore gut balance. He uses the example of a patient with a life-threatening infection after antibiotics, where a fecal transplant resolved the issue. Dr. Bulsiewicz highlights that a significant portion of stool weight (60%) is the microbiome, and emphasizes the importance of gut health, citing that many individuals struggle with gut problems like bloating, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, and skin issues. These issues often fly under the radar and lead to other health problems. He clarifies that constipation is the number one cause of bloating and that drinking carbonated drinks or chewing gum can exacerbate bloating. He discusses parental decisions influencing gut health, such as antibiotics, bottle feeding, and C-sections, which affect the microbiome. He explains that by age three, the microbiome is basically adult-sized. He also discusses that a new gut barrier is built every three to five days, presenting an opportunity to optimize gut health. Dr. Bulsiewicz introduces the concept of inflammation as the immune system being constantly turned on. This chronic inflammation can manifest subtly as increased fatigue, difficulty concentrating, sleep problems, and aches. He explains the connection between the gut and the immune system: the microbiome in the large intestine supports the gut barrier, a single layer of cells lining the intestines, that protects the immune system. If the gut barrier breaks down, causing "leaky gut," the immune system is activated, leading to inflammation. He discusses the role of fecal transplants in restoring gut balance by introducing beneficial bacteria. He mentions the potential link between gut health and cancer, explaining how the immune system identifies and removes abnormal cells. He references immunotherapy for melanoma and studies where fecal transplants from responders led to improved cancer outcomes. He highlights a connection between Parkinson's disease and gut health, noting that constipation often precedes the condition. Studies suggest fecal transplants can benefit movement issues and constipation in Parkinson's patients. He advises against DIY fecal transplants and emphasizes rebuilding the microbiome through lifestyle and diet. Dr. Bulsiewicz addresses bloating, discomfort, and irregular digestion, stating they might indicate underlying issues. He explains that gas is the manifestation of gas traveling with the poop. He describes what constipation means and gas travels with poop because poop is predominantly the microbiome. The gut barrier turns over every three to five days. Dr. Bulsiewicz discusses the causes of gas, including constipation, motility issues, and diet. He notes that gluten-containing foods also contain fructans which can cause gas and bloating in large quantities. He notes, though, that fermentation can reduce the fruit tan content. Dr. Bulsiewicz speaks about the consequences of antibiotics and their relation to gut-related issues. He uses a case to illustrate the danger of C-diff. He discusses dietary trends and emphasizes a balanced diet with whole foods. He criticizes restrictive diets that eliminate essential food groups. He emphasizes the quick regeneration of gut microbes. He addresses the topic of dietary myths, discussing the fiber maxing trend, highlighting the critical role of fiber in feeding beneficial bacteria and producing short-chain fatty acids, which are anti-inflammatory. He emphasizes short-chain fatty acids (acetate, propionate, and butyrate) on microbes. The absence of butyrate has a negative impact on the gut barrier. He addresses the impacts of alcohol and discusses it causing leaky gut. The liver is also the first stop as the blood re-enters the body and heads back to the heart. He highlights the need for gut rest and early dinners as solutions to this cycle. He highlights that the key is that lifestyle changes are connected. A proper dietary lifestyle is linked with trauma healing. Also that if people are having chronic stomach related issues, it’s best to accept that the trauma is the root of the problem. Dr. Bulsiewicz describes a "perfect gut day" with a consistent routine of hydration, sunlight exposure, exercise, quiet time, and a high-fiber breakfast. He explains the link between social connection and gut health, pointing out that loneliness has been shown to be on par with smoking cigarettes. Finally, Dr. Bulsiewicz emphasizes the importance of a plant-powered diet and adds that the key to healthy eating is to identify what is missing and how to re-introduce it to the daily diet. The four things that are often missing are 1) fiber, 2) polyphenols, 3) healthy fats and 4) fermented food. He suggests, with this new approach, there doesn't have to be an all-or-nothing approach. He encourages to go to his website the guthealthmd.com