This is a commencement speech delivered by a college dropout to graduating students at Stanford University. He shares three personal stories, each carrying a profound message about life, purpose, and perspective.
His first story revolves around "connecting the dots." He recounts his decision to drop out of Reed College after six months, driven by the realization that he didn't see the value in accumulating debt for something he wasn't passionate about. He describes the unconventional lifestyle that followed, sleeping on floors and returning Coke bottles for money, but also the freedom he gained to explore subjects that genuinely interested him. One of these was a calligraphy class, which he took purely out of curiosity. He emphasizes the seemingly impractical nature of this choice at the time. However, he connects this seemingly insignificant experience to his later work at Apple. Ten years later, when designing the Macintosh, his knowledge of typography became invaluable. It allowed them to incorporate beautiful fonts and typefaces into the Mac, a feature that was unprecedented in personal computers. He states that if he hadn't dropped in on that calligraphy class, the Mac, and possibly all personal computers, might not have the typography they do today. He concludes this story by emphasizing the importance of trusting that life's experiences will eventually connect. He advises the graduates to have faith in their instincts, destiny, and intuition because believing that the dots will connect in the future will give them the confidence to follow their hearts, even when it leads them down unconventional paths.
His second story centers on "love and loss." He speaks of his early passion for computers and founding Apple with a friend in his parents' garage. Over ten years, Apple grew into a $2 billion company with over 4,000 employees. However, he was fired from Apple when his visions diverged from those of someone he hired to help him run the company. He describes this experience as devastating, a public failure that left him feeling lost and unsure of his future. Despite this setback, he realized that his love for what he did at Apple hadn't diminished. He decided to start over, which he later recognized as the best thing that could have happened to him. The freedom from the burden of success allowed him to enter a period of immense creativity. During the next five years, he started Next and Pixar, and found love with his future wife. Pixar went on to create Toy Story, and became the world's most successful animation studio. Later, Apple bought Next, bringing him back to the company he founded, and the technology developed at Next played a crucial role in Apple's revival. He highlights the paradoxical nature of this experience, noting that his greatest successes stemmed from what initially seemed like a catastrophic failure. He encourages the graduates to persevere through life's challenges and to never lose faith, emphasizing that the key is to find what they love and pursue it relentlessly. He states that the only way to do great work is to love what you do, and if you haven't found it yet, keep looking and don't settle.
His third and final story delves into the subject of "death." He shares a quote he encountered at age 17, "If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you'll most certainly be right," and how it influenced his life. He has looked in the mirror every morning for 33 years and asked himself if he wanted to do what he was about to do that day. If the answer was "no" for too many days in a row, he knew he needed to make a change. He shares his experience being diagnosed with pancreatic cancer a year prior and being told he had only three to six months to live. He describes the emotional weight of the diagnosis and the process of preparing for death. Miraculously, a biopsy revealed that he had a rare, curable form of pancreatic cancer, and he underwent successful surgery. He emphasizes the importance of confronting the reality of mortality to prioritize what truly matters. He urges the graduates not to waste their lives living someone else's life, not to be trapped by dogma, not to let the noise of others' opinions drown out their inner voice. Instead, he advises them to have the courage to follow their hearts and intuition. He ends his speech by referencing "The Whole Earth Catalog," a publication he admired in his youth, and its farewell message: "Stay hungry, stay foolish." He imparts this same wish to the graduating class, urging them to remain curious, ambitious, and open to new experiences as they embark on their future endeavors.